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Table of Content

    30 October 2013, Volume 47 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Mathematical sciences and chemical
    Numerical Analysis of Fluid-structure Interaction Vibration for Plate
    HU Shilianga,LU Chuanjinga,b,HE Youshenga,b
    2013, 47 (10):  1487-1493. 
    Abstract ( 1123 )   Save
    A numerical approach of a fluidstructure coupling with closely coupled algorithm was used to simulate the coupling motion between the fluid and the flexible plate. The fluid, which was modeled by the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, was simulated by the finite volume method. The structure was described by the equation of the elastodynamics in Lagrangian representation, and was simulated using finite element approach. In order to satisfy the coupling interfacial boundary condition, the date transfer and interpolation was performed via the interface of the fluid and structure several times within one time step. The free oscillation of elastic plane in resting fluid and the VIV of flat plane behind the square head was calculated, and the amplitude and frequency of the plate vibration and the hydrodynamic load on the plate were monitored. The validity of the coupling method used in this paper was verified by comparing it with the previous work. Meanwhile, the influence of material parameters on fluidstructure interaction motion was analyzed. It was noted that larger viscosity of fluid damps had a more significant influence on the vibration amplitude of the plate more obviously. And with the increase of fluid density, the attenuation velocity of the vibration increased, while the frequency decreased. When the structure had low natural frequency, the amplitude and frequency of the coupling motion would also be small.
     
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    Internal Solitary Wave Loadsand and Its Theoretical Model for a Tension Leg Platform
    HUANG Wenhao,YOU Yunxiang,WANG Jingyu,HU Tianqun
    2013, 47 (10):  1494-1502. 
    Abstract ( 1100 )   Save
    A series experiments were conducted to investigate interaction characteristics of internal solitary waves with a tension leg platform in a large-scale gravity type density stratified tank. Based on KdV(Korteweg-de Vries), eKdV(extended KdV) and MCC(Miyata-Choi-Camassa) theories for internal solitary waves in a two-layer fluid, a theoretical model was established for predicting the internal solitary wave loads on a tension leg platform, Besides the applicability conditions for these internal solitary wave theories were presented in order to apply such a load model. It is shown that the horizontal load on the tension leg platform due to the internal solitary wave consists of two parts which are the drag and inertial forces on the vertical column and caisson, and these two forces can be calculated by the Morison formula, while the vertical load is mainly the vertical Froude-Krylov force which can be calculated by integrating the dynamic pressure along with the bottom of the columns, as well as the upper and lower surfaces of all caissons. A series experimental results show that the drag coefficient in the Morison formula follows some exponential function relationships with the Reynolds, while the inertial force coefficient follows power function relationships with KC(Keulegan-Carpenter) numbers. Moreover, the numerical results based on the theoretical predicting model have good agreement with the experimental ones. This research provides a practical theoretical model based on the series of experimental results for predicting internal solitary wave loads on tension leg platforms.
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    Measurement of Dynamic Properties of  Rubber under Hydrostatic Pressure by Water-filled Acoustic Tube
    HUANG Xiuchanga,ZHU Beilia,HU Penb,HUA Hongxinga
    2013, 47 (10):  1503-1508. 
    Abstract ( 1160 )   Save
    A method for measurement of the dynamic properties of rubber under high hydrostatic pressure by water-filled acoustic tube was proposed based on the simplified analytical expression of equivalent complex wavenumber for wave propagation in the sample with evenly spaced cylindrical tunnel cavities, as well as measurement and solution of this wavenumber in the water-filled acoustic tube. Two types of samples, named the uniform solid structure and the structure with evenly spaced cylindrical tunnel cavities were made. The longitudinal wavenumber and complex equivalent wavenumber for the samples were  obtained and used to calculate the dynamic properties. A piece of rubber was tested under atmospheric pressure and hydrostatic pressure. The influence of hydrostatic pressure was analyzed and error analysis was performed. The absorption coefficients of one acoustic coating under hydrostatic pressure were tested and compared with the simulation results by the finite element method using the measured dynamic properties, which demonstrates that the method can produce accurate results and is a potential method for testing the dynamic properties of rubber under high hydrostatic pressure.
     
