2022年新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对中国大学生心理影响

doi:10.1007/s12204-022-2557-8

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为应对2022年3月以来的新一轮新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情，全国各地疫情高发的高校采取隔离措施控制疫情。以往新冠肺炎疫情的报道表明，处于隔离管控状态下的人群是心理健康障碍的高发人群。为了解新冠肺炎隔离管控对在校大学生的影响及其应对方式，本研究通过问卷调查评估了国内大学生的压力和焦虑状况，并提出有效的干预措施。本项目检索相关文献，从心理状况、疫情形势、学习情况、日常生活、体育运动、人际交往6个维度，设计共51个条目的问卷，于2022年4月2日至8日在问卷星网络平台发送问卷。采用广泛性焦虑-7量表(GAD-7)和抑郁-焦虑-压力量表-21(DASS-21)评估患者的心理状态，探讨其影响因素和应对措施。统计学分析采用χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果在508名调查对象中，因新冠肺炎疫情隔离导致的轻