Design of a Rapid Thermal Cycling System for Real-Time Fluorescent PCR with Zone Temperature Control

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.361

Abstract

Abstract:

The thermal cycling system is the key component of the real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument, which determines the nucleic acid detection efficiency and result accuracy. Aiming at the problems that the thermal cycle of the traditional PCR detection system takes a long time and the temperature control is complicated, a real-time fluorescent PCR thermal cycle system with partition temperature control is designed, including the hardware circuit and mechanical structure of the thermal cycle system. The rapid thermal cycling is achieved by switching the test solution between different constant temperature zones, and the temperature is controlled using an incremental proportional integral derivative (PID) algorithm, with a control precision of ±0.1 ℃. Using Fluent software to establish heat transfer model, the thermal delay phenomenon of the test solution was analyzed to predict the temperature variation pattern of the test solution. A prototype is built for testing and verification, and the heating and cooling rates of the test liquid are 3.8 ℃/s and 4.4 ℃/s. It is verified that the proposed PCR thermal cycling system can effectively improve the detection efficiency.

Key words: polymerase chain reaction (PCR) apparatus, temperature control, proportional integral derivative (PID) control, finite element method, heat transfer mechanism

CLC Number:

TH776

CHEN Erdong, GAO Zihang, WANG Kundong, LEI Huaming. Design of a Rapid Thermal Cycling System for Real-Time Fluorescent PCR with Zone Temperature Control[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(9): 1196-1202.

Figures/Tables 9

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几何区域	密度/ (kg·m^-3)	比热容/ (J·kg^-1·K^-1)	导热系数/ (W·m^-1·K^-1)
紫铜基座	8900	394	401
聚丙烯样品管	910	1860	0.24
试液	998.2	4182	0.61
空气	1.225	1006.4	0.024