撬棒启动下高比例风电系统阻抗矩阵修改与短路电流抑制

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.516

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (8): 1238-1246.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.516

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

撬棒启动下高比例风电系统阻抗矩阵修改与短路电流抑制

刘盛松¹, 徐云清², 陈达伟³(), 曹毅¹, 王升波², 刘厚儒³

¹ 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力调度控制中心, 南京 210024
² 国网江苏省电力有限公司扬州供电分公司, 江苏扬州 225000
³ 上海交通大学电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室, 上海 200240

收稿日期:2024-12-20 修回日期:2025-02-09 接受日期:2025-02-28 出版日期:2026-08-28 发布日期:2026-09-02
通讯作者: 陈达伟,博士生;E-mail:daweichen@sjtu.edu.cn.
作者简介:刘盛松(1974—),高级工程师,从事电力系统优化与控制研究.
基金资助:
国网江苏省电力有限公司科技项目(J2023152)

Modification of Impedance Matrix and Short-Circuit Current Suppression in High-Proportion Wind Power Systems with Crowbar Activation

LIU Shengsong¹, XU Yunqing², CHEN Dawei³(), CAO Yi¹, WANG Shengbo², LIU Houru³

¹ Power Dispatching and Control Center of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210024, China
² Yangzhou Power Supply Company of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu, China
³ Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Received:2024-12-20 Revised:2025-02-09 Accepted:2025-02-28 Online:2026-08-28 Published:2026-09-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以双馈风力发电机(双馈风机)为代表的风力发电短路电流特性与同步机不同,其故障前后等效阻抗不一致,导致含高比例风电系统的短路电流计算不准.为此,提出一种适用于风电高渗透下的大规模电网短路电流快速计算方法及抑制策略.首先,通过分析双馈风机转子侧动态响应特征,量化了双馈风机故障前后等效阻抗变化,并修改系统节点阻抗矩阵.然后,将故障限流器(FCL)等效为并联阻抗,从而避免了节点阻抗矩阵的求逆运算,提出阻抗单元迭代配置方法合理配置FCL并抑制短路电流.结果表明:所提方法可实现含风电系统短路电流的抑制,相对于其他方法,所需FCL数量更少、容量更小,且计算效率更高.

关键词: 双馈风力发电机, 短路电流, 限流器, 节点阻抗矩阵

Abstract:

The short-circuit current characteristics of wind power generation systems represented by doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) differ from those of synchronous generators. The inconsistency of DFIGs equivalent impedance before and after faults leads to inaccuracies in short-circuit current calculations for power systems with high wind power penetration. Therefore, a rapid calculation method and suppression strategy for large-scale grid short-circuit currents under high wind power penetration is proposed in this paper. First, the variation in equivalent impedance before and after faults is quantified, and the system node impedance matrix is modified by analyzing the dynamic response characteristics of the rotor side of DFIGs. Then, the fault current limiter (FCL) is equivalently modeled as a shunt impedance to avoid matrix inversion operations in the node impedance matrix. An iterative impedance unit configuration method is proposed to optimize the FCL placement and suppress the short-circuit currents. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively suppresses short-circuit currents in wind-integrated systems. Compared with existing approaches, the proposed method requires fewer FCLs with lower capacity while achieving higher computational efficiency.

Key words: doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs), short-circuit current, fault current limiter, node impedance matrix

中图分类号:

TM614

刘盛松, 徐云清, 陈达伟, 曹毅, 王升波, 刘厚儒. 撬棒启动下高比例风电系统阻抗矩阵修改与短路电流抑制[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(8): 1238-1246.

LIU Shengsong, XU Yunqing, CHEN Dawei, CAO Yi, WANG Shengbo, LIU Houru. Modification of Impedance Matrix and Short-Circuit Current Suppression in High-Proportion Wind Power Systems with Crowbar Activation[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(8): 1238-1246.

图/表 14

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节点	短路电流水平/kA
节点	文献[11]	文献[16]	本文
10	15.07	15.06	14.41
12	14.27	21.53	20.61
15	11.49	11.91	11.48
17	11.06	10.99	10.35
21	12.47	11.59	10.75
22	12.17	11.47	10.64

方法	阻抗(p.u.)					总阻抗(p.u.)	总成本× 10^-6/美元	计算时间/s
方法	线路12	线路14	线路15	线路16	线路26	总阻抗(p.u.)	总成本× 10^-6/美元	计算时间/s
敏感因子法^[11]	0.8	0.10	0.60	0.70	0.8	3.90	28.90	52
MINLP模型^[16]		0.87	0.58		1.0	2.45	17.45	1865
两阶段优化模型^[17]		0.33	0.29	0.43		1.05	16.05	1377
所提方法		0.27		0.59		0.86	10.86	6.26

${Z}_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{p}.\mathrm{u}.}$	FCL阻抗(p.u.)		总阻抗 (p.u.)	短路电流 /kA	计算时间/s
${Z}_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{p}.\mathrm{u}.}$	线路14	线路16	总阻抗 (p.u.)	短路电流 /kA	计算时间/s
0.2	0.4	0.6	1	9.6374	0.448
0.05	0.3	0.6	0.9	9.8537	1.087
0.01	0.27	0.59	0.86	9.9652	6.255
0.005	0.265	0.585	0.85	9.9975	10.442
0.001	0.261	0.587	0.848	9.9994	31.862

节点编号	电压等级/kV	故障电流/kA
14	225	67.18
868	225	63.66
1247	225	60.11
1552	380	84.29
1575	380	84.29

线路编号	电压等级/kV	阻抗(p.u.)
33	225	0.02
37	225	0.05
217	225	0.03
730	225	0.01
1478	225	0.03

撬棒启动下高比例风电系统阻抗矩阵修改与短路电流抑制

Modification of Impedance Matrix and Short-Circuit Current Suppression in High-Proportion Wind Power Systems with Crowbar Activation

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