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    Correlation of Position of Taylor Bubble Formation in Cryogenic Tube
    LIU Yipeng1,WANG Pingyang1,LIN Shuainan1,ZHAO Xianlin2,DU Zhaohui1
    2013, 47 (10):  1509-1514. 
    Abstract ( 1191 )   Save
    The formation process of Taylor bubble caused by the heat leak in cryogenic tubes was investigated using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique and high speed camera. A correlation for Taylor bubble formation was developed with the consideration of turbulence suppression, tube inner diameter, fluid properties and inclination angle, etc. The predicted value of the position of Taylor bubble formation has a maximum error of ±7.9% compared with the experimental data in present study, and a maximum error of ±20% compared with the experimental data from the reference.
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    Computation of Target Strength of the Steel Fish Vessels and the Influence of Water Surface
    WANG Xinning1,2,FAN Jun1
    2013, 47 (10):  1515-1519. 
    Abstract ( 836 )   Save

    A new Planar Element Method based on the imagesource method was developed to calculate the target strength of vessels on the water surface. According to “Blueprint gallery of Chinese steel fish vessel” published by the Ministry of Agriculture, the 3D digital model for six kind of different size fish vessels was established by using UG software. The results can provide references for the design of naval ships.

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    Influence of Cell Movement on Its Chemical Environment in Microchannels
    JI Lina,HU Yandong,LI Peiye
    2013, 47 (10):  1520-1524. 
    Abstract ( 761 )   Save
    The microfluidic technology can produce temporal and spatial stable concentration gradient, which benefits quantitative investigation of living cell chemotaxis. To date, the study of chemotactic effect normally neglected the cell volume and the impact of cell motion. In this paper, the impact of a moving sphere cell on the concentration field was investigated by changing the Peclet number, the velocity of cell and the direction of movements. Results show that the deviation of the maximum concentration difference around a moving cell and a stationary cell at the same spot is close to a constant after a certain time. The maximum concentration difference around a moving cell can be replaced by that of a stationary cell with corrections. This conclusion is valuable to further quantitative chemotactic research.
     
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    Numerical Analysis of Effects of Wave, Current and Free Surface on Hydrodynamics of Sea-crossing Bridge and Tunnel Prefab Elements
    ZHANG Yongtao1,FU Huiping2,YANG Yanhua1
    2013, 47 (10):  1525-1531. 
    Abstract ( 1012 )   Save
    In order to improve the computation efficiency of floating transportation drag of the caisson and immersed canal either in static water or in current and waves, a few CFD methods such as the double model method, VOF method including steady and unsteady methods, and numerical wave generation method were studied based on general CFD codes StarCCM+ and FLUENT and further development of FLUENT, which were used to discuss the effects of wave, current, free surface and inflow angle on the floating transportation drag. It is shown that for immersed canal in static water, the free surface can be neglected, while for caisson it cannot; for caisson with inner concavity, unsteady VOF method is necessary since steady method can conceal the sloshing of inner fluid due to the initial velocity.
     
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    Turbulent Boundary Layer Testing Technique over a Solid Surface under Water
     
