Table of Content

28 February 2017, Volume 51 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Fatigue Performance Prediction and#br#  Application Based on Kriging Surrogate Model JI Qinghui,ZHU Ping,LU Jiahai,LIU Zhao 2017, 51 (2):  129.  Abstract ( 815 )   Save Mechanical properties of plain weave carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite were studied by static and fatigue experiments. The new Haigh diagram model was established by using Kriging interpolation method and Basquin formulation. The model can predict SN curves under random loading conditions. And those curves were used as constraints of optimization design. The surrogate modes of optimization object and constraint were established using optimal Latin hypercube design (OLHD) of experiment and Kriging model. The shell thicknesses of power battery pack of electric vehicle were obtained by genetic algorithm. The optimized results were verified through fatigue bench testing. The weight of optimized structure reduced 34.39%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Lightweight Design of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Auto Bumper WANG Qing,LU Jiahai,LIU Zhao,ZHU Ping 2017, 51 (2):  136.  Abstract ( 1344 )   Save An auto bumper used integral carbon fiber reinforced plastic is designed for a type of electric vehicle based on the lightweigh design requirement and manufacturability. The lightweight solution which meets the crashworthiness requirements is obtained through optimization procedure with Latin hypercube sampling, Kriging metamodel and genetic algorithm. The weight of bumper system is reduced by 36.4%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Calculation of the Hydrodynamic Forces of  Ship Model Oblique Towing Test in Circulating Water Channel by  Considering Side Wall Effect Correction LIU Hana,MA Ningb,c,GU Xiechongb,c 2017, 51 (2):  142.  Abstract ( 970 )   Save The characteristics and applicable conditions of a velocity correction method to account for the correction of hydrodynamic forces are investigated by applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique to  oblique towing tests of a KVLCC2 model. The results of numerical method are verified by comparing with the test results in a circulating water channel (CWC). Tamura’s formula on velocity correction is appied to obtain new velocities for tests in wide flow field. Comparisons between hydrodynamics and flow field of the corrected or noncorrected condition and those of CWC test show that Tamura’s formula is applicable to the blockage range of 3.5%－5.0%, while larger blockage leads to drastic changes of flow velocity around the ship. Remarkable difference of the pressure distribution exists along with two sides of the model ship between the tests in CWC and that in wide flow field. The velocity correction increases the pressure of both sides, therefore it reduces the discrepancy within certain blockage ratios and enlarges discrepancy as the ratio continuonsly grows. Meanwhile, correction formula of the lateral hydrodynamic force for low speed fullform ships is proposed based on the blockage correction in a low speed wind tunnel. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Ship Structures Using Ensemble of Surrogates  with Recursive  Arithmetic Average and  Sequential Optimization and Reliability Assessment HU Xinming,WANG Deyu 2017, 51 (2):  150.  Abstract ( 889 )   Save Aimed at the problem that traditional reliabilitybased optimization has poor efficiency for the huge ship finite element model, a new process is presented to improve efficiency and accuracy by synthesizing ensemble of surrogates with recursive arithmetic average (ER) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) into sequential optimization and reliability assessment (SORA). The uncertainty of variables is considered. The improved process is applied to the problem of reliabilitybased optimization of a multipurpose ship. SORA method decouples the process of reliability assessment and optimization and improves the efficiency of reliabilitybased optimization. PSO method guarantees the efficiency of calculating global optimal solution in the SORA. ER surrogate uses the minimal sampling points to establish a surrogate to meet with the accuracy requirement. Therefore, Kriging, RBF and SVR surrogates are combined to construct the ER surrogate which substitutes for timeconsuming process of calculating the most probable point (MPP) and optimization of SORA based on finite element model. The optimization results of the multipurpose ship show that reliabilitybased design optimization is more meaningful than deterministic optimization in practice. The improved process guarantees the high accuracy of solutions and significantly reduces the computational cost. