Abstract: Certain existing fault location methods for distribution networks rely too much on the local wave head information of the time or frequency domain signals, with poor location robustness and difficulty in adapting to the increasingly prominent "double-high" characteristics of active distribution networks. For improvement, the traveling wave (TW) time and frequency ranges that can effectively avoid waveform distortion caused by new energy access are analyzed. The one-to-one holographic-mapping relationship between the TW waveforms in these ranges and the fault positions is revealed. A fault TW time-frequency matrix with specific time and frequency windows is constructed, and an active distribution network fault location method is proposed based on the holographic-mapping matching technique of waveform features, which realizes the accurate fault location by exploring the proportionality between the cumulative trend of the matrix energy amplitude deviation and the fault point position. Simulation tests and real field model experiments show that the method is not affected by the complex structure of distribution networks such as new energy access and overhead-cable line mixing on fault location, and flexibly transforms the fault location problem into a time-frequency TW waveform holographic-mapping matching problem, which improves the accuracy and robustness of the fault location for active distribution networks to a degree.

Key words: 有源配电网, 行波, 故障定位, 时-频分析, 全息映射