    HU Haibao,DU Peng,SONG Dong,WANG Ying,HUANG Suhe
    2013, 47 (10):  1532-1536. 
    Abstract ( 1013 )   Save
    Based on the hot wire anemometry system, an experiment for turbulent boundary layer testing technique over a solid surface under water was conducted. Several feasible methods for improvement of testing were provided, such as realization of stable low speed flow, pressurization of water probe and the distance measurement between probe and solid surface, etc. A gravitational low speed flume system was designed, which could realize continuous water flow of 0 to 1.0 m/s, and the turbulent intensity was no more than 2.5%. The pressurization under 3m waterhead was obtained by using the probe pole and two-layer pressurization cushion. Based on the angle measurement of an optical theodolite, a length measurement method was acquired whose measuring error was less than 0.3%. In place of experimental measurement, the friction coefficient was calculated using the Prantl-Nikuradse experiential equation. The results indicate that this technique is capable of measuring turbulent boundary layer over a solid surface under water precisely.
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    Movement of Tunnel between Two Adjacent Concurrent Excavations
    ZHANG Kang-han, CHEN Jin-jian, WANG Jian-hua, DU Yi
    2013, 47 (10):  1537-1541.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2013.10.009
    Abstract ( 895 )   HTML ( 700 )   PDF (437KB) ( 463 )   Save

    Closely constructed excavations will influence the stress and deformation of adjacent existing underground structures. In this paper, the non-linear numerical analysis of plane finite element was applied to predict the movement of a construction of foundation pit in Shanghai to verify its applicability. Parametric studies were performed to investigate the influence of width of pits and the distance of the two pits on deformation of soil between two excavations. The relationship of optimal distance between excavations and the width of excavations was derived. The influence of the distance between the tunnel and the excavation on the deformation of tunnel was also analyzed. The results show that the settlement of shield tunnel is less than that of its neighboring soil. The shallow tunnel heaves during the excavation. The amount of heave is reduced for the tunnel more distant away from the excavation.

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    Architechural Science
    Single Shear Plate Connections between Rectangular Tubular Columns and H-shaped Beams
    ZHANG Longa,LI Guoqiangb,LU Yea,LIU Yushua
    2013, 47 (10):  1542-1547. 
    Abstract ( 950 )   Save
    This paper analyzed the performance of the single shear plate connections between rectangular tubular columns and Hshaped beams, mainly focusing on the effect of the connection on the RHS(Rectangular Hollow Section) column wall. A design principle for this connection was derived based on the theoretical calculation model established. Experiment and FEM analysis of this connection were conducted to check the accuracy of the design system and investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the connection. Then, the design formula suitable for engineers and designers was summarized.
     
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    Seepage Pressure Neural Network Monitoring Model for  High Slope Considering the effect of Rainfall
    HUANG Ming1,LIU Jun2
    2013, 47 (10):  1548-1551. 
    Abstract ( 785 )   Save
    In order to describe the seepage pressure regular pattern of high slope affected by rainfall, and get to know its safety state, integral rainfall factor was presented into these analysis. The monitoring model frame based on Radial basis function (RBF) artificial neural network was constructed considering the integral rainfall factor. RBF centers were confirmed by the fuzzy cmeans algorithm (FCM) with the observed data. Application shows that the integral rainfall factor can effectively reflect the rainfall effect, and the monitoring model achieve good training and forecasting results.
     
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    Vibration Response Analysis of the Short Floating Slab Track System ——Board Structure Parameters
    WANG Yingyi1,LIU Xuewen2,HUANG Xingchun1
    2013, 47 (10):  1552-1556. 
    Abstract ( 995 )   Save
    By using the self-programmed Vehicle-Structure Dynamic Analysis Program(VSDAP), starting from vibration response, and taking into consideration transfer characteristics of the short floating slab, the influence of physical parameters  of the short floating slab board track structure on the whole system was studied, including the vibration of vehicle structure, track structure and basic structure. The results show that an additional value can be obtained by a given recommended interval as two set of mass ratio coefficient, damping ratio and stiffness ratio remain unchanged. With the increase of stiffness coefficient,  the maximum of  resonance transfer rate decreases but the cutoff frequency increases; the maximum of  vibration acceleration of the vehicle decreases, while the vibration amplitude of the floating slab decreases, but the bridge vibration intensifies. As the damping ratio increases, the resonance and its maximum transfer rate dropping speed become slower. When the damping ratio reaches a certain value, the effect on vibration isolation almost disappears.
     