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Anti-Windup Controller Design for a Multi-Propeller Aerostat LIU Fen,CHEN Li,DUAN Dengping 2017, 51 (2):  157.  Abstract ( 781 )   Save  Two controller design methods,  direct method and indirect method, are used to design antiwindup controller for the multipropeller aerostat with asymmetric actuator constraints. A linear transformation is applied to transfer the asymmetric constraint into a symmetric one. As a result, the generalized sector condition is used to deal with the saturation nonlinearity. By using a quadratic Lyapunov function, linear matrix inequality (LMI) based synthesis condition is presented to address the problem of L2 performance analysis of the saturation constraint closedloop system. The indirect method and the direct method are applied to design controller. The solution of the controller is transformed to a convex optimization expressed in a LMI form and solved by YALMIP toolbox. Finally, simulation results of the direct method and the indirect method show their effectiveness. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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ThreeDimensional Simulation of  the Modular HingeType Wings in Hovering Flight GAO Fei, L Jiangang,ZHANG Zhongzhi,GUO Shaoyan 2017, 51 (2):  166.  Abstract ( 849 )   Save This paper describes the design and analysis of a new propulsion technology, which is inspired by the motion feature of the bird’s feathers. Both the structural models and its flapping wings of the bioinspired propulsion are established. The dynamic equation and threedimensional NavierStokes equations are solved to acquire motion features and mechanical properties. Then, the aerodynamic performance of the wings for the propulsion which reciprocates at a constant speed is achieved though the analysis of the flow field characteristics. The flow distributions of the modular hingetype wings in some typical moments are studied.  The lift coefficients, the angle between blades and yOz plane, the angular velocity of the blades for different exercise frequency are further discussed. The results indicate that this type of propulsion can provide an efficient propelling force when wings are flapping at a low frequency by reciprocating in long travel. The average lift coefficient in a moving cycle would keep above 3.0 when the frequency is 2Hz. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Scheduling Algorithm for Vehicles in Cybernetic Transportation System LI Shuanga,YANG Mingb,WANG Chunxianga,WANG Bingb 2017, 51 (2):  174.  Abstract ( 848 )   Save Combining the advantage of greedy algorithm with that of genetic algorithm, this paper presents a new algorithm named proximity cluster greedy and genetic algorithm. This paper also designs a simulation system for cybernetic transportation system to test all the three algorithms and collect the experiment results. The results show that when the system tends to be steady, the proximity cluster greedy and genetic algorithm can efficiently decrease the response time and avoid the requests’ starving, so this algorithm is a good choice for the cybernetic transportation system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Missing Data Filling Method for Effectiveness Evaluation System WANG Jun1, 2,LI Jianxun1,HAN Shan3,WANG Xing2 2017, 51 (2):  180.  Abstract ( 868 )   Save To solve the data missing problem in effectiveness evaluation of weapon systems, a novel method was proposed to fill the missing data. The effectiveness evaluation system was described from the perspective of information entropy while the so called weighted generalized information entropy was found on the intervalvalued information system. Besides, the nonnegativity, monotony and extremality of the new information entropy were discussed. Based on the new theory, and according to the variation of the information entropy before and after data missing of the effectiveness evaluation system, a novel method for filling the missing data based on weighted generalized information entropy was proposed, and the theory of weighted generalized information entropy was explained from the perspective of knowledge granularity. The proposed algorithm performs better in  comparison with other algorithms, which verifies that the algorithm is valid in filling missing data of effectiveness evaluation system in consequence. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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StepStress Accelerated Degradation Test Plan for Generalized Inverse Gaussian Process LI Shuo,CHEN Zhen,PAN Ershun 2017, 51 (2):  186.  