基于变滤波时间常数和模糊控制的复合储能二次调频策略

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.516

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在复合储能系统中,协调不同类型储能之间的运行是提高储能调频性能的重要手段.为充分挖掘储能调频潜力,提出一种电池储能联合抽水蓄能的复合储能二次调频策略.针对传统一阶低通滤波器截止频率固定的缺点,提出滤波时间常数根据电网频率变化进行动态调整的方法,实现对复合储能内部调频指令分配.在调频阶段,考虑电池储能荷电状态(SOC)约束,设计电池储能-抽水蓄能协调控制的双模糊控制策略.在非调频阶段,根据logistic函数构建电池储能SOC自恢复曲线,利用抽水蓄能剩余容量对电池储能进行SOC自恢复.在两种典型工况下对该策略进行仿真分析,结果表明所提策略在改善调频效果和电池储能SOC状态方面具有优势.

关键词: 二次调频, 复合储能, 变滤波时间常数, 模糊控制, 荷电状态

Abstract:

In a composite energy storage system, coordinating the operation of different types of energy storage is an important approach to enhancing frequency regulation performance. To fully tap the potential of energy storage for frequency modulation, this paper proposes a secondary frequency modulation strategy based on a hybrid system combining battery energy storage and pumped hydro storage. To address the limitation of traditional first-order low-pass filter with fixed cutoff frequencies, it proposes a dynamic adjustment method for the filter time constant based on frequency variation, enabling flexible allocation of modulation commands in the composite storage system. During frequency modulation, it designs a dual fuzzy control strategy to coordinate battery energy storage and pumped hydro storage, taking into account the state of charge (SOC) constraint of the battery. During non-frequency modulation, it constructs the SOC self-recovery curve of the battery using the logistic function, and utilizes the remaining capacity of the pumped hydro storage to restore the battery SOC. Simulation analyses under two typical working conditions show that the proposed strategy has advantages in improving frequency modulation performance and maintaining the SOC of the battery energy storage system.

Key words: second frequency modulation, composite energy storage, variable filter time constant, fuzzy control, state of charge (SOC)

中图分类号:

TM761

张仕鹏, 李培强, 张亦君, 刘喜凤. 基于变滤波时间常数和模糊控制的复合储能二次调频策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(9): 1370-1382.

ZHANG Shipeng, LI Peiqiang, ZHANG Yijun, LIU Xifeng. Secondary Frequency Modulation Strategy of Composite Energy Storage Based on Variable Filter Time Constant and Fuzzy Control[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(9): 1370-1382.

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SOC	P_ref,B
SOC	NB	NM	NS	ZO	PS	PM	PB
NB	NB	NM	NS	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO
NM	NB	NM	NS	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO
NS	NB	NM	NS	ZO	PS	PM	PB
ZO	NB	NM	NS	ZO	PS	PM	PB
PS	NB	NM	NS	ZO	PS	PM	PB
PM	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO	PS	PM	PB
PB	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO	PS	PM	PB

ΔP_ref,B	K_H
ΔP_ref,B	NB	NM	NS	ZO	PS	PM	PB
NB	NB	NB	NB	NB	NB	NS	ZO
NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NM	NS	ZO
NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	ZO
ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO	ZO
PS	ZO	PS	PS	PS	PS	PS	PS
PM	ZO	PS	PM	PM	PM	PM	PM
PB	ZO	PS	PB	PB	PB	PB	PB

参数	数值	参数	数值
H₁, H₂/s	5	${D}_{1}^{p.u.}$, ${D}_{2}^{p.u.}$	1
${\beta }_{1}^{p.u.}$, ${\beta }_{2}^{p.u.}$	21	${a}_{12}^{p.u.}$, ${T}_{12}^{p.u.}$	1.18,1.6
${R}_{G}^{p.u.}$, ${R}_{H}^{p.u.}$	0.05, 0.04	T_G, T_H, T_B/s	0.1, 0.1, 0.01
${F}_{HP}^{p.u.}$	0.5	T_CH, T_RH/s	0.3,10
${K}_{p}^{p.u.}$, ${K}_{i}^{p.u.}$, ${K}_{d}^{p.u.}$	3, 0.8, 2	T_w/s	2.5

参数	数值	参数	数值
S_soc,max	0.9	S_soc,min	0.1
S_soc,high	0.55	S_soc,low	0.45
S_soc,1	0.725	S_soc,0	0.275
n_p.u.	15	${P}_{0}^{p.u.}$	0.01
Δf_db/Hz	0.0333	α	0.9

调频指标	Δ${{f}_{m}}^{p.u.}$	Δ${{f}_{rms}}^{p.u.}$	S_rms	${W}_{G}^{p.u.}$	${W}_{H}^{p.u.}$	${W}_{B}^{p.u.}$
方案一	-0.003664	0.000419		0.001913
方案二	-0.001929	0.000361	0.079035	0.000446	0.001422	0.000111
方案三	-0.001852	0.000344	0.071824	0.000425	0.001459	0.000095
所提方案	-0.001851	0.000340	0.070526	0.000418	0.001470	0.000092