考虑电池储能退出过程的风储联合调频控制方法

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.508

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

附加电池储能可以避免风电机组调频过程中发生频率二次跌落,提高风电机组调频性能,但电池储能退出也可能对频率恢复造成再次危害.为避免风储一次调频过程中储能退出导致频率再次跌落的问题,首先,阐明该问题的机理,提出一种基于牛顿冷却定理的储能退出控制方法;然后,以此为基础,从风储输出互补的角度提出风储联合调频策略,利用风电机组与储能的特性实现储能平滑退出与联合调频;最后,搭建含高渗透风电机组的系统模型.仿真结果表明:该策略下储能退出过程产生的有功骤降由非零值变为零,验证了所提控制方法的有效性.

关键词: 频率响应, 风力发电, 储能, 频率二次跌落

Abstract:

The integration of battery energy storage can prevent secondary frequency drop during wind power frequency regulation, thereby improving the frequency regulation capability of wind turbines. However, the withdrawal of energy storage may also pose risks to frequency recovery. To mitigate the secondary frequency drop induced by battery energy storage withdrawal during wind-storage integrated primary frequency regulation, first, the mechanism of frequency decline triggered by the exit of energy storage in wind-storage integrated frequency regulation is elaborated, and a control method for energy storage withdrawal is proposed based on Newton’s cooling law. Then, on this basis, a joint frequency regulation strategy for wind-storage systems is introduced, utilizing the complementary characteristics of wind power and energy storage to achieve smooth energy storage withdrawal and collaborative frequency regulation. Finally, a simulation model incorporating high-penetration wind turbines is developed. The simulation results demonstrate that the sudden drop in active power during the energy storage withdrawal process is reduced from a non-zero value to zero under this strategy, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

Key words: frequency response, wind power, energy storage, secondary frequency drop

中图分类号:

TM712

徐波, 商雲翔, 刘迪, 黄志光, 李东东. 考虑电池储能退出过程的风储联合调频控制方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(8): 1247-1255.

XU Bo, SHANG Yunxiang, LIU Di, HUANG Zhiguang, LI Dongdong. Frequency Regulation Control Method for Wind Turbine and Energy Storage Equipment Considering Battery Energy Storage Exit Process[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(8): 1247-1255.

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控制策略	储能调频控制策略
A	储能不参与调频
B	传统储能调频策略
C	考虑储能退出调频策略(与策略B初始参数相同)
D	考虑储能退出调频策略(较策略C初始参数更大)

控制策略	风储投入调频阶段	风电转速恢复阶段
I	风电固定调频参数	风电定PI系数
	储能不参与调频	储能不协助风电
II	风电固定调频参数	风电定PI系数
	储能采用2.2节策略	储能采用3.1节策略
III	风电充分释放转子动能	风电变PI系数
	储能采用2.2节策略	储能不协助风电
IV(所提策略)	风电充分释放转子动能	风电变PI系数
	储能采用2.2节策略	储能采用3.1节策略

控制策略	是否发生频率二次跌落	一次频率最低点后最大频率偏差/Hz
I	是	0.46
II	是	0.28
III	否	0.31
IV(所提策略)	否	0.24

控制策略	调频控制策略
X	储能辅助风电机组调频但未考虑储能退出
Y	风电机组和储能均采用自适应调频策略
Z	所提风储联合调频策略