Abstract ( 983 )   Save  For assessing the lifetime of highly reliable and long lifetime products, the stepstress accelerated degradation test is an economical, quick and useful tool. To handle the problem of settings of sample size, measurement frequency and number of measurements for stepstress accelerated degradation test, a generalized inverse Gaussian process was used to describe the degradation path. A modified Monte Carlo method was applied to obtain the estimation of the parameters. Under the constraint about the total experimental budget, sample size and termination time, the optimal configuration for stepstress accelerated degradation test was determined by minimizing the asymptotic variance of the estimated quantile of the lifetime distribution of the product. Finally, an example was given to illustrate the proposed model and method. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Modeling of Resource Constrained MultiProject Scheduling Problem Based on  Project Splitting LU Zhiqiang，YANG Chao 2017, 51 (2):  193.  Abstract ( 924 )   Save 以大型工业品资源共享型节拍式流水装配过程为背景，提出基于项目网络拆分决策的多项目协同调度问题.根据装配过程作业的周期性调度需求，将单个项目的作业集合划分成共享资源的多个并行执行的协同子项目，以最小化节拍时间为目标，建立了项目网络拆分与项目调度同时决策的数学优化模型，设计了一种双层循环迭代算法以对模型进行求解.算法的上层是基于有效时序约束数量的作业划分构造型启发式算法，可在多项目网络之间调整作业的从属关系；算法的下层采用基于优先规则的启发式算法对上层拆分后的多项目网络进行求解，并将调度结果反馈至上层，通过循环迭代不断优化项目来调度计划.数据实验结果表明，所提算法能够有效提高资源利用率，且其求解质量和效率较高. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Single Sample Face Identification Based on Generative Score Space WANG Bin1,LIU Yuncai2,MAO Hongwei1 2017, 51 (2):  202.  Abstract ( 707 )   Save In this paper,  a generativescorespace model was proposed, based on which a face recognition approach was derived. First, the proposed approach designed a probabilistic generative model for face representation, which effectively combined the flexibility of partsbased paradigm   with the robustness of sparse component analysis. Then, a score function (i.e. feature mapping) was derived based on the model. Besides,  a similarity measure was constructed for single sample face identification, which is essentially the function over observed variables, hidden variables and model parameters. The proposed approach was evaluated on two standard face databases to validate its effectiveness. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Extreme Air Gaps of a SemiSubmersible Using #br# Method of LHMoments LIU Shuanga,b，XIAO Longfeia,b，KOU Yufenga 2017, 51 (2):  209.  Abstract ( 740 )   Save For a semisubmersible operated in water at a depth of 1.5km, the sample data of the relative wave crests at different locations from an experiment were assumed to follow a twoparameter Weibull distribution and the method of LHmoments was used to estimate the parameters. Then, the exceedance probability distributions for different orders of LHmoments were obtained. The results show that as the order of LHmoments increases, the twoparameter Weibull distribution yields better trend of the large relative wave crests under the 1yearreturn sea state, and clearly a better fit of the large relative wave crests under the 100yearreturn sea state. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Fast Totel Electron Content Derivation Based on GNSS Observation WANG Xiaolan1,2,MA Guanyi1,WAN Qingtao1,LI Jinghua1,FAN Jiangtao1,ZHANG Jie1,2 2017, 51 (2):  214.  Abstract ( 748 )   Save This paper proposes to divide the globe into meshes and select one GNSS receiver from each mesh. With the observation of these receivers, it develops a TEC derivation algorithm based on the spherical harmonic function. For different mesh sizes from 2.5°×2.5° (latitude×longitude) to 30°×30° (latitude×longitude), the performance is examined by applying it to the data selected from 16 geomagnetically quiet days in four seasons in 2006. The result shows that the data can be generally well fitted, with the goodness of fit being about 2 TECU. By comparing the derived TEC and instrumental biases with those of CODE (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe), it can be found that the algorithm can give reasonable TEC and biases for those meshes smaller than 15°×30°(latitude×longitude). Considering the Ionospheric puncture point distribution and calculating time, it can be concluded that the mesh of 10°×20° (latitude×longitude) is appropriate to derive TEC and instrumental biases rapidly. This paper provides a fast and effective method for nowcasting the global ionospheric TEC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Fast Computation Method for Broadband Echo Characteristics of Underwater Target JIA Bo1,WANG Bin1,FAN Jun1,ZHANG Peizhen2 2017, 51 (2):  224.  