小口径弹丸侵彻双箭头负泊松比蜂窝夹芯结构的弹道特性

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.293

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过有限元仿真的方法研究双箭头负泊松比蜂窝夹芯结构的抗侵彻性能,利用小口径弹丸侵彻9种双箭头负泊松比蜂窝夹芯结构,获得双箭头负泊松比蜂窝夹芯结构的弹道特性.通过仿真得到弹丸侵彻过程中姿态变化,建立弹丸侵彻双箭头胞元的动力学仿真模型.仿真模拟表明:当上下面层厚度不变,仅增大芯层双箭头夹角,蜂窝夹芯结构的弹道极限随之降低.对于相同蜂窝夹芯结构,子弹初始速度与结构动能吸收率存在非线性关系,存在某一速度区间使得蜂窝夹芯结构抗侵彻性能最佳.侵彻过程中弹丸周向存在应力分布不均现象,产生非对称作用使弹丸受力环境变化,导致弹丸姿态角改变,最终引起弹丸的侵彻弹道失稳.

关键词: 负泊松比, 蜂窝夹芯结构, 小口径枪弹, 侵彻

Abstract:

The anti-penetration performance of a double-arrow honeycomb sandwich structure with negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) is investigated by using finite element simulation. With the penetration of small-caliber projectiles to nine types of arrowhead NPR honeycomb sandwich structures, the ballistic characteristics are obtained. The change in attitude during projectile penetration is obtained through simulation, and the dynamics simulation model of the projectile penetration double-arrow cell element is established. The simulation results show that when the thickness of the upper and lower layers are kept constant and only the double-arrow angle of the core layer is increased, the ballistic limit of the honeycomb sandwich structure is subsequently reduced. For the same honeycomb sandwich structure, there is a nonlinear relationship between the initial velocity of the bullet and the structural kinetic energy absorption rate. In addition, there is a specific velocity range within which the honeycomb sandwich structure exhibits optimal anti-penetration performance. During the penetration process, the projectile experiences an uneven distribution in the circumferential divection, which generates an asymmetric effect, altering the force environment, and leads to an unstable trajectory in the projectile’s penetration.

Key words: negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR), honeycomb sandwich structure, small-caliber ammunition, penetration

中图分类号:

O385

刘洋佐, 徐诚, 马吴宁, 任杰, 张震东. 小口径弹丸侵彻双箭头负泊松比蜂窝夹芯结构的弹道特性[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(1): 139-150.

LIU Yangzuo, XU Cheng, MA Wuning, REN Jie, ZHANG Zhendong. Ballistic Penetration of Small-Caliber Bullet in Double-Arrow Honeycomb Core Structures with Negative Poisson’s Ratio[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(1): 139-150.

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组别	θ₁/(°)	ρ_2RD	厚度/mm	质量/g
a	10.0	0.319 8	122.9	179.0
b	12.5	0.313 9	117.1	187.6
c	15.0	0.312 4	111.3	195.4
d	17.5	0.314 8	105.2	206.5
e	20.0	0.321 1	99.0	108.4
f	22.5	0.331 5	92.6	113.9
g	25.0	0.346 8	86.1	119.6
h	27.5	0.367 8	79.5	125.3
i	30.0	0.396 1	72.8	130.8

材料	ρ/(g·cm^-3)	A₁/MPa	B₁/MPa	C	n	m	T_m/K	T_r/K
45#钢	7.82	507	320	0.064	0.28	1.06	1 795	300
2024铝	2.78	265	426	0.015	0.34	1.00	933	300

材料	C₀/(cm·μs^-1)	S₁	γ₀
45#钢	0.456 9	1.490	2.17
2024铝	0.532 8	1.338	1.97

材料	D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅
45#钢	0.10	0.76	1.57	0.005	-0.84
2024铝	0.13	0.13	-1.50	0.011	0.00

v_i/(m·s^-1)	组别a		组别b		组别c
v_i/(m·s^-1)	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η
300	0	1	0	1	0	1
400	0	1	0	1	0	1
500	0	1	0	1	0	1
600	0	1	0	1	0	1
700	0	1	265.24	0.856	233.41	0.888
750	0	1	372.82	0.753	374.24	0.751
800	277.78	0.879	332.41	0.827	383.00	0.770
850	437.62	0.735	65.34	0.994	381.34	0.798
900	141.40	0.975	137.48	0.976	116.05	0.983
950	486.52	0.737	135.29	0.979	333.83	0.876
1 000	417.90	0.825	240.63	0.942	439.17	0.807
v_i/(m·s^-1)	组别d		组别e		组别f
v_i/(m·s^-1)	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η
300	0	1	0	1	0	1
400	0	1	0	1	0	1
500	0	1	0	1	0	1
600	56.55	0.991	212.76	0.874	142.74	0.943
700	330.86	0.776	257.96	0.864	380.65	0.704
800	353.59	0.804	465.31	0.661	446.26	0.688
900	207.92	0.946	501.75	0.689	571.72	0.596
1 000	434.12	0.811	594.57	0.646	676.91	0.541
v_i/(m·s^-1)	组别g		组别h		组别i
v_i/(m·s^-1)	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η	v_r/(m·s^-1)	η
300	0	1	0	1	0	1
400	0	1	0	1	0	1
500	0	1	64.94	0.983	0	1
600	300.80	0.748	301.22	0.747	286.41	0.772
700	408.43	0.659	423.92	0.633	414.33	0.649
800	511.09	0.591	534.17	0.554	519.61	0.578
900	635.61	0.501	654.95	0.470	634.17	0.503
1 000	737.72	0.455	763.98	0.416	740.85	0.451