面向集装箱船能量管理的船舶微电网全航程经济调度策略

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.184

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着海洋冷藏运输业务不断发展,集装箱船上冷藏集装箱的比例不断上升.为进一步提高集装箱船的能量效率、降低全航程运营成本,提出一种考虑冷藏集装箱需求响应的集装箱船全航程经济调度策略.在分析冷藏集装箱运行特性的基础上建立其数学模型,并构建涵盖航程优化、日前调度与冷藏集装箱调度的船舶微电网全航程经济调度框架.通过航程优化确定储能设备状态、船舶航行距离等具有时间延续性的变量;基于优化结果,通过日前调度判定船舶各机组发电计划与微电网虚拟电价,并配合冷藏集装箱调度,实现微电网经济运行.以香港至上海航线为算例进行验证,结果表明,所提方法在不增加额外投资成本的前提下,可将集装箱船舶航行总费用降低5.02%,有效提升了船舶微电网的运行效率.

关键词: 冷藏集装箱, 需求响应, 船舶微电网, 全航程优化, 经济调度

Abstract:

With the fast development of marine refrigerated transport business, the proportion of reefer container on container ships is increasing. To further improve the energy efficiency of container ships and reduce the full-voyage cost, an economic dispatching strategy for container ships considering reefer demand response is proposed. First, the operation characteristics of the reefer container is analyzed and its mathematical model is established. Then, a full-voyage economic dispatching framework of ship microgrid including voyage optimization, day-ahead dispatching, and reefer container dispatching is established. Variables continuous in time such as the state of energy storage equipment and vessel sailing distance are determined based on the voyage optimization. The day-ahead dispatching determines the generation plan of the generators and the virtual electricity price, and cooperates with the reefer container dispatching to realize the economic operation of the microgrid. A case study of the ship route from Hong Kong to Shanghai indicates that the proposed method can reduce the total voyage cost of container ships by 5.02% without increasing the investment cost, and realize the efficient operation of ship microgrid.

Key words: reefer container, demand response, ship microgrid, full-voyage optimization, economic dispatch

中图分类号:

TM732

王萧博, 贾勇勇, 朱鑫要, 李铮. 面向集装箱船能量管理的船舶微电网全航程经济调度策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(4): 595-603.

WANG Xiaobo, JIA Yongyong, ZHU Xinyao, LI Zheng. A Full-Voyage Economic Dispatching Strategy of Ship Microgrid for Energy Management of Container Ships[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(4): 595-603.

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编号	最大功率/MW	最小功率/MW	a_k, b_k, c_k
DG1	10	4	1.59,144.7,16
DG2	10	4	1.53,145,16
DG3	8	2.5	2.29,147.2,12
DG4	8	2.5	2.35,148.3,12

类型	表面积/m²	制冷功率/kW	热传输系数/(W·m^-2·K)
TEU	73.56	10	0.8
FEU	135.26	12	0.8

编号	集装箱型号	货物类型	装载重量/kg	货物比热容/(kJ·kg^-1·K)	温度允许范围/℃
类型1	FEU	虾	24300	1.88	-18~-23
类型2	FEU	牛肉	25600	1.67	-15~-21
类型3	FEU	冰鲜肉类	25100	1.47	-2.4~-0.4
类型4	TEU	香蕉	16500	3.35	15~17
类型5	TEU	扇贝	17300	2.01	-16~-20

航行天数	策略1		策略2		策略3
航行天数	燃油成本/美元	岸电成本/美元	燃油成本/美元	岸电成本/美元	燃油成本/美元	岸电成本/美元
第1天	65357.22	958.76	62200.21	695.99	60202.94	928.00
第2天	59762.12	1494.84	57862.74	1756.66	57058.75	1726.57
第3天	78947.47	219.07	77588.08	238.94	76202.05	236.80
总费用/美元	206739.48		200342.62		196355.10
与策略1对比/%			-3.09		-5.02