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    Mathematical sciences and chemical
    Application of Geo-Investigation to Songjiang Ancient Wall Based on Surface Wave Survey and Array Microtremor Observation
    CHEN Menga,b,FENG Shaokonga,CHE Ailana,b,YU Chunpinga
    2013, 47 (10):  1557-1561. 
    Abstract ( 903 )   Save
    This paper discussed the algorithms of dispersion analysis for both high density surface wave survey and array microtremor observation and derived a unified expression of objective function for dispersion analysis. This unified expression made it possible us to joint analyze the two kinds of exploration data to obtain dispersion data from high frequency to low frequency, and estimate the shear wave velocity structure from the surface to depth by dispersion inversion. This method was applied to the geo-investigation of Songjiang Ancient Wall. The survey result provides a subsurface structure model to 40 m deep for earthquake response analysis, and proves that this method is simple and rapid, with good resolution and deep survey depth.
     
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    Architechural Science
    Analysis of Defects of Pile Shaft for Parallel Seismic Test
    DU Ye1,2,CHEN Longzhu1,ZHANG Jingyi1,YANG Yu3,MA Ye3
    2013, 47 (10):  1562-1568. 
    Abstract ( 1323 )   Save
    Based on Snell’s law for simplified pile-soil models, a series of formulae of time-versus-depth relations of the first-arrival of P wave in the parallel seismic test (PST) were derived and a reasonable method for determination of pile defects was proposed in this paper. An axisymmetric finite element model of a single defected pile in saturated soil was used to simulate the PST. The location, length and Pwave velocity of the defect in the pile shaft as well as the pile length were analyzed with the method presented. The results proved the application potential of the method proposed this paper, which is worth of further verification by field tests.
     
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    An Evaluation Method and Application of Mechanical Parameters of Fractured Rock Mass
    LI Ke1,2,WANG Yingyi3,HUANG Xingchun3
    2013, 47 (10):  1569-1573. 
    Abstract ( 805 )   Save
    A two-stage evaluation method was proposed to obtain the values of mechanical parameters of the fractured rock mass. The isotropy and anisotropy state of the fractured rock mass was evaluated through the three-dimensional distribution of mechanical parameters, and two types of calculation models were adopted respectively; the KolmogorovSmirnov (K-S) test was used in hypothesis testing of the probability distribution model of mechanical parameters, and the confidence interval of the data which has passed the hypothesis test was determined, so that calculated parameters could be obtained within the given confidence interval range. A case of excavation simulation for an underground chamber engineering project was conducted using this method. The result indicates that the calculated displacement values agree well with the measured values.
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    Application of High-Density Rayleigh-Wave Exploration to Evaluaton of Rockfill Density
    WANG Qiannian1,CHE Ailan1,FENG Shaokong1,SHOU Chen2
    2013, 47 (10):  1574-1579. 
    Abstract ( 1021 )   Save
    In order to clarify the detection index and evaluation standard for evaluation of the density of rockfill using high-density Rayleigh-wave exploration, a series of 2-D FEM models with different density of rockfill based on typical function layer were established. The Rayleigh-wave exploration was simulated to obtain the relationship between propagation velocity in rockfill with different density and density of rockfill by frequency-wave number analysis. Besides, the highdensity Rayleigh-wave exploration is applied to the investigation of the Wusong Jetty in Shanghai. The data acquisition and analysis method were introduced in detail. The distribution of velocity with depth was obtained by dispersion and inversion analysis. Finally, the spatial distribution of density was evaluated according to the relationship between velocity and density of rockfill.
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    Response of Seabed to Cnoidal Waves
    XU Yun-feng, XIA Xiao-he, WANG Jian-hua, CHEN Jin-jian
    2013, 47 (10):  1580-1584.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2013.10.017
    Abstract ( 1077 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (320KB) ( 496 )   Save

    The water pressure on the surface of the seabed was obtained with the cnoidal wave theory usually employed in coastal regions to analyze the interaction between the structures and waves. Dynamic responses induced by the cnoidal water waves in seabed sediments were investigated with numerical methods. Parametric studies were conducted to indicate the influences of the elastic constants, seepage characteristics and the compressibility of the pore water in analytical and numerical calculations. The results show that the excess pore pressures are extensively affected by the compressibility of the pore water and the seepage coefficient, whereas the anisotropy of the soil permeability has little impact on the pore pressure. The shear modulus and the Poisson's ratio used in the calculation also have some effect on the response of the seabed.

