上海交通大学学报

上海交通大学学报

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非轴对称布局压气机试验与数值模拟研究（网络首发）

  

  1. 1. 海装沈阳局驻沈阳地区某军事代表室；2. 上海交通大学航空航天学院；3. 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项（2017-II-0004-0017）； 上海市教委专项（2023科技02-7）；

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study of Compressors with Non-Axisymmetric Layouts

  1. （1. Navy Consumer Representative Office of Engine in Shenyang, Shenyang 110015，China；2.School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240，China; 3. Shenyang Engine Research Institute, AECC, Shenyang 110015，China）

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摘要： 实际轴流压气机中存在的叶片安装角和叶尖间隙非轴对称性偏差，对压气机气动性能和稳定性有较大影响。本文在四级低速大尺寸压气机试验台上，对原型、非轴对称安装角和间隙布局的三套压气机试验件开展了试验测量与数值模拟研究，以获得压气机总体性能、级间气动参数以及非轴对称性的影响。试验结果表明，两种非轴对称布局相较于原型都降低了压气机的效率，但是非轴对称间隙布局却将原型失速裕度提高了0.67%。数值模拟分析原因在于近失速工况下，当来自大间隙扇区的低能流体经过小间隙扇区时，高熵区被分解、不稳定流体被重构，进而缓解了失速特征。本文获得的原始测量数据校准了数值模拟工具，并为进一步明确高压压气机实际流场特征提供了参考。

关键词: 轴流压气机, 非轴对称布局, 加工偏差, 试验, 数值模拟, 气动性能

Abstract: The non-axisymmetric deviation of blade stagger angle and tip clearance has a significant impact on aerodynamic performance and stability in actual compressors. In this paper, three sets of compressor test, including the prototype with a uniform layout, as well as non-axisymmetric stagger angle and tip clearance layouts, were studied on a four-stage low-speed research compressor test rig. Experimental measurements and numerical simulations were conducted to obtain the overall performance, interstage aerodynamic parameters and non-axisymmetric properties. The test results show that the two non-axisymmetric layouts reduce compressor efficiency compared with the prototype, but the non-axisymmetric clearance layout increases the prototype stall margin by 0.67%. The reason for the numerical simulation analysis is that at the near-stall condition, when the low-energy fluid from the large clearance sector passes through the small clearance sector, the high-entropy region is decomposed and the unstable fluid is reconstructed, thus alleviating the stall characteristics. The original measurement data obtained in this paper calibrates the numerical simulation tool and provides a reference for further clarifying the actual flow field characteristics of high-pressure compressors.

Key words: axial compressor, non-axisymmetric layout, manufacturing deviation, experiment, numerical simulation, aerodynamic performance

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