Fault Location Method for Active Distribution Networks Based on Holographic-Mapping of Time-Frequency Traveling Waves

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.063

Abstract

Abstract:

Some existing fault location methods for distribution networks rely heavily on the local wave head information in the time or frequency domain, resulting in poor location robustness and difficulty in adapting to the increasingly prominent “dual-high” characteristics of active distribution networks. To address this problem, traveling wave time and frequency ranges which can effectively prevent waveform distortion caused by new energy access are analyzed, and the one-to-one holographic-mapping relationship between the traveling wave waveforms in these ranges and the fault positions is revealed. A fault traveling wave time-frequency matrix is constructed based on specific time and frequency windows, and an active distribution network fault location method is proposed based on the holographic-mapping matching technique of waveform features, which realizes the accurate fault location by exploring the proportionality between the cumulative trend of the matrix energy amplitude deviation and the fault point position. Simulation tests and real field model experiments prove that the method effectively overcomes the impact of new energy integration and the complex structure of overhead-cable hybrid lines on fault location, and flexibly transforms the fault location problem into a time-frequency traveling wave holographic-mapping matching problem, which improves the accuracy and robustness of the fault location in active distribution networks.

Key words: active distribution network, traveling wave, fault location, holographic-mapping, time-frequency analysis

CLC Number:

TM712

ZENG Jupeng, ZENG Xiangjun, BAI Hao, YU Kun, YANG Weichen, LONG Xuanlin, ZHUANG Jie. Fault Location Method for Active Distribution Networks Based on Holographic-Mapping of Time-Frequency Traveling Waves[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(2): 256-269.

Figures/Tables 21

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

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Tab.1

Different real fault location results

真实故障点	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
F₁	[V(1), 0.9877]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3296(E₁)	29.6
F₂	[V(17), 0.9413]	[V(18), 0.9995]	E₁E₆	0.0081(E₆)	8.1
F₃	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5

Tab.1

Fig.12

Tab.2

Simulation results of different fault types

故障类型	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
AG	[V(1), 0.9877]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3296(E₁)	29.6
CG	[V(1), 0.9878]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3255(E₁)	25.5
AB	[V(1), 0.9877]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3140(E₁)	14.0
BCG	[V(1), 0.9880]	[V(2), 0.9503]	E₁E₂	1.3201(E₁)	20.1
ABC	[V(1), 0.9878]	[V(2), 0.9500]	E₁E₂	1.3099(E₁)	9.9

Tab.2

Tab.3

Simulation results of different fault resistances

过渡电阻/Ω	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
0	[V(17), 0.9412]	[V(18), 0.9997]	E₁E₆	0.0152(E₆)	15.2
50	[V(17), 0.9410]	[V(18), 0.9998]	E₁E₆	0.0105(E₆)	10.5
500	[V(17), 0.9413]	[V(18), 0.9997]	E₁E₆	0.0077(E₆)	7.7
1 000	[V(17), 0.9413]	[V(18), 0.9995]	E₁E₆	0.0081(E₆)	8.1
5 000	[V(17), 0.9395]	[V(18), 0.9987]	E₁E₆	0.0128(E₆)	12.8

Tab.3

Tab.4

Simulation results of different fault initial angles

故障初相角/(°)	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
1.5	[V(32), 0.9376]	[V(33), 0.9811]	E₈E₉	2.8891(E₈)	10.9
5	[V(32), 0.9424]	[V(33), 0.9903]	E₈E₉	2.8658(E₈)	34.2
30	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
60	[V(32), 0.9465]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8780(E₈)	22.0
90	[V(32), 0.9460]	[V(33), 0.9985]	E₈E₉	2.8747(E₈)	25.3

Tab.4

Tab.5

Simulation results of different DG types and capacities

DG类型	DG₁容量/MW	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果 (参考端)/km	定位误差/m
燃料电池	0.1	[V(32), 0.9465]	[V(33), 0.9989]	E₈E₉	2.8668(E₈)	33.2
	4	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
	10	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9987]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
光伏电池	0.1	[V(32), 0.9465]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
	4	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
	10	[V(32), 0.9468]	[V(33), 0.9987]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5

Tab.5

Fig.13

Tab.6

Fault location results of real field model

过渡电阻	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
50	[V(6), 0.8945]	[V(7), 0.9976]	#380-2-#10	0.0087(2-#10)	8.7
500	[V(6), 0.8968]	[V(7), 0.9977]	#380-2-#10	0.0099(2-#10)	9.9
2 500	[V(6), 0.8762]	[V(7), 0.9954]	#380-2-#10	0.0145(2-#10)	14.5

Tab.6

Fig.14

Fig.15

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