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    Astronomy,Geoscience
    Improved Ant Colony Optimization for Accelerations of Equal-length Paths of Riser Re-entry
    WANG Shengwei,XU Xuesong,YAO Baoheng,LIAN Lian
    2013, 47 (10):  1585-1590. 
    Abstract ( 712 )   Save

    Based on the dynamic analysis of free-hanging risers, an improved Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) was proposed for optimizations of accelerations of equallength paths. Via the improved ACO, an optimized motion scheme for the upper end was obtained. Under the optimized motion scheme, the distance from the lower end to wellhead was effectively decreased and the re-entry took less time, which made the re-entry operation more convenient. In this paper, the different dynamic response and riser shape changes under optimized motion scheme and ordinary motion scheme were compared. The results demonstrate that the motion optimizations of the improved ACO is effective, and the optimized motion scheme obtained via improved ACO could make the re-entry more convenient.

     
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    Communication and Transportation
    Development of a Novel FPSO Dry Tree System
    JI Chunqun
    2013, 47 (10):  1591-1596. 
    Abstract ( 899 )   Save
    This paper discusses the development of a novel FPSO dry tree system by using a moored column-buoy connected to a ship shaped vessel.  The new system has a potential industry market compared with the traditional turret moored FPSO for deepwater offshore development, in particular for remote and deepwater locations where other pipeline infrastructure does not exist. The novel system is a Buoy Moored Floating Production Storage and Offloading system (BMFPSO). It uses a column-buoy instead of the turret in a conventional FPSO design for both internal and external turret system.  Similar to the turret, the column-buoy allows the vessel to weather vane about the column-buoy.  In addition, the vessel can move in vertical direction relative to the column-buoy. Thus the vertical motion of the column-buoy is de-coupled from the FPSO hull motion. The buoy will have a relatively small heave motion allowing the use of proven top tensioned riser technology. The motion characteristics of the system make it operable in a wide range of environmental conditions.
     
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    Analytical Solution to Wave Diffraction by a Hemisphere
    ZHOU Huawei1,ZHANG Hongsheng1,2
    2013, 47 (10):  1597-1600. 
    Abstract ( 1134 )   Save
     Based on the linear potential theory, an analytical solution is presented to study the diffraction problem of a hemisphere on the surface of water with infinite depth. The incident wave potential in the spherical coordinate system was proposed and the method of multipole expansion was employed to obtain the diffraction wave potential in the form of infinite series of the associated Legendre functions with the unknown coefficients which could be determined by solving a set of linear equations from the body boundary condition. The wave exciting force acting on the hemisphere was calculated and the results were compared with those from the Haskind relationship and some numerical results from the published literature.
     
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    Selection of Commute Trip Timing and Mode
    XIANYU Jianchuan1,2a,JUAN Zhicai1,ZHU Taiying2b
    2013, 47 (10):  1601-1605. 
    Abstract ( 1388 )   Save
    The selection of trip timing and mode are two critical decisions of each commuters’ daily travelling behavior. Since there are significant differences in observed home-work departure time distributions by different mode of commute, this paper provides an integrated treatment of commute mode and time of day explicitly considering the influence of mode selection on departure time selection. In this paper the joint model of mode selection and homework trip timing is estimated using a discrete-continuous econometric model, which allows for unrestricted correlation between the unobserved factors influencing the two decisions. Strong correlations between unobserved factors influencing mode selection and trip timing are found. Furthermore the estimated model proves that age, gender, household member structure, activity and travel characteristics of the commuter are all important influencing factors for the two decisions. These findings have important implications for commuter travel behavior analysis and transportation managemnet.
     
