考虑碳配额引导需求响应的微电网能量管理策略

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.378

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了减小微电网运行中可再生能源随机性和波动性造成的预测出力误差,提出考虑碳配额引导需求响应的微电网能量管理策略.构建两层模型预测控制(MPC)的能量管理模型,上层利用长时间尺度模型预测控制构建碳排放配额机制,引导电动汽车参与微电网的需求响应,实现微电网经济运行,降低碳排放量;下层使用MPC滚动优化和反馈校正来实现预测域与控制域之间的耦合,利用短时间尺度模型预测控制平抑可再生能源预测误差造成的功率波动.算例分析结果表明:所提能量管理策略能够有效引导电动汽车或其他可控负荷参与需求响应,实现微电网低碳经济调度和稳定运行.

关键词: 微电网, 能量管理, 模型预测控制, 碳配额, 需求响应

Abstract:

In order to reduce the forecast output error caused by the randomness and volatility of renewable energy in microgrid operation, a microgrid energy management strategy considering carbon quota guided demand response is proposed. A two-layer model predictive control (MPC) energy management model is constructed. The upper layer guides electric vehicles to participate in the demand response of microgrid by constructing a carbon emission quota mechanism to realize the economic operation of microgrid and reduce carbon emissions. The lower layer uses the model predictive control rolling optimization and the power fluctuation caused by the prediction error of renewable energy is suppressed by the short time scale model predictive control. The results of calculation analysis show that the proposed energy management strategy can effectively guide electric vehicles or other controllable loads to participate in demand response and realize low-carbon economic dispatch and stable operation of microgrid.

Key words: microgrid, energy management, model predictive control (MPC), carbon quota, demand response

中图分类号:

TM734

姜恩宇, 陈宇, 施峥靖, 吴哲城, 林顺富, 李东东. 考虑碳配额引导需求响应的微电网能量管理策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(9): 1126-1136.

JIANG Enyu, CHEN Yu, SHI Zhengjing, WU Zhecheng, LIN Shunfu, LI Dongdong. A Microgrid Energy Management Strategy Considering Carbon Quota Guided Demand Response[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(9): 1126-1136.

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类别	额定容量/ (kW·h)	P_min/ kW	P_max/ kW	S_min/ %	S_max/ %	充放电效率/%
电动汽车(EV)	24	-4.8	4.8	20	100	95
超级电容(SC)	1	-10	10	0	100	100

类别	微电网购售电成本/元	电动汽车寿命成本/元	微网碳排放成本/元	运行成本/元	微网碳排放量/ kg
单层MPC	4.478	5.443	0	9.922	29.923
两层MPC	3.734	0.662	0	4.397	28.973
有碳配额	3.984	4.277	-5.558	2.702	12.446

类别	大电网功率偏差	电动汽车偏差
单层MPC	0.0794	0.1168
两层MPC	0.0589	0.0663
有碳配额	0.0592	0.0659