Abstract ( 664 )   Save A fast computation method for broadband echo characteristics was proposed based on the planar element method and by using Chebyshev polynomial interpolation. Introducing the amplitude and phase separation method, the scattering sound field of each planar element was decomposed into fast and slow fluctuating functions varied with frequency. For the function varied slowly with frequency, the Chebyshev approximation theory was used to obtain the precise calculation of each frequency point in broadband, when the scattered sound of Chebyshev nodes was given by the planar element method. The broadband echo characteristic of the target was calculated by the combination of the result of Chebyshev polynomial interpolation and fast fluctuating function. The method can avoid high cost of time in scattering field calculation, because it is not necessary to compute point by point in the frequent domain. Compared with the traditional planar element method, this method can compute the broadband echo characteristics of underwater target quickly and accurately. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Equilibrium Strategies of Advanced Payment Financing for  FinancialConstraint Supplier LI Chao1,3，LUO Jianwen2 2017, 51 (2):  229.  Abstract ( 850 )   Save For the problem that a financialsufficient retailer alleviates the impact on supply chain operation from the financial shortage through advanced payment scheme to provide production financing for the financialconstraint supplier, this paper investigates the advantage of advanced payment financing scheme compared to external bank financing and the coordinating contracts under advanced payment. The results show that, in contrast of bank financing, the retailer can incent the supplier to select advanced payment financing scheme by adjusting wholesale price to realize Pareto improvement for both players, the efficiency of the whole supply chain can improve simultaneously. If the supplier cannot approach bank financing, advanced about payment financing coordinates the supply chain. If bank financing can be approached, supply chain coordination can be achieved by the retailer through joint adoption of advance payment and revenuesharing contract as well. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Formation Mechanism of Newsvendor Decision Bias Based on Loss Averse ZHUANG He1,ZHANG Guangyuan1,DING Xiaodong1,2 LU Gongyuan1,GONG Di1,HUANG Xiuli1 2017, 51 (2):  237.  Abstract ( 832 )   Save Based on loss averse model, this paper introduces stockout averse  to modify the classic newsvendor model, and constructs newsvendor model with loss averse under stockout punishing. At the same time, the paper designs behavior experiments to verify the new model based on Microsoft VFP. As shown in the results, stockout penalty coefficient decreases with product profit. In highprofit product, decision maker with loss reverse will order more than the risk neutral decision maker. In lowprofit product, decision maker with loss reverse will order less than the risk neutral decision maker. However, the order quantity is equal within the balanceprofit product. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects on Price Dispersion of Online Platform Charges in Different Buyer Markets WANG Qiang1,CHEN Hongmin2 2017, 51 (2):  245.  Abstract ( 987 )   Save  For the existence of different buyers and sellers, the paper explores the effects of platform charges on equilibrium price and price dispersion. The results show that searching cost is not the basic reason for price dispersion. The decrease range of searching activities in different buyers that result from platform charges is equal. In addition, all sellers will raise their prices when the platform charges them, but the increase range in two groups is not equal,  it leads to reducing price dispersion degree. When platform charges both sellers and buyers, sellers with the higher reputation will reduce the price of products and sellers with lower reputation will raise the price, and finally the price dispersion degree reduce or even disappear. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A TimeofUse Tariff Setting Strategy Based on Controlling Parameters and Feedback Regulation XU Tangyun1,YANG Dongwei2,ZHANG Yilun3,LIU Ran3,JIANG Zhibin3 2017, 51 (2):  251.  Abstract ( 934 )   Save According to the requirement of electricity pricing policy revolution, a timeofuse tariff setting strategy based on controlling parameters and feedback adjustment was proposed in this paper considering the previous research which includes less explorations on parameter control with feedback adjustment, and unreasonable assumptions of total electricity consumption, annual average price and response matrix. The strategy aims to satisfy the controlling parameters on proportion of consumption and price in different time periods, supply revenue and total electricity consumption. This method can minimize the gap between target values and actual values of the controlling parameters through feedback adjustment, pricing equations and response matrix. The objectives of price and consumption proportion of each time period are satisfied together with the performance requirements of supply revenue, total wattage and load balance according to the experiment results. References | Related Articles | Metrics