Short-Term Effects of Ambient Air Pollutants on Outpatient Visits for Childhood Allergic Diseases in Shanghai, China

doi:10.1007/s12204-022-2454-1

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the short-term effects of ambient air pollutants on outpatient visits for childhood allergic diseases. Daily data on ambient air pollutants (NO2, SO2, CO and PM2.5) and outpatient visits for childhood allergic diseases (asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis) were obtained in Shanghai, China from 2013 to 2014. The effects of ambient air pollutants were estimated for total outpatient visits for childhood allergic diseases, gender and age stratification and disease classification by using distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). We found positive associations between short-term exposure to air pollutants and childhood allergic diseases. Girls and children aged 7 years old were more likely to be sensitive to ambient air pollutants. NO2 and SO2 showed stronger effects on asthma and atopic dermatitis, respectively. This study provides evidence that short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants can increase the risk of childhood allergic diseases.

Key words: childhood allergic diseases, ambient air pollutant, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5)

摘要： 本研究旨在探讨环境空气污染物对儿童过敏疾病门诊就诊的短期影响。获取了2013—2014年，中国上海地区每日环境空气污染物（NO2、SO2、CO和PM2.5）数据和儿童过敏性疾病（哮喘、特应性皮炎和变应性鼻炎）门诊就诊数据。采用分布滞后非线性模型来估计环境空气污染物对儿童过敏性疾病门诊总访问量、性别年龄分层和疾病分类的影响。发现短期接触空气污染物与儿童过敏性疾病之间存在正相关。女孩和不超过7岁的儿童更容易对环境空气污染物敏感。NO2和SO2分别对哮喘和特应性皮炎有较强的治疗作用。这项研究提供的证据表明，短期暴露于环境空气污染物会增加儿童过敏性疾病的风险。

关键词: 儿童过敏性疾病，环境空气污染物，二氧化氮，二氧化硫，PM2.5

CLC Number:

R122

HU Yi¹(户宜), GU Jianlei¹ (顾坚磊), WU Dan¹ (吴丹), WANG Xiaolei²(王晓雷), LU Hui ¨ ^{1, 2}(吕晖), YU Guangjun^{1, 3∗} (于广军). Short-Term Effects of Ambient Air Pollutants on Outpatient Visits for Childhood Allergic Diseases in Shanghai, China[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2024, 29(6): 979-994.

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