Table of Content

29 December 2012, Volume 46 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Automation Technique, Computer Technology

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Robust Image Registration Method Based on Affine Geometric Invariant LI Bin, YE Hao 2012, 46 (12):  1881-1884.  Abstract ( 2472 )   Save A new robust feature-based image registration algorithm was presented. This algorithm employs the affine geometric invariant in the design of feature descriptor by constructing feature areas, which enables it to deal with affine geometric deformation. Since the feature descriptor, which has a small amount of calculation, is only determined by coordinate information and independent of the gray scale information, this method has good timeliness and is robust to the gray scale discrepancy between the images.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Improved Fast Block Matching Algorithm in Video Coding CONG Shuang, PU Ya-Kun 2012, 46 (12):  1885-1890.  Abstract ( 2697 )   Save  In order to reduce the computational complexity of block matching in video compression, and avoid local optimum of block matching, while maintaining a high compression ratio, a new fast block matching algorithm was proposed. First, determine whether the block is a static block. If it so, stop searching of this block. If not, do motion vector prediction to determine a searching center, from where the search begins and the route will be from the inside out. Meanwhile, a stop condition is combined to stop searching in an early time and an acceptable position. The proposed fast search algorithm for block matching was compared with full search and diamond fast search through simulation to prove its superiority. The above improved motion estimation algorithm was applied in a robot vision control system. The experimental results show that among full search, diamond fast search, and fast search algorithm proposed in this paper, the overall performance of the proposed algorithm is the best of the three methods.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Newton-CG Augmented Lagrangian Approach for Efficient  Computation of Time Optimal Trajectory LI Shu-Rong, ZHANG Qiang, ZHANG Xiao-Dong, LEI Yang 2012, 46 (12):  1891-1895.  Abstract ( 2915 )   Save A Newton-CG(conjugate gradient) augmented Lagrangian approach was proposed for solving the time optimal trajectory planning problem of computer numerical control (CNC) systems. By using nonlinear variable substitution, time optimal trajectory planning problem is formulated as a time-independent convex optimal control problem. Then based on the extended Pontryagin maximum principle, detailed proofs are provided to show that the optimal control of the chord error and axis acceleration constrained problem has “bangbang” structure. Based on control vector parameterization (CVP) method, the resulted optimal control problem is further converted into a semi-infinite programming problem with infinite dimension constraints. Augmented Lagrangian functions are constructed to convert the constrained optimization problem into a series of non constrained optimization subproblems. An iteration process is performed by using the linear search Newton-CG method. The results of the time optimal trajectory planning for test paths demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Sequential Controller Synthesis and Formal Models for Batch Chemical Processes LUO Ji-Liang, CHEN Xue-Kun, QI Peng-Fei, ZHAO Po 2012, 46 (12):  1896-1900.  Abstract ( 1992 )   Save A method was proposed to design the Petri-net model for a batch chemical system based on the actuator-element net. A process flow was depicted as a sequential control specification that is in the form of a transition sequence. Further, a method was proposed to model this sequential control specification as linear constraints on Petri nets. By the place invariant method, a monitor place was designed for each linear constraints, and consequently, the sequential Petrinet supervisor was obtained. By this method, the closed-loop control system for a complexity chemical process can be modeled, analyzed and perfected based on formal methods. References | Related Articles | Metrics

General Industrial Technology

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Load Process Control and Optimization of Supercritical Power Unit JIN Xiao-Ming-1, YANG Ma-Ying-2, YANG Di-1 2012, 46 (12):  1901-1906.  Abstract ( 2444 )   Save According to multivariable coupling and nonlinearity of supercritical power unit, a generalized predictive control (GPC) embedded in coal consumption minimization was presented. Linear programming (LP) and goal programming (GP) was employed to calculate local steady state target respectively. The simulation results demonstrate that, in the case of no need for a target coordination, GP+GPC and LP+GPC show the same performance for both decreasing coal consumption while realizing basic control target and show some robust while model mismatch compared to only GPC. When a target coordination is required, the dynamic control and local economic steady state optimization could be coordinated based on GP+GPC.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

