Structural Dynamic Response of Offshore Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Subjected to Wake-Induced Action

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.476

Abstract

Abstract:

The study of the dynamic response of a horizontal axis twin wind turbine in tandem arrangement is crucial for ensuring the structural safety of the wind turbine. Based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the characteristics of the wake flow field of the downstream turbine, located in the near wake region of the upstream turbine, are analyzed. The time course curves of the aerodynamic loads on the twin turbines are obtained. Structural dynamics and finite element numerical methods are then used to analyze the wind-driven dynamic effects of the upstream and downstream turbine structures. It is found that the wake velocity deficit in the near wake region is significant, causing a reduction in thrust and torque of the downstream turbine by 54.94% and 91.89% respectively. Additionly, the wake turbulence increases cyclic fluctuation of aerodynamic load on the downstream turbine. While the aerodynamic load volatility has a small effect on the dynamic response of the downstream wind turbine, the overall dynamic response is weaker, and the displacement of the downstream wind turbine tower top in the thrust direction is reduced by 50.79%. The results provide technical references for the analysis of aerodynamic response of wind turbine cluster structures in offshore wind farms.

Key words: horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT), offshore wind farms, aerodynamic performance, wake interference effect, dynamic response

CLC Number:

TK83

ZHU Yiqing, WU Feng, ZHOU Dai, HAN Zhaolong, ZHUO Yang, ZHU Hongbo, ZHANG Kai. Structural Dynamic Response of Offshore Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Subjected to Wake-Induced Action[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(8): 1081-1091.

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参数	取值	参数	取值
额定输出功率/MW	5	额定风速/(m·s^-1)	11.4
叶片直径/m	126	轮毂高度/m	90
叶片数	3	叶尖速比TSR	8
切入风速/(m·s^-1)	3	切出风速/(m·s^-1)	25
切入转速/(r·min^-1)	6.9	额定转速/(r·min^-1)	12.1

网格	网格数量	推力/MN	扭矩/(MN·m)
粗网格	2.08×10⁷	0.75	3.59
中等网格	3.35×10⁷	0.81	3.70
细网格	4.57×10⁷	0.82	3.72

时间步长/ms	M₀/(MN·m)
5	103.5
10	103.0
20	102.0
30	101.0

位置	U_X_,max/m	ΔX/m	U_Y_,min/m	U_Y_,max/mm	ΔY/m
上游风力机塔顶	-0.017 9	1.425 0	1.442 4	-0.9	0.160 0
下游风力机塔顶	-0.010 6	0.702 0	0.712 7	-0.5	0.082 8
上游风力机叶尖	0.004 0	4.053 0	4.048 9	0.2	0.423 0
下游风力机叶尖	0.002 5	2.109 6	2.107 0	0.2	0.320 8