Abstract: In response to the issues of limited profit methods and unstable earnings for virtual power plants, this paper optimizes the control of the grid-connected inverters within the virtual power plants’ photovoltaic systems, enabling them to participate in the reactive power auxiliary services market to gain voltage regulation revenue. This ensures voltage stability under extreme weather scenarios and expands the revenue channels for the virtual power plant. This paper establishes a two-layer optimization model for virtual power plants to participate in the auxiliary services market, with the upper layer being a comprehensive revenue maximization model for the virtual power plant and the lower layer being a cost minimization model for the flexible load electricity consumption of the virtual power plant. The model is solved by transforming the two-layer model into a single-layer model using KKT conditions. The strategy is also effective and adaptable under normal weather conditions, ensuring that the virtual power plant can achieve stable economic benefits under various weather conditions.

Key words: Virtual power plant, Demand response, Reactive power auxiliary service, Extreme weather