Automation Technique, Computer Technology

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A Fuzzy Modeling Method Based on T-S Model　for Blast Furnace Gas System SHENG Chun-Yang, ZHAO Jun, WANG Wei, LIU Ying 2012, 46 (12):  1907-1913.  Abstract ( 2788 )   Save Aiming at the modeling problem for blast furnace gas system in steel industry, a class of complex non-linear system, a data-based fuzzy modeling method was proposed. Firstly, the proposed method establishes the identification model based on T-S fuzzy model. Considering the manual interference from the adjustable gas users, a conditional fuzzy clustering is adopted to partition the input and output space. With the introduction of fuzzy concept, the proposed model is adaptive for industrial noises. Then, a Bayesian linear regression is proposed to determine the parameters of the consequent part in this study, which can effectively avoid the ill-conditioned phenomenon. A series of simulation verification by using the industrial data of a certain blast furnace gas system demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits well performance for identifying the blast furnace gas system, and can also be used to optimize, control and schedule the blast furnace gas system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization Operation for Coking Process Based on Economic Performance Assessment LEI Qi-1, 2 , WU Min-1 2012, 46 (12):  1914-1919.  Abstract ( 2849 )   Save In coking process, the optimal operation cannot be ensured due to lack of performance assessment. This paper proposed an optimization operation method  based  on  economic performance assessment for the coking process. Based on performance assessment with economic indicators and quality indicators, combined with the confidence level model, the expert rules were established to timely correct forecasting model of the economic indicators, or optimize the coke production process to achieve good operating conditions, while taking the economic indicators including coke yield and energy consumption as the goals, the cokes quality and mechanism conditions as constraints. The simulation shows that the method proposed in this paper can obviously increase coke yield and reduce energy consumption. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Traffic Flow Background Detection Algorithm Based on Improved Gaussian Mixture Model LV　Fu-Qiang-1 , WANG Hui-1, LIU Hong-2 2012, 46 (12):  1920-1925.  Abstract ( 3016 )   Save Aiming at the uniform characteristics of background pixels in traffic flow video, a spatial-temporal dual Gaussian mixture model background detection algorithm was proposed. Firstly the temporal Gauss mixture model was built to detect the background in temporal domain, and a double-threshold method was introduced to detect the background and foreground. When the detection result was uncertain, the spatial Gauss mixture model was built, and the spatial detection result was used to replace the temporal detection result. The experimental comparisons with different traffic flow video demonstrate that the proposed algorithm in this paper improves robustness in the initial stage and decreases the detection fault also when parking phenomenon occurrs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Mechanical instrumentation engineering

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Study on Secondary Energy Efficiency Evaluation  for Steel and Iron Enterprise ZHU Li, SU Hong-Ye, SHEN Qing-Hong, LU Shan 2012, 46 (12):  1926-1930.  Abstract ( 2052 )   Save In order to evaluate the secondary energy efficiency in steel and iron enterprise, the overall design ideas of modeling, simulation, evaluation and optimization were adopted. Considering the international and national standards, object process methodology was used to model and simulate the secondary energy utilization process and comprehensive energy consumption index was given to evaluate the process. Finally, the evaluation ideas were applied for detailed analyzing the byproduct gas used in steel and iron enterprise and evaluating the energy efficiency.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

Automation Technique, Computer Technology

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A 3-D Route Planning Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based on Q-Learning HAO Chuan-Chuan-a, FANG Zhou-b, LI Ping-a 2012, 46 (12):  1931-1935.  Abstract ( 3239 )   Save As the route constraints of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are neglected in most of the existed route planning algorithms based on reinforcement learning, the resulted route is always infeasible for the UAV. This paper proposed an efficient 3-D route planning algorithm for UAV based on Q-learning. The route constraints of UAV are efficiently used to guide the discretization of the planning space in the proposed algorithm, which not only reduces the scale of the resulted discrete planning problem, but also improves the feasibility of the resulted route for UAV. A Reward shaping mechanism, which is commonly used in reinforcement learning problem that can significantly improve the convergence property, is adopted to construct a more proper reward function. The simulation results of the typical 3-D route planning problem of UAV demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can efficiently address the 3-D route planning mission of UAV. Key words： References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Hydrocyclone Mechanism Mode in Grinding Process Using Principal Component Analysis LI Hua-Yi, LIU Wei 2012, 46 (12):  1936-1939.  Abstract ( 2602 )   Save The technological process of double grinding circuits with a spiral classifier is common in Chinese concentration industry. This paper studied on the hydrocyclone mechanism model for such grinding/classification process. First, the grinding process is analyzed, the main variables of the process is determined by principal component analysis. Second, the hydrocyclone mechanism model is established and the model parameters are decided by rulebased reasoning. With production data of the grinding/classification process of a concentration plant, the simulation experiments prove that the dynamics from simulation result of the model in this paper are the same with them of real values. The model is effective for grinding hydrocyclone, which solves the simulation problem of hydrocyclone and provides a suitable dynamic model for grinding research.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stair-like Constrained Predictive Control Based on Golden Section Method BAO Rong, HE De-Feng, ZHENG Kai-Hua 2012, 46 (12):  1940-1944.  Abstract ( 3054 )   Save  This paper presented a stairlike constrained predictive control algorithm based on the golden section method for constrained system with openloop stability. The stair-like control strategy is used to decrease the online computation demand of model predictive control. Then the golden section method is introduced to deal with the system constraints and the incremental predictive control actions are calculated on-line at the current time. So, the predictive control actions are obtained. Finally, an example of simulation was exploited to illustrate the effectiveness of the results obtained here.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Temperature Detection Method of Blast Furnace Burden Surface Based on the Reliability of Multi-source Information AN Jian-Qi, WU Min, HE Yong, CAO Wei-Hua 2012, 46 (12):  1945-1950.  Abstract ( 2368 )   Save Focusing on the difficulty of precisely detecting blast furnace (BF) burden surface temperature, a novel temperature detection method of BF burden surface based on the reliability of multi-source information was proposed.  Firstly, the burden surface temperature is estimated respectively according to the individual features of three kinds of singular heterogeneous information; then the BF burden surface temperature is calculated by fusing the results estimated by the three kinds of singular information based on reliability theory. The application on a 2 200 m3 B F in some steel enterprise shows the method proposed can realize the real-time and precise detection of burden surface temperature, which eventually provides an effective solution for the status monitoring of complicated metallurgy process.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

