等效电路模型法预测动态工况下微型直接甲醇燃料电池剩余使用寿命

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.072

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (10): 1575-1584.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.072

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

等效电路模型法预测动态工况下微型直接甲醇燃料电池剩余使用寿命

苏雨临¹, 连冠², 张大骋¹^,³()

1.昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院,昆明 650500
2.云南省建筑工程设计院有限公司,昆明 650000
3.云南省绿色能源与数字电力量测及控保重点实验室,昆明 650500

收稿日期:2023-03-03 修回日期:2023-04-24 接受日期:2023-05-29 出版日期:2024-10-28 发布日期:2024-11-01
通讯作者: 张大骋,副教授;E-mail:dacheng.zhang@kust.edu.cn.
作者简介:苏雨临(1998—),硕士生,从事燃料电池可靠性研究.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62103174);云南省应用基础研究计划(202201AT070107)

Equivalent Circuit Model-Based Prognostics for Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Under Dynamic Operating Conditions

SU Yulin¹, LIAN Guan², ZHANG Dacheng¹^,³()

1. Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
2. Yunnan Architectural Engineering Design Co., Ltd., Kunming 650000, China
3. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Energy, Electric Power Measurement Digitalization, Control and Protection, Kunming 650500, China

Received:2023-03-03 Revised:2023-04-24 Accepted:2023-05-29 Online:2024-10-28 Published:2024-11-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微型直接甲醇燃料电池(μDMFC)具有能量密度高、可便携使用、快速补能以及环境友好等优点.然而,由于膜电极在电化学反应中会退化,μDMFC的有效使用寿命有限,所以需要对其健康状态与剩余使用寿命进行评估,为燃料电池改性和控制策略提供决策支持.在结合数据驱动和机理模型预测方法的基础上,针对动态运行工况,提出一种基于等效电路模型(ECM)的μDMFC剩余使用寿命预测方法.在燃料电池的性能退化指标中,电池输出电压可以被实时监测从而获得电池的退化趋势,但这一指标无法单独提供精确的预测结果.通过测量电化学阻抗谱并结合ECM可以得到电池内部阻抗等深层信息,但这些深层信息不易被实时监测,通常只能低频离线测量.此外,燃料电池在实际应用中多处于变工况状态,其退化趋势和使用寿命受工作环境影响,传统基于电压退化趋势回归的预测方法无法应对工况的动态变化.因此,可通过定期离线获取内部退化参量建立预测模型.实验结果表明:与传统数据驱动的方法相比,基于内部退化参量的预测方法能更好地适应变工况环境,在燃料电池剩余使用寿命预测中具有更好的性能.

关键词: 直接甲醇燃料电池, 等效电路模型, 电化学阻抗谱, 动态工况, 剩余使用寿命

Abstract:

Micro direct methanol fuel cell (μDMFC) has the advantages of high energy density, portable use, fast replenishment, and eco-friendliness. However, the practical service life of μDMFC is often limited due to the deterioration of membrane electrode assembly in electrochemical reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the health status and remaining useful life (RUL) of the cell to provide decision-making support for fuel cell characteristic modification and control strategy. Considering the pros and cons of data-driven and model-based methods, an RUL prediction method for μDMFC based on equivalent circuit model (ECM) is proposed. Among the degradation indicators of μDMFC, the cell output voltage can be monitored in real time to obtain the degradation trend. However, this indicator cannot provide accurate prediction results alone under dynamic operating conditions. Deeper-level information, such as the internal impedance, can be obtained by investigating the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), but such in-depth information is difficult to be monitored in real time and can only be measured offline at low frequencies. Moreover, fuel cells are usually under dynamic operating conditions in practical applications, so their degradation and service life are affected by the operating conditions. Traditional output voltage regression-based prediction methods cannot cope with dynamic changes in operation. Therefore, the prediction model can be built through scheduled offline measurement of internal degradation indicators. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional data-driven method, the prediction method based on the internal EIS characterization can better adapt to the variable operating conditions and has a superior performance in RUL predictions.

Key words: direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), equivalent circuit model (ECM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dynamic operating conditions, remaining useful life (RUL)

中图分类号:

TM912

苏雨临, 连冠, 张大骋. 等效电路模型法预测动态工况下微型直接甲醇燃料电池剩余使用寿命[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(10): 1575-1584.

SU Yulin, LIAN Guan, ZHANG Dacheng. Equivalent Circuit Model-Based Prognostics for Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Under Dynamic Operating Conditions[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(10): 1575-1584.

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参考文献 22

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WLTC工况	工况占比/%	输出功率/kW	实验负载电流/A
加速	30.94	35	0.093
匀速	27.83	21	0.030
低速	28.56	10	0.011
空档	12.67	0	0

日期	E_r/V	R₁/Ω	R₂/Ω	R₃/Ω	L₁/μH	L₂/H	CPE₁/ (S·sⁿ)	CPE₂/ (S·sⁿ)
2021-11-23	0.725	0.575	3.310	2.770	1.130	8.39	0.362	0.575
2021-12-21	0.712	0.735	4.930	2.520	0.990	7.27	0.298	0.612
2022-03-14	0.600	0.564	3.970	2.240	1.040	10.40	0.345	0.479
2022-04-06	0.550	0.648	4.150	1.990	1.210	13.40	0.341	0.488

模型	α_t/%	β_t/%
1	72.61	42.11
2	86.56	73.68

等效电路模型法预测动态工况下微型直接甲醇燃料电池剩余使用寿命

Equivalent Circuit Model-Based Prognostics for Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Under Dynamic Operating Conditions

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