Optimization Operation Strategy for Building-Based Virtual Power Plant Participation in Energy and Flexible Ramping Markets

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.191

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the rapidly growing demand for flexible ramping in power systems with the increasing penetration of renewable energy, an optimization operation strategy for a building-based virtual power plant (BVPP) is proposed to participate in energy and flexible ramping markets with the integration of demand-side flexible resources. First, flexible operation models for electric vehicle clusters and central air-conditioning systems are built to assess the flexible ramping supply capacity of the BVPP considering the physical characteristics of various devices within buildings, as well as environmental and human factors. Next, a day-ahead energy and flexible ramp market optimization operation model for BVPP is built based on conditional value-at-risk theory, considering the uncertainty in load and renewable energy output forecasts. Then, a risk effect factor is introduced and a revenue distribution mechanism within the BVPP is proposed based on a risk-modified Shapley method considering the impact of the risk preferences of BVPP on the revenue distribution among various entities. Finally, case studies are constructed to verify the economic and low-carbon advantages of the proposed BVPP market optimization operation strategy, as well as the rationality of the revenue distribution mechanism.

Key words: flexible resources, central air conditioning system (CACS), electric vehicles (EVs), conditional value-at-risk (CVaR), risk-modified Shapley method

CLC Number:

TM732

WU Kailang, LI Yinxiao, LI Li, ZHANG Qinglei, GUO Hongye. Optimization Operation Strategy for Building-Based Virtual Power Plant Participation in Energy and Flexible Ramping Markets[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(4): 604-616.

Figures/Tables 9

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运行状态	能量市场成本	爬坡市场收益	爬坡市场偏差成本	碳排放成本	总成本
合作运行前	23535.9	0	0	297.9	23834.0
合作运行后	21094.8	14033.1	6162.5	129.1	13358.1

风险偏好系数	收益分配/元			总收益/元
风险偏好系数	PV	EV集群	CACS	总收益/元
0.1	2327.9	1473.2	6674.6	10475.7
0.3	2327.8	1468.5	6634.3	10430.6
0.5	2324.7	1466.9	6610.5	10402.1

风险偏好系数	收益分配/元			总收益/元
风险偏好系数	PV	EV集群	CACS	总收益/元
0.1	2192.3	1541.0	6742.4	10475.7
0.3	2222.8	1521.0	6686.8	10430.6
0.5	2249.9	1504.3	6647.9	10402.1