Energy and Power Engineering

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SFLA-WNN Soft-Sensor Modeling and Reconfiguration of Grinding Process Based on Model Migration WANG Jie-Sheng, YANG Yang, SUN Shi-Feng 2012, 46 (12):  1951-1955.  Abstract ( 2344 )   Save For forecasting the key technology indicators (grinding granularity and mill discharge velocity) of grinding process, an adaptive soft-sensor modeling method based on wavelet neural network (WNN) was proposed. The assistant variables of the soft-sensor model are selected by analyzing the technique characteristic of the grinding process. The structure parameters (scaling factors and translation factors of the wavelet functions, connections weights) of the WNN are optimized by the shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) to realize the nonlinear mapping between input and output variables of the discussed softsensor model. Model migration strategy and input-output space bias correction (IOSBC) method are adopted to realize the on-line adaptive revision of soft-sensor model. The simulation results show that the proposed model can significantly enhance the predictive accuracy and robustness of the technicaland-economic indexes and satisfy the real-time control requirements of the grinding process. Key words： References | Related Articles | Metrics

Others

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Application of Projection Pursuit Model and Particle Swarm Optimization in Rock Burst Prediction ZHOU Xuan-Chi-1, BAI Chun-Hua-1, WANG Zhong-Qi-1, LIN Da-Chao-2 2012, 46 (12):  1956-1961.  Abstract ( 2745 )   Save In order to construct the measure of rock burst intensity, the ratio of maximum tangential stress of cave chamber to uniaxial compressive strength of rock, brittleness coefficient and elastic energy index are chosen as the discriminant index, an appropriate analysis model for rock burst prediction was established based on particle swarm optimization and projection pursuit algorithm. Firstly, for the sake of ensuring the accuracy of the model parameters, particle swarm optimization is used to optimize the projection index function, meanwhile the non-linear relationship between projected value and empirical value is obtained by use of logistic curve function. The study shows that the prediction of rock burst intensity with use of the regression model based on particle swarm and projection pursuit has the advantage over traditional forecasting methods in that the deviation caused by subjective reasons can be avoided and its prediction precision is high. Finally, the model was applied to the rock burst prediction of Qinling tunnel and Dongguashan copper ore and the result corresponds with actual situation which shows scientificity, feasibility and effectiveness of the model in rock burst prediction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Automation Technique, Computer Technology

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Extremum Seeking Control Based on Feedback Learning Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm   DONG Fang, XIE Lei, ZHANG Jian-Ming 2012, 46 (12):  1962-1966.  Abstract ( 2744 )   Save This paper brought the feedback particle swarm optimization algorithm(FLPSO) into the extremum seeking control(ESC), applied the idea of tracking problem which was first introduced into ESC by Zhang, and improved the performance of ESC. According to the simulation, the output of the control becomes relatively stable and the output of the performance function converges to optimum rapidly. The algorithm improves the problem of output function oscillation existed in the algorithm combined with Gramm method. Key words： References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Development of Visualization Process Control Real-Time Simulation System WANG Fang, WU Min, LOU Ming-Shan, CAO Wei-Hua 2012, 46 (12):  1967-1970.  Abstract ( 2548 )   Save Aiming at the characteristics and requirements of the complex industrial process modeling and simulation design, a suit of visual real-time simulation system for the typical process control was established and realized. The system integrates the functions of configuration, simulation and monitor, consists of the foreground user operations, the middle data communication and the background simulation. According to the concepts of oriented objects and modular design, the system integrates configuration and principle interface with Simulink model by VC++ programming, and thus realizes the visualization of process configuration graph and schematic, simulation, curve display and real-time communication with PLC, etc. Therefore, the system can be used to simulate the production process, set parameters, realize semi-physical simulation and learn process, etc. The experimental results show that this system has many advantages such as simple operation, beautiful interface, strong currency and convenient secondary development.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