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    Construction of a Testing and Monitoring System in the Hauling of Immersed Tube Tunnel
    GUO Qiang1,LIANG Zhiwei2
    2013, 47 (10):  1606-1610. 
    Abstract ( 1002 )   Save
    This paper regarded the tube hauling process as a system involving its circumstance, and analyzed the data processing, system frame construction, the relevant arithmetic and the realization of  the mathematical simulation, route optimization, risk prediction in the tube hauling process.  The methods proposed in the paper were used in practical engineering and its feasibility, correctness and superiority were verified.
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    Coupling Analysis of FEM/DEM for Whole Failure Process of Rock Slope and Its Engineering Application
    YU Shaoqiu1,TANG Hua2
    2013, 47 (10):  1611-1615. 
    Abstract ( 1844 )   Save

    It is difficult to simulate the whole process of rock slope deformation and failure, however, it is very necessary to do so in practical engineering. With the help of the FEM/DEM, the integrated single and smeared crack mode was adopted to analyze the initiation and propagation of the rock mass. Then, this model was checked by Brazilian disk splitting tests. Finally, a typical slope of Luo-Fu Highway was analyzed using the procedure. In case of storm and earthquake, partial slide or overall slide happens. In case of storm, partial slide happens; however, in case of both storm and earthquake, overall slide happens.

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    Others
    Effect of Illumination and Color Temperature of Lighting on Human Thermoregulation
    SHI Lu
    2013, 47 (10):  1616-1620. 
    Abstract ( 1235 )   Save
    This paper studied the effects of indoor lighting illuminant on human thermoregulation at different air temperature. 8 student-volunteers participated in this experiment in an artificial climate chamber. The experimental conditions consisted of 8 effectors provided by a combinations of 2 levels of air temperature(18 °C and 30 °C),2 levels of color temperature (3 000 K and 6 000 K) and 2 levels of illuminance (300 lx and  1000 lx). The rectal temperature, mean skin temperature and skin blood flow were recorded under each condition for 60 min. The results showed that at both  high and low air temperatures, when exposed at  low color temperature lighting, the rectal temperature was   higher than high color temperature, but at a lower temperature, the mean skin temperature and skin blood flow were higher than low color temperature lighting. Under different ambient temperature, illumination plays a certain role for human thermal regulation. During the high ambient temperature, it is appropriate to use of high color temperature lighting, and vice versa. Therefore, the selection of a proper color temperature lighting is of great importance for human beings in different environmental temperatures.
     
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    Radiao Electronics, Telecommunication Technology
    A Novel Underwater Electromechanical Docking Technology for Underwater Self-reconfigurable Robot
    WU Chao,ZHUANG Guangjiao,LIU Jianmin,GE Tong,WU Xiaohui
    2013, 47 (10):  1621-1625. 
    Abstract ( 958 )   Save
    This paper presented a novel underwater electromechanical docking technology used on the underwater self-reconfigurable robot. The multi-jaw mechanical device and oil seal method were applied, which realized reliable mechanical and electrical connection. The robotic inverse kinematics was studied in joint coordinated control, which was used for tracking the end module while docking. The signal optimization algorithm for photoelectric sensors was applied to assist underwater docking. The underwater docking device and prototype of underwater selfreconfigurable robot based on the device were developed. The application on USR verified the validity of the technology.
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    Multistep-Ahead Independent Prediction of Nonlinear Time Series Based on Independent Model
    YANG Zhenming1,YUE Jiguang1,WANG Xiaobao2,XIAO Yunshi1
    2013, 47 (10):  1626-1631. 
    Abstract ( 1129 )   Save
    A multistep-ahead independent prediction approach of nonlinear time series was proposed. The step-by-step recurrent approach and the independent approach were compared, and the influence of accumulative error on the performance of multistep-ahead prediction was analyzed. The recurrent neural network (RNN) was used to realize the independent prediction approach, and the predictive model of urban rail transit is built, trained and tested by MATLAB. The predictive results showed that the error of independent prediction was smaller than that of step-by-step recurrent approach. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach were analyzed.
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    Others
    Relationship between Supply Chain Quality Management and Performance of Food Companies
    HONG Jiangtao,NIE Qing,QIU Ting
    2013, 47 (10):  1632-1637. 
    Abstract ( 849 )   Save
    This paper builds the research framework of the influence of supply chain quality management on the performance of food enterprise. To test and verify the relationship between supply chain quality management and enterprise performance in food industry, it uses case study including data collected from four targeted food enterprises by questionnaire. The result shows that food enterprises clearly realize the importance of supply chain quality management in improving enterprise performance and put it into practice. Besides, food supply chain quality management plays a positive role in enterprise performance. In addition, process quality management and quality detection technology application have more obvious impact on enterprise performance compared to others.
     
