计及源-荷不确定性的综合能源系统多目标鲁棒优化调度

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.238

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在新型电力系统建设下,电-热-氢多能源互联互通的综合能源系统将成为重要发展方向之一,但其全寿命周期运营经济性和能源供应可靠性受系统初始设备容量和日运行方案影响.因此,提出一种考虑源-荷不确定性的多目标两阶段鲁棒优化研究方法.建立了包含燃料电池、电解槽等装置的电-热-氢并网运行模型,采用分层拉丁超立方体抽样和Euclidean距离的场景削减方法增添源-荷不确定性因素,并采用两阶段鲁棒优化算法进行求解.算例对比分析了4类系统规定运行条件下设备投资等年值成本和典型日运行成本,验证所提方法可有效缓解源-荷不确定性对综合能源系统配置和运行规划的影响,研究成果有望为未来综合能源系统建设和运营提供新的思路.

关键词: 源-荷不确定性, 综合能源系统, 两阶段鲁棒优化, 氢能, 燃料电池

Abstract:

Under the construction of a new power system, the integrated energy system with electricity-thermal-hydrogen interconnection will become one of the important development directions, but its whole life cycle operation economy and energy supply reliability are affected by the initial equipment capacity and daily operation scheme of the system. Therefore, a multi-objective two-stage robust optimization method is proposed, taking into account the source-load uncertainty. A grid-connected electric-thermal-hydrogen operation model including fuel cells and electrolytic cells is developed, and the source-load uncertainty is added by using the hierarchical Latin hypercube sampling and Euclidean distance scenario reduction methods, and solved by a two-stage robust optimization algorithm. The results show that the proposed method can effectively mitigate the impact of source-load uncertainty on the configuration and operation planning of the integrated energy system, which is expected to provide new ideas for the construction and operation of integrated energy systems in the future.

Key words: source-load uncertainty, integrated energy system, two-stage robust optimization, hydrogen energy, fuel cell

中图分类号:

TM732

李建林, 张则栋, 梁策, 曾飞. 计及源-荷不确定性的综合能源系统多目标鲁棒优化调度[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(2): 175-185.

LI Jianlin, ZHANG Zedong, LIANG Ce, ZENG Fei. Multi-Objective Robustness of Integrated Energy System Considering Source-Load Uncertainty[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(2): 175-185.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

表2

储能设备参数

储能类型	自损耗率/%	最大充能速率	最大放能速率	充能效率/%	放能效率/%	SOC 最大值/%	SOC 最小值/%	初始投资费用	折现时间/a	运行维护费用
电储能	0.1	0.32 $C B E S S B$	0.32 $C B E S S B$	97	98	95	10	1 600元/kW	12	0.035元/(kW·h)
热储能	0.6	0.4 $C H S T B$	0.4 $C H S T B$	94	95	95	10	450元/kW	20	0.028元/kW
氢储能	0.1	0.45 $C H T B$	0.45 $C H T B$	98	99	95	10	313元/m³	18	0.056元/m³

表2

表3

电源设备参数

电源设备	产电效率/%	产热效率/%	产氢效率/%	最大运行功率/kW	最大爬坡约束/ (kW·h^-1)	初始投资费用/ (元·kW^-1)	折现时间/a	运行维护费用/ (元·kW^-1)
燃料电池	58	22	-	0.95 $C F C B$	0.25 $C F C B$	4 000	21	0.102
电解槽	-	-	60	0.96 $C E L B$	0.3 $C E L B$	6 000	15	0.122
电锅炉	-	95	-	0.95 $C E B B$	0.25 $C E B B$	550	15	0.096

表3

表4

表5

表6

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

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方案	考虑因素
方案	碳交易	源-荷极端环境	燃料电池电能	燃料电池热能
1	-	-	-	-
2	√	-	-	-
3	√	√	√	-
4	√	√	√	√

时段	购电电价	售电电价
0:00—7:00, 10:00—12:00, 21:00—24:00	0.38	0.33
7:00—8:00, 12:00—14:00, 16:00—21:00	0.96	0.83
8:00—10:00, 14:00—16:00	1.30	1.13

方案	光伏电池/kW	风电机组/kW	燃料电池/kW	电解槽/m³	电锅炉/kW	电储能/ (kW·h)	热储能/ (kW·h)	氢储能/ m³
S1	59 800	70 230	0	5 212	23 950	59 500	45 500	32 620
S2	62 500	70 650	0	5 320	24 250	61 220	45 000	34 620
S3	69 800	90 230	7 002	2 025	22 850	62 600	51 000	39 800
S4	70 000	90 740	7 017	2 041	21 060	62 500	50 000	40 000

方案	设备年值成本	运维成本	弃能惩罚成本	交互收益	碳排成本	FC收益
S1	2 407.04	22.76	6.96	40.58	0	0
S2	2 461.67	21.56	5.31	48.32	3.94	0
S3	2 651.47	19.27	0	36.50	3.74	1.87
S4	2 637.67	18.92	0	38.27	3.67	2.21