Electrotechnology

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Wind Power Slope Events Classification and Forecasting Based on Statistical Analysis and Multiple Support Vector Machines LI Fu-Dong-1, 2 , WU Min-1, FENG Gao-Yi-3 2012, 46 (12):  1971-1976.  Abstract ( 3143 )   Save To evaluate the influence of wind power fluctuations and optimize the control of wind power system, a method of wind power slope events classification and forecasting based on statistical analysis and multiple support vector machine was presented. Firstly, the wind power slope events were defined and classified. Then, the wind power data collected from a wind farm were used to investigate the classification and range of slope events, and the internal laws of slope events were explored. In this context, the binary support vector machine(SVM) was extended to multiple support vector machines(MSVMs) and was applied to the classification of slope down/up events for both one-step and multi-step ahead scenarios. Finally, the numerical results based on the wind power data verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

Others

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Time Buffer Determination Method Based on System’s Random Variability HU Xin-Yu, ZHOU Bing-Hai 2012, 46 (12):  1977-1982.  Abstract ( 2390 )   Save  To maximize the utilization of the bottleneck workstation, and achieve a high throughput as well as a reasonable cycle time, a heuristic algorithm was put forward for determining the right time buffer before the bottleneck workstation in semiconductor wafer fabrication system. Firstly, a G/G/m queuing model is proposed based on the queuing theory and the system’s random variability. Secondly, according to the characteristics of reentrance of the bottleneck workstation, a time buffer decomposition method is presented. On the basis of the work mentioned above, a heuristic algorithm is built for determining the reasonable time buffer. Finally, a release policy is proposed based on the time buffer, and a simulation experiment is designed to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The results indicate that the algorithm is valid and feasible.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-objective Operating Room Allocation ZHANG Zheng, XIE Xiao-Lan, GENG Na 2012, 46 (12):  1983-1988.  Abstract ( 2999 )   Save Operating room (OR) allocation has multiple criteria such as OR’s opening cost, overtime cost, surgery setup cost and preferences. This paper addresses the multi-objective operating room allocation approach in order to optimize the above four criteria with uncertain surgery times. A linear programming model was proposed to optimize a linear combination of the four criteria and by using a Monte Carlo method to handle the surgery time uncertainty. The numerical results obtained with a standard LP-solver (Cplex) show that this method considerably reduces the total operation cost of ORs. It effectively reduces the average overtime and surgeries setup frequency while meets surgical preferences to a large extent. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Strategy of Manufacturing Enterprise Carrying Out  Service in Full Life Cycle Based on Game Theory JIA Yao-Feng, MIAO Rui, CAO Jin-Tao, WANG Li-Ya, JIANG Zhi-Bin 2012, 46 (12):  1989-1993.  Abstract ( 2256 )   Save This article established a duopoly game model of manufacturing enterprises carrying out services in the product life cycle with the premise of customer’s rational perception of service, and developed Nash equilibrium of the game model. With the method of numerical simulation, the dynamic process under the change of variable influence factors was displayed. The result shows that, when the manufacturing enterprises carry out the product life cycle services, manufacturers and independent service companiescan both have benefits from the service market. With marginal cost of service quality factor increasing, the balanced price of service increases, however, with the customer perception of the initial service price factor increasing, the price decreases. As the remaining life of product reduces, manufacturers need to reduce service quality and price to occupy the independent service company’s service area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Supply Chain Coordination with Capacity Investment Sharing KONG Rong, DONG Ming, LIU Shao-Xuan 2012, 46 (12):  1994-1998.  Abstract ( 2358 )   Save This paper studied a two-level supply chain with one supplier and one retailer. The retailer sources products from the supplier and sells them to the end customers, and customer demand is uncertain. Due to the long lead time, the supplier needs to build capacity before receiving orders from the retailer. If the supplier assumes all the cost of building enough capacity to meet demand while the retailer assumes no cost, it is not clear that the supplier will build enough capacity. Motivated by the observations, we consider two types of contract relationship between the supplier and the retailer: wholesale price only contract and capacity cost sharing contracts. We first characterize the optimal decisions of the supplier’s and the retailer’s under two cases. We then show that the supplier is willing to build more capacity under the cost sharing contract and such a contract increases the expected profits of the supplier and the retailer. Finally, through a numerical study, we demonstrate how the retailer’s and the supplier’s optimal decisions and their resulting expected profits are affected by the specific terms of the cost sharing contracts. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Mechanical instrumentation engineering