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    Strategies of Financing for Supply Chains Based on Suppliers’ Buy-back Guarantee
    WANG Wenli1,2,LUO Jianwen1,ZHANG Qinhong1
    2013, 47 (10):  1638-1642. 
    Abstract ( 1079 )   Save
    Suppliers’ buy-back guarantee can prompt the risk-averse bank to boost the loan limit to capital-constrained retailers, which can enhance the  purchasing power of retailers and increase the performance of supply chain. The optimal operational and financing strategies of retailers were studied, and the impact of the  risk averse degree of the bank and the  buy-back price of the supplier on the decisions of the supply chain were analyzed under the  downside risk control of the bank and the buy-back guarantee of the supplier. It is shown that the  downside risk control of the bank is equal to the loan limit control and the loan limit is increasing in the buy-back price of the supplier. It is also shown that there exists a threshold about the buy-back price such that the  ordering decision of the retailer is influenced by the  risk control of the bank only when the buy-back price of the supplier is lower than the threshold. Finally, the numerical study was given to analyze the optimal pricing problem of the supplier.
     
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    Measurement of CO2 Embodied in International Trade in China ——Based on Noncompetitive Inputoutput Model
    XU Yuan1,GU Haiying1,LI Nan2
    2013, 47 (10):  1643-1648. 
    Abstract ( 1039 )   Save
    This paper measures accurately the CO2 embodied in international trade in China from 1995 to 2005 by constructing a non-competitive input-output model. The study shows that Chinese export brought about 1/4 to 1/3 of CO2 emissions in production while import fulfilled 1/5~1/4 of CO2 emissions in consumption. The proportion of CO2 embodied in Chinese net export of those in production increases gradually. China has shared a great deal of CO2 emissions for foreign countries. In addition, China has saved more and more CO2 because of import of intermediate input. From the perspective of industry structure, China’s foreign trade facilitates CO2 emissions reduction and the pollution terms of trade become slightly better, but the contribution for foreign trade to CO2 emissions reduction decreased from 2 000. Therefore, in order to reduce the pressure of CO2 emission, China should control the scale of export and adjust the structure of international trade pertinently.
     
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    Application of Regional Collaborative Innovation Mode in Scientific Research Management in Colleges
    DAI Zhihua1,2,XIA Lu1
    2013, 47 (10):  1649-1654. 
    Abstract ( 1065 )   Save
    In view of the problems in scientific research management in colleges, this paper proposed a kind of regional collaborative innovation mode which was superior to the traditional mode based on the long-term scientific research management practice of a certain college which belongs to the “985” project university, and taking into consideration the regional collaborative innovation systems theory. The analysis of each scientific performance indicator from 2002 to 2011 showed that all the indicators increased steadily. With the transition from quantification assessment to fuzzy assessment, the rapid growth trend of scientific performance slowed down. However, scientific performance indicators improved, according to the results of International Assessment and China Discipline Ranking of the Ministry of Education. This paper provided policy suggestions for further improvement of scientific research performance.
     
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