枢纽内考虑动态信息引导的行人疏散仿真

doi:10.1007/s12204-022-2560-0

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 模拟枢纽中行人的行为可以帮助决策者制定更好的疏散策略。本研究开发了一个改进的元胞自动机模型，考虑行人的群体跟随心理和竞争意识，并基于此模型模拟了行人从设有两个出口的枢纽通道的疏散过程。诸如疏散路线的实时拥堵情况等动态信息，在枢纽中的行人疏散过程中起着重要作用，行人可以根据此类信息调整评估路线，从而改善疏散时的拥堵情况。因此，动态信息被纳入提出的模型中，以研究其对行人疏散行为的影响。仿真实验共设置了不熟悉枢纽的行人比例和动态信息更新间隔两个参数，以分析对行人疏散行为的影响。结果显示：动态信息可以提高行人疏散的效率，且不熟悉枢纽的行人比例越高，动态信息引导的效果越明显。同时，对应不同的不熟悉行人比例，应当选取不同的标识更新间隔。本研究形成的结果对指导实际枢纽设施规划和设计、枢纽信息系统设计及拥挤和应急疏散策略的制定具有重要意义，有利于规范疏散路径秩序，提高枢纽内信息服务水平。

关键词: 元胞自动机模型, 动态信息引导, 行人疏散行为, 行人仿真

Abstract: : Simulation of pedestrians’ behavior in the hub can help decision-makers to formulate better evacuation strategies. With this aim, this study develops an improved cellular automata model considering pedestrian’s mass-following psychology and competitive awareness, and based on this model, pedestrian’s evacuation process from the channel of the hub with two exits is simulated. Moreover, dynamic guidance information, e.g., the realtime congestion situation of the evacuation routes, plays an important role during pedestrian evacuation processes in a hub, as the evaluation routes can be adjusted based on this information. That is, the congestion situation during the evaluation can be improved. Thus, dynamic signs are incorporated into the proposed model to study the influence of dynamic guidance information on pedestrian evacuation behavior. In simulation experiments, the influence of two parameters, namely the proportion of pedestrians unfamiliar with the hub and update interval of dynamic signs, on pedestrian evacuation behavior is studied. Results show that dynamic guidance information can improve the efficiency of pedestrian evacuation. In particular, the higher the proportion of pedestrians unfamiliar with the hub is, the more obvious the effect of dynamic guidance information is. Besides, different proportions of pedestrians unfamiliar with the hub lead to different update intervals of dynamic signs. Finally, the results of this study can provide some implications to the practical hub operation and evacuation, e.g., to standardize the order of evacuation routes and improve the information service level in the hub.

Key words: cellular automata model, dynamic guidance information, pedestrian’s evacuation behavior, pedes, trian simulation

中图分类号:

U491

周雪梅1, 2, 韦国辉1, 关震1, 席姣姣1. 枢纽内考虑动态信息引导的行人疏散仿真[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2024, 29(6): 1091-1102.

ZHOU Xuemei^{1, 2∗}(周雪梅), WEI Guohui¹ (韦国辉), GUAN Zhen¹(关震), XI Jiaojiao¹ (席姣姣). Simulation of Pedestrian Evacuation Behavior Considering Dynamic Information Guidance in a Hub[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2024, 29(6): 1091-1102.

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