低速大尺寸压气机静叶蜂窝与篦齿间隙泄漏流

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.280

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 486-498.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.280

低速大尺寸压气机静叶蜂窝与篦齿间隙泄漏流

邵润珠¹, 滕金芳¹(), 樊琳², 钟勇健³, 居振州², 朱铭敏¹

¹ 上海交通大学航空航天学院, 上海 200240
² 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司压气机部, 上海 200240
³ 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司先进技术部, 上海 200240

收稿日期:2024-07-12 修回日期:2024-08-07 接受日期:2024-09-04 出版日期:2026-03-28 发布日期:2026-03-30
通讯作者: 滕金芳,研究员,博士生导师,电话(Tel.):021-34206191;E-mail:tjf@sjtu.edu.cn.
作者简介:邵润珠(1994—),博士生,从事叶轮机械气动热力学研究.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51576124);国家自然科学基金(52076129)

Leakage Flow in Honeycomb-Labyrinth Seal Cavity in Stator of Low-Speed Research Compressor

SHAO Runzhu¹, TENG Jinfang¹(), FAN Lin², ZHONG Yongjian³, JU Zhenzhou², ZHU Mingmin¹

¹ School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
² Compressor Department, AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200240, China
³ Advanced Technology Department, AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200240, China

Received:2024-07-12 Revised:2024-08-07 Accepted:2024-09-04 Online:2026-03-28 Published:2026-03-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

压气机静叶根部内环蜂窝与轮盘篦齿形成封严容腔,腔内的间隙泄漏流对轴流压气机的气动性能产生重要影响.本文以低速大尺寸压气机前1.5级为研究对象,通过数值模拟讨论了蜂窝封严相较于光壁结构对压气机气动性能的影响以及在两种篦齿封严间隙下蜂窝封严结构的气动性能差异.性能计算结果表明:0.2 mm封严间隙下,使用蜂窝内环结构的压气机效率低于使用光壁内环的压气机,原因在于容腔泄流导致总温升高.容腔泄漏流特性对比及详细流场分析表明:蜂窝结构使得容腔泄漏流量和旋流角同时增加,容腔以及蜂窝内的气流产生强烈相互作用,从而形成更复杂的漩涡流动,使封严容腔和蜂窝内总温升高,最终导致压气机效率降低.使用蜂窝内环结构时,压气机效率会随封严间隙的减小而升高.零间隙蜂窝模型和0.2 mm间隙蜂窝模型相比,其总温比的下降导致等熵效率上升;零间隙模型泄漏流量和旋流角都大幅降低,综合导致泄漏流掺混损失基本相当;零间隙模型虽然由于间隙的减小使得泄漏流平均总温上升,但由于泄漏流量的大幅减少,压气机效率有所升高.研究结果揭示了在实际压气机中,不同间隙下静叶蜂窝与篦齿封严结构的泄漏流对性能的影响及其机理,并对蜂窝封严容腔的工程设计具有一定参考价值.

关键词: 低速大尺寸压气机, 蜂窝, 篦齿, 封严间隙, 泄漏流

Abstract:

The honeycomb at the inner band of a compressor stator and the labyrinth on the disk form a sealed cavity, in which the clearance leakage flow has a key impact on the aerodynamic performance of the axial flow compressor. In this paper, focusing on the first 1.5-stage of a low-speed research compressor, numerical simulations are conducted to compare the impact of honeycomb seal structure and slide wall on the aerodynamic performance of the compressor, as well as the performance changes of honeycomb seal structure under two different labyrinth seal clearance conditions. The performance calculation results show that the isentropic efficiency of the compressor equipped with the 0.2-mm-clearance honeycomb cavity model is slightly lower than that of the slide-wall cavity model, which is attributed to the elevated total temperature rise induced by the leakage flow inside the cavity. Comparative analysis of cavity leakage flow characteristics and detailed flow field investigation indicate that honeycomb structure induces a simultaneous increase in both the cavity leakage flow rate and swirl angle. A strong interaction is observed between the airflow within the cavity and the honeycomb structure, creating a complex vortex flow that significantly elevates the total temperature in both the seal cavity and the honeycomb itself. This temperature elevation ultimately leads to a reduction in compressor efficiency. In contrast, when the zero-clearance honeycomb model is compared with the 0.2-mm-clearance honeycomb model, the decreased total temperature ratio contributes to an improvement in isentropic efficiency. In the zero-clearance model, although the average total temperature of the leakage flow rises owing to the reduced clearance, the compressor efficiency is enhanced by the substantial reduction in leakage flow rate. The findings in this paper clarify the quantitative relationship and influence mechanism of leakage flow under different clearance conditions on the performance of the honeycomb and labyrinth seal structure applied to the compressor stator, which therefore provide certain references for the engineering design of honeycomb seal cavities.

Key words: low-speed research compressor (LSRC), honeycomb, labyrinth, seal clearance, leakage

中图分类号:

V231.3

邵润珠, 滕金芳, 樊琳, 钟勇健, 居振州, 朱铭敏. 低速大尺寸压气机静叶蜂窝与篦齿间隙泄漏流[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(3): 486-498.

SHAO Runzhu, TENG Jinfang, FAN Lin, ZHONG Yongjian, JU Zhenzhou, ZHU Mingmin. Leakage Flow in Honeycomb-Labyrinth Seal Cavity in Stator of Low-Speed Research Compressor[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(3): 486-498.

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参考文献 13

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结构	流量系数	叶片数	设计转速/(r·min^-1)	弦长(中径)/mm	轮毂比	稠度(中径)	展弦比(中径)
IGV	0.467	42		81.3	0.88	0.77	1.11
R1	0.467	52	900	113.3	0.88	1.33	0.79
S1	0.467	78		73.7	0.88	1.30	1.22

低速大尺寸压气机静叶蜂窝与篦齿间隙泄漏流

Leakage Flow in Honeycomb-Labyrinth Seal Cavity in Stator of Low-Speed Research Compressor

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