畸形波浪环境下的埋首式无人艇水面运动特性

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.342

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (4): 447-457.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.342

畸形波浪环境下的埋首式无人艇水面运动特性

巩超¹, 侯远杭¹(), 张宇骐¹, 刘殿勇¹, 万跃进²

1.大连海事大学船舶与海洋工程学院,辽宁大连 116026
2.中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司,湖南株洲 412001

收稿日期:2023-07-24 修回日期:2023-12-15 接受日期:2023-12-29 出版日期:2025-04-28 发布日期:2025-05-09
通讯作者: 侯远杭 E-mail:houyuanhang@dlmu.edu.cn
作者简介:巩超(1996—),硕士生,从事海洋结构物水动力性能研究.
基金资助:
高性能船舶技术教育部重点实验室开放基金课题资助项目(gxnc23052803)

Characterization of Surface Motion of Submerged Unmanned Ship in Freak Waves Environment

GONG Chao¹, HOU Yuanhang¹(), ZHANG Yuqi¹, LIU Dianyong¹, WAN Yuejin²

1. Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China
2. CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, Hunan, China

Received:2023-07-24 Revised:2023-12-15 Accepted:2023-12-29 Online:2025-04-28 Published:2025-05-09
Contact: HOU Yuanhang E-mail:houyuanhang@dlmu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

船舶在遭遇畸形波浪时,瞬间的冲击会使波浪载荷急剧变化,严重时甚至会造成船舶倾覆.为探索能有效抵御异常波浪冲击的特种船型,以对极端海况下高强度波浪载荷具有优良适应性的某型埋首式无人艇为研究对象,分析了其在多种波浪环境下的运动特性.首先基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程(RANS),考虑了不同波幅的五阶Stokes波、畸形波对无人艇水面运动的影响;其次使用动态流体固体相互作用(DFBI)模型对船舶纵摇和垂荡两个自由度的运动进行分析;再次对仿真结果进行可视化处理,分析了船体表面压力、总阻力、运动响应和载荷特性.结果发现:随着波幅增加,埋首式无人艇的波浪载荷增大,运动响应更加剧烈;与五阶Stokes波相比,无人艇在畸形波中的波浪载荷更小,对船体结构安全具有较好的保护性,原因在于埋首式无人艇首部集合了锥形船首与球鼻艏的优势,对流经船首的波浪产生了分散、分割的效果,有效抑制了波浪的冲击力,保证了无人艇在极端海况下的航行安全.研究结果可为埋首式无人艇在畸形波等极端海况下的安全航行提供技术支撑.

关键词: 畸形波, 埋首式无人艇, 波浪载荷, 数值模拟

Abstract:

When a ship encounters abnormal waves, the instantaneous impact will cause a drastic change in the wave load, potentially leading to capsizing in serious cases. To investigate the special ship type that can effectively withstand the impact of freak waves, this paper explores a certain type of submerged unmanned ship with excellent adaptability to high-intensity wave loads under extreme sea conditions, and analyzes its motion characteristics under various wave environments. First, based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS), the effects of the fifth-order Stokes waves and freak waves with different wave amplitudes on the water surface motion of the unmanned ship are taken into account. Then, the motion of ship pitch and heave in two degrees of freedom is analyzed by using the dynamic fluid body interaction (DFBI) model. Finally, the simulation results are visualized to analyze the surface pressure of the hull, the total resistance, the motion response, and the load characteristics of the ship. The results show that as wave amplitude increases, the wave load of the submerged unmanned ship also increases, and the motion response becomes more intense. Compared with the fifth-order Stokes waves, the wave load of the unmanned ship in deformed wave is smaller, which is advantageous for the safety of the hull structure, because the head of the submerged unmanned ship combines the advantages of a conical bow and a bulbous bow, allowing it to disperse and divide the wave flowing through the bow, and effectively inhibit the impact of the wave. This effectively suppresses the impact of the waves and ensures the safety of the unmanned ship in extreme sea conditions. The results of this study can provide technical support for the safe navigation of submerged bow-type unmanned ship in extreme sea conditions, such as freak waves.

Key words: freak waves, submerged unmanned ship, wave load, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

U661.1

巩超, 侯远杭, 张宇骐, 刘殿勇, 万跃进. 畸形波浪环境下的埋首式无人艇水面运动特性[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(4): 447-457.

GONG Chao, HOU Yuanhang, ZHANG Yuqi, LIU Dianyong, WAN Yuejin. Characterization of Surface Motion of Submerged Unmanned Ship in Freak Waves Environment[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(4): 447-457.

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工况	M_f	[ f_min, f_max ] /Hz	t₀/s	x₀/m	A/m	H_s/m	模拟平均误差/%
1	29	[0.4, 0.7]	9	3.3	0.032 4	0.015 5	0.001 4
2					0.086 4	0.038 0	0.151 9
3					0.140 4	0.062 0	0.173 2
4					0.195 0	0.087 0	0.154 4

参数	取值
总长,L_OA/m	1.645 2
垂线间长,L_PP/m	1.600 0
船宽,B/m	0.232 2
型深,D/m	0.140 8
首吃水,d_F/m	0.086 8
尾吃水,d_A/m	0.086 8
干舷,F/m	0.054 0
湿表面积,A_W/m²	0.445 1
总表面积,A_O/m²	0.830 3
排水量,Δ/kg	9.131 0
重心纵向位置,x_G/m	4.153 0

工况	M1	M2	M3	M4
1	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
2	2.526	1.265	1.179	1.131
3	4.111	1.534	1.340	1.271
4	5.849	1.840	1.537	1.413
#1	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
#2	2.340	1.404	1.280	1.216
#3	3.751	1.849	1.601	1.472
#4	5.857	2.372	1.992	1.766

畸形波浪环境下的埋首式无人艇水面运动特性

Characterization of Surface Motion of Submerged Unmanned Ship in Freak Waves Environment

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