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Multivariate Process Capability Indices Calculation Model Based on Gauge Capability LIU Lei, LIU Li 2012, 46 (12):  1999-2002.  Abstract ( 2675 )   Save On the basis of previous calculation model of multivariate process capability index, a new model based on gauge capability was presented. A new factor—gauge capability was introduced into this model, which reflects the gauge measurement errors. The real example shows that the previous calculation models which ignore the gauge measurement errors underestimate the process capability indices, while this new model can correct the deviation and better reflect the real manufacturing situation.   References | Related Articles | Metrics

Others

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An Integrated Tabu Search Algorithm for the Lot Streaming Problem in Flexible Job Shops LU Han-Dong, HE Wei-Ping, ZHOU Xu, LI Ya-Jie 2012, 46 (12):  2003-2008.  Abstract ( 2966 )   Save To solve the problem of flexible job shop scheduling with lot-splitting, a flexible size lot-splitting scheduling algorithm based on tabu search was presented, which incorporates the predetermination of sublot sizes, the determination of schedules based on tabu search and the variation of sublot sizes, to minimize the makespan and machine workload. Performance of the algorithm was evaluated through simulations, and the results demonstrate the feasibility , efficiency and utility of the algorithm. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Integrating Production Scheduling and Preventive Maintenance Planning for a Single Machine CUI Wei-Wei-1, LU Zhi-Qiang-2 2012, 46 (12):  2009-2013.  Abstract ( 2942 )   Save An integrated model that coordinates preventive maintenance planning and production scheduling decisions on a single machine was proposed to jointly optimize the goals of production and maintenance departments. Then a genetic algorithm was developed to solve this model and compared with the enumeration algorithm to show its effectiveness. The computational experiments under various problem scales show the satisfied performance of this integrated model, compared with conventional independent decision model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Practical Analysis on Price Decision Model Under Closed-Loop Supply Chain ZHANG Qian, ZHAO Ju-Hong, ZHANG Zhi-Xiang 2012, 46 (12):  2014-2018.  Abstract ( 2554 )   Save The price decision model of closed-loop was proposed that consists of manufacturer, retailer and the third-part logistic operator under stochastic demand. It has the recycle and remanufacturing function of product. Based on  the game theory, the model was analyzed under the centralized-decision and the decentralized-decision. The results show that all variables under centralized-decision are prior to that of decentralized-decision. The retailer price of the former is less than that of the latter; the recycle price and the product’s quantity are more than that of the latter. Besides, the profit of the centralizeddecision is obviously greater than that of the decentralized-decision. Lastly, the analysis was given in machined and electric parts, which proves that the  method is effective and practical. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis for Capacity Supplement Strategies Based on Queuing Length   HAN Chao, LI Na, JIANG Zhi-Bin, ZHUANG Jing 2012, 46 (12):  2019-2023.  Abstract ( 1866 )   Save According to the present research of multiple-customer queuing model, a capacity supplement strategy of multiple-customer queuing model dependent on queuing length with the impatient customer was studied. Individual supplement queuing system and sharing supplement queuing system were supposed. The classic continuous-time Markov process theory was proposed to solve the steady-state probability and performance characteristics of two system models. The two systems’ performances were compared in the study. At last, the formula of the net profit ratio was structured to get the relationship of the net profit ratio with system parameter. According to formula of the net profit ratio, the system’s reward-cost analysis was studied. The exploitation conditions of the two systems were obtained which could influence the election between these two capacity supplement systems for decision makers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Planning Method of Port Logistics Park CHENG Dong-Quan, GU Feng, CHEN Guo-Qing 2012, 46 (12):  2024-2028.  Abstract ( 2529 )   Save The intension and functions of port logistics park were identified and the relationship between the planning of port logistics park and that of port was analyzed. The principles for location selection of port logistics park and influencing factors of location selection were set forth. A kind of empirical method of quantitative estimation on the scale of port logistics park was presented. Finally, the main content and basic procedure of space layout design for logistics park of hub port were discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics