Table of Content

28 January 2024, Volume 58 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

New Type Power System and the Integrated Energy

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Low-Carbon Operation Strategy of Integrated Energy System Based on User Classification ZHANG Chunyan, DOU Zhenlan, BAI Bingqing, WANG Lingling, JIANG Chuanwen, XIONG Zhan 2024, 58 (1):  1-10.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.321 Abstract ( 2291 )   HTML ( 36 )   PDF (1783KB) ( 391 )   Save Integrated energy system (IES) is an important means to achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”. However, different types of users in the system have different energy consumption behaviors, which makes the coordinated optimization and low-carbon operation of the integrated energy system more difficult. In order to give full play to the subjective initiative of users, the user behavior of the integrated energy system is modelled based on user behavior analysis, and users are classified into aggressive and conservative types by convolutional neural network (CNN). Then, the decision model of integrated energy system operator is constructed to determine the supply mode of electric heating energy, and the corresponding energy package is designed for different types of users. Finally, the effectiveness of the above models and methods is analyzed based on actual data, and the value of user classification in low-carbon operation of integrated energy systems is verified. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Green Energy Trading in Distribution Network Considering Credit Value WU Qing, JIA Qiangang, YAN Zheng, ZHONG Zhun, GUO Song, LI Zhiyong 2024, 58 (1):  11-18.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.130 Abstract ( 1180 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF (1504KB) ( 294 )   Save Developing distributed renewable energy is vital to energy system transformation, while organizing market trading will promote the production and consumption of distributed renewable energy. However, the uncertainty of renewable energy output causes deviations during market delivery, which threats the security of distribution system operation. It is still difficult for existing market-based trading mechanisms to motivate market players to reduce the deviations. Therefore, this paper gives guidance to the honest delivery behaviors of distributed green energy producers by quantifying credit costs. Considering the strategic bidding behaviors of distributed green energy producers, it establishes a market model taking the credit costs into account. Then, it proposed an iterative algorithm based on the optimal response theory to calculate the Nash equilibria of the green energy market. The results of the case study show that the market mechanism proposed can give guidance to the integrity behavior of green energy producers in an incentive-compatible way, reducing the delivery deviation while improving social welfare. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive Evaluation of Key Technologies in Power Internet of Things Based on Comprehensive Similarity of Cloud Model CHEN Lianfu, ZHONG Haiwang, TAN Zhenfei, RUAN Guangchun 2024, 58 (1):  19-29.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.420 Abstract ( 1940 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF (1954KB) ( 162 )   Save Currently, the comprehensive evaluation of the application of key technologies in the power Internet of Things (PIoT) has the characteristics of a single evaluation object, and the traditional evaluation methods are not applicable. In order to comprehensively evaluate the technology maturity and operational effectiveness of PIoT projects, a comprehensive evaluation index for key technologies in PIoT is established to comprehensively consider the different development stages. According to the characteristics of application scenario, an evaluation model based on the comprehensive similarity of cloud model is proposed. By reforming the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method, a decision matrix for a single evaluation object is constructed, and the shape-distance comprehensive similarity of the cloud model is used as a measure to characterize the relative closeness of the TOPSIS method, and the accurate evaluation of a single object is realized. Finally, the proposed method is applied to assess a PIoT demonstration project. The results show that the proposed comprehensive evaluation index and evaluation method can objectively and comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive application effect of each key technology in the construction and operation stages of PIoT. Figures and Tables | References | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reliability Index Calculation and Reserve Capacity Optimization Considering Multiple Uncertainties YE Lun, OUYANG Xu, YAO Jiangang, YANG Shengjie, YIN Jungang 2024, 58 (1):  30-39.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.366 Abstract ( 1918 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1413KB) ( 207 )   Save In power systems with a high proportion of renewable energy, to achieve coordinated optimal scheduling of source and load considering multiple uncertainties is an important issue in power system operation. Therefore, a probabilistic spinning reserve optimization model based on multiple scenarios is constructed. Multiple uncertain factors are considered in the model, such as wind power and solar power forecast errors, load forecast error and unscheduled generator outage. Renewable energy curtailment and load shedding are used as special reserve resources in the day-ahead security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) to improve the economic operation efficiency. The calculations of reliability indexes, expected energy not served and expected energy curtailment, are simplified, and the inequality constraints related to these two indexes are reduced, which improves the computational performance of the model. The model optimizes the total expected cost considering multiple uncertainties. Case studies based on the IEEE-RTS demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The numerical results show that the improved calculation method of reliability indexes can effectively reduce the solution time of the SCUC model. The reserve optimization model can realize the dynamic allocation of the spinning reserve capacity of the system and improve economic operation of the system. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fast Stability of New Power System Based on a PMU Gradient Dynamic Deviation Method YU Miao, HU Jingxuan, ZHANG Shouzhi, WEI Jingjing, SUN Jianqun, WU Yixiao 2024, 58 (1):  40-49.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.370 Abstract ( 1395 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (2171KB) ( 174 )   Save The high proportion of renewable energy and power electronic equipment is emerging as a significant trend and key characteristic of the power system development driven by the dual promotion of the energy transformation and scientific technological advancement. Major modifications have been made to the dynamic behavior of the new power system. The traditional small signal stability analysis approach is difficult to apply, and there are still urgent issues to be resolved for the quick change of operating conditions. In this paper, a Lyapunov direct analysis method of gradient dynamic deviation based on phasor measurement unit (PMU) data is proposed to analyze the small signal stability of the new power system. First, the PMU data matrix is used to reduce the dimension to obtain the low dimension matrix, which is substituted into the power system matrix model with a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). The diagonal matrix is obtained by solving the Lyapunov equation, and the positive definiteness of the matrix is determined to judge the system stability. Then, the dynamic deviation of corresponding state variable is calculated by solving the obtained diagonal matrix. The gradient descent method is applied to the corresponding state variable curve to iterate the extreme point value of curve. The time-weighted dynamic deviation of the whole oscillation process is calculated by time weighting, which provides guidance for the subsequent configuration position of damping stability controller, i.e., power system stabilizer (PSS). The method can improve the small interference stability of the system. The effectiveness of the fast stability analysis of the new power system is verified by simulations of the new England 10-machine 39-bus system with DFIG. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fully Distributed Economic Dispatch of Combined Heat and Power System Considering Individual Selfishness MI Yang, WU Jiwei, TIAN Shuxin, MA Siyuan, WANG Yufei 2024, 58 (1):  50-58.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.495 Abstract ( 1367 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1726KB) ( 164 )   Save In response to the defects of the traditional centralized economic dispatching strategy which needs to obtain global information and cannot adapt to the flexible topology of the system, and considering the coexistence of energy in the form of electricity and heat, a completely distributed cogeneration economic dispatching strategy based on the consistency algorithm is proposed. The incremental cost of electricity price and heat price of each unit in the cogeneration system is taken as the consistent variable to conduct the iterative calculation until the incremental cost converges to achieve the economic optimum of the system. In addition, the case of individual unit transmitting to neighboring units with deviating incremental cost values in order to enhance their own interests is also analyzed, and an incremental cost compensation term is designed to eliminate the impact of this selfish behavior. The simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy is effective and viable in the solution of the cogeneration economic dispatching problems. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Robust Evaluation Method of Integrated Energy System Based on Variable Step Simulation and Improved Entropy Weight Method FAN Hong, HE Jie, TIAN Shuxin 2024, 58 (1):  59-68.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.186 Abstract ( 1987 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (5076KB) ( 252 )   Save As an important manifestation of the energy Internet, the integrated energy system improves the energy utilization rate. However, it also brings more risks due to the high coupling and the large difference in the response speed between the various systems. From the perspective of system security, it becomes crucial to accurately identify the weak links in the system and evaluate the robustness of the system. Therefore, a robustness evaluation method combining variable step size simulation and improved entropy weight method is proposed in the complex network environment. First, the structure of the integrated energy system is introduced and the coupling links of the system are further explained. Then, the robustness indicators including network damage degree and connectivity factor are proposed, and a variable step according to the difference of the response time of different systems is adopted. Based on the simulation results, an improved entropy weight method is proposed, and a more objective evaluation method is constructed. Finally, the superiority of the evaluation method is verified by a case study. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Source-Load Matching Analysis and Optimal Planning of Wind-Solar-Thermal Coupled System Considering Renewable Energy Ramps XIA Qinqin, LUO Yongjie, WANG Rongmao, ZOU Yao, LUO Huanhuan, LI Jincan, ZHOU Niancheng, WANG Qianggang 2024, 58 (1):  69-81.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.260 Abstract ( 1448 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (3526KB) ( 167 )   Save Wind, photovoltaic, and thermal power generation can form a coupled system through the same grid-connected point, which is a high coordination and low-carbon approach of renewable energy and flexible regulating power source at generation side in northern China. By considering renewable energy ramps and source-load matching analysis, this paper studies the optimal capacity planning of a wind-solar-thermal coupled system to provide reference for coupled system planning. First, the operation model and the uncertainty method of coupled system are briefly described. Then, considering the wind-solar complementary, ramp events, and critical load characteristics, relevant indices are selected and proposed for source-load matching evaluation. After that, considering the constraints of source-load characteristics, matching, and cost, an optimal capacity planning model of wind-solar-thermal coupled system is established. Finally, based on the actual data in Liaoning Province, a case study is conducted to acquire the optimal capacity of the wind and solar generation in the area, and the interaction between the source-load relevant indices and the planning results is analyzed, which provides reference and suggestion for the optimal capacity planning of renewable energy generation. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Method for Carbon Emission Measurement and a Carbon Reduction Path of Urban Power Sector HU Zhuangli, LUO Yichu, CAI Hang 2024, 58 (1):  82-90.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.222 Abstract ( 2112 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (1670KB) ( 345 )   Save To measure and reduce carbon emissions in the urban power sector, a method for measuring carbon emissions in the urban power sector and a carbon reduction path are proposed. First, a carbon emission measurement model for the urban power sector is established based on the data of local power generation and net inward power. Then, carbon reduction measures for the urban power sector are proposed from the generation side, grid side, load side and energy storage side. After that, an evaluation model for the effect of the carbon reduction measures is established. Finally, taking a typical city F in the Pearl River Delta as an example, the proposed carbon emission calculation model is used to calculate the carbon emissions of power sector of the city, and the effectiveness of carbon reduction in 2030 carbon peak scenario of the city is evaluated based on the carbon reduction measures. The results show that the proposed model can accurately measure the carbon emissions of the urban power sector, and by utilizing carbon reduction measures, carbon emissions of the city can be reduced by at least 10.6 million tons in 2030. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Strategy of Wind-Storage Combined System Participating in Power System Secondary Frequency Regulation Based on Model Predictive Control LIU Chuanbin, JIAO Wenshu, WU Qiuwei, CHEN Jian, ZHOU Qian 2024, 58 (1):  91-101.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.217 Abstract ( 1687 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (2262KB) ( 256 )   Save With the increasing penetration of wind power in power grids, it is necessary for wind storage joint farms to participate in power grid frequency modulation to maintain frequency stability of the power grid. By analyzing the mechanical characteristics of the wind turbine and the operation characteristics of the energy storage system, this paper determines the adjustability of the wind turbine power output in the pitch angle load shedding operation mode, and proposes a control strategy for the wind farm with an energy storage system to participate in the secondary frequency regulation of the power grid based on model predictive control (MPC). It establishes a prediction model for pitch angle control of the wind farm and an electrochemical energy storage system, optimizing the active power output of the wind turbine and the energy storage system, and better reducing the wind energy loss based on frequency regulation. The pitch angle control is further corrected based on the difference between the active power command value of the superior system and the actual power output of the wind turbine, so that the wind turbine can better track the power command value of the superior system during secondary frequency regulation, quickly respond to the frequency changes, reduce the dynamic frequency deviation, avoid load rejection due to too low frequency drop, and complete the task of secondary frequency regulation. The simulation results show that under the control strategy proposed in this paper, the controllable secondary frequency regulation ability of the wind turbine and the characteristics of fast response and accurate tracking of the energy storage system are comprehensively considered, the active power command issued by the superior system is better tracked, and the task of the wind farm including the energy storage system participating in the secondary frequency regulation is realized. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Improved Magnetic Circuit-Motion Coupled Model and Fast Simulation of Direct-Acting Electromechanical Motion Device JIANG Peng, GUAN Zhenqun, ZHAO Guozhong, ZHANG Qun, QIN Zhiqiang 2024, 58 (1):  102-110.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.243 Abstract ( 2129 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (3985KB) ( 273 )   Save The rapid simulation of the dynamic performance of electromechanical devices such as solenoid valves and relays is important for product development and design. A magnetic circuit model of the non-saturated direct-acting electromechanical motion device is improved, and then coupled with the motion equation of the mechanism to realize the rapid simulation of the electromechanical motion device. In contrast to the ideal magnetic resistance in the conventional magnetic circuit model, the non-saturated total magnetic resistance is expressed by a cubic polynomial of the movement displacement of mechanism. The four undetermined coefficients of the polynomial are calibrated by the simulation values of static magnetic force and inductance at the upper and lower motion limits. The improved magnetic circuit model can more accurately predict the changes of magnetic attraction force and inductance with the motion displacement. Furthermore, coupled with the motion equation of the electromechanical motion device, the improved model establishes an improved magnetic circuit-motion coupled model and realizes fast second-level simulation of an electromagnetic brake and valve in the Simulink system, which can greatly reduce the finite element simulation time while maintaining simulation accuracy. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimal Reconfiguration Method for Thermoelectric Power Array Based on Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm YANG Bo, HU Yuanweiji, GUO Zhengxun, SHU Hongchun, CAO Pulin, LI Zilin 2024, 58 (1):  111-126.  doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.284 Abstract ( 2588 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (9997KB) ( 172 )   Save With the rapid development of new energy generation technology, the thermoelectric generation technology (TEG) can make good use of the waste heat generated in new energy generation. However, the change of temperature distribution will worsen the output characteristics and reduce the power generation efficiency of the TEG system. In this paper, a TEG array reconfiguration method based on the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is proposed. In three different temperature distributions, ABC is used for dynamic reconfiguration of symmetric 9×9 and unsymmetric 10×15 TEG arrays. Three meta-heuristic algorithms, the genetic algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the bald eagle search are compared with the proposed method, and the temperature distribution of the TEG array reconfiguration by ABC is given. The results show that ABC can improve the output power of the TEG array, and the output power-voltage curves tend to show a single peak value. In addition, real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiment based on the RTLAB platform is undertaken to verify the implementation feasibility. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics