Back/Forward Sweep Power Flow Calculation Method with Leaf Nodes Recursive Pruning

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.362

Abstract

Abstract:

With the promotion of the “dual carbon” goal, distribution networks are facing challenges posed by high penetration of distributed renewable energy. Efficient power flow analysis is thus essential for addressing these issues. However, existing back/forward power flow calculation methods are inefficient for large-scale networks, as determining the calculation sequence and constructing reactance matrix are extremely time-consuming. To solve this problem, a back/forward sweep power flow calculation method integrated with leaf nodes recursive pruning is proposed. By leveraging the topological characteristics of the distribution network, the method performs recursive pruning on leaf nodes to rapidly determine the calculation order for large-scale distribution networks with massive nodes. It also enables the efficient construction of the corresponding reactance matrix simultaneously, thereby effectively enhancing the efficiency of power flow calculations. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method outperforms existing layered and search-sorted back/forward power flow methods in terms of solution efficiency. The improvement is particularly pronounced for large-scale distribution networks, where the advantages are more evident.

Key words: renewable energy, leaf node, distribution network, back/forward sweep, power flow calculation

CLC Number:

TM744

CHEN Fengsheng, WANG Ziyao, YU Zhongan, WU Yufeng, PAN Zhenning, SUN Liming. Back/Forward Sweep Power Flow Calculation Method with Leaf Nodes Recursive Pruning[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(4): 695-703.

Figures/Tables 9

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类型	特点	可再生能源(并网方式)
PQ	有功和无功恒定	太阳能热发电(汽轮机)^[22]、地热能(汽轮机)^[22-23]、海洋能(水轮机)^[22,24]、风能(双馈风力发电机)^[19]
PQ(V)	有功恒定,无功随有功和电压改变	风能(同步发电机/异步发电机)^[20,25]
PI	有功恒定,输出无功维持电流	光伏(电流控制逆变器)^[25]、燃料电池(电流控制逆变器)^[26]
PV	有功恒定,输出无功维持电压	小水电(水轮机)^[22]、光伏(电压控制逆变器)^[18]、燃料电池(电压控制逆变器)^[26]

接入节点	场景	类型	参数
18	Case 1、2	PV	P_s=200 kW, ${U}_{s}^{p.u.}$=1,Q_s,min=10 kvar,Q_s,max=100 kvar
22	Case 1、2	PV	P_s=300 kW, ${U}_{s}^{p.u.}$=1,Q_s,min=10 kvar,Q_s,max=100 kvar
25	Case 1、2	PQ	P_s=200 kW,cos ϕ=0.95
3	Case 2	PV	P_s=200 kW, ${U}_{s}^{p.u.}$=1,Q_s,min=-10 kW,Q_s,max=100 kW
6	Case 2	PQ(V)	异步发电机^[21],P_s=300 kW,X_m=250 Ω,X_σ=10 Ω
30	Case 2	PQ	P_s=400 kW,cos ϕ=0.95
33	Case 2	PI	P_s=100 kW,I_s=10A

方法	求解时间
方法	Case 1	Case 2
所提方法	0.00105	0.00178
牛顿-拉夫逊法	0.02335	0.04817
高斯-赛德尔法	3.48094	4.01988
快速PQ分解法	0.01961	0.03216
直接求解法	0.01947	0.02963

编号	方法	求解时间/ms
		低比例新能源接入			高比例新能源接入
		IEEE 33	IEEE 69	303节点	IEEE 33	IEEE 69	303节点
1	所提方法	1.02	1.67	11.88	1.40	5.42	51.46
2	节点注入+节点分层	2.51	5.52	59.32	3.87	18.17	319.32
3	节点注入+支路分层	2.14	3.97	52.98	3.34	13.29	299.98
4	节点注入+深度优先搜索	2.39	4.29	50.34	3.54	14.61	290.73
5	节点注入+宽度优先搜索	2.62	4.35	51.54	3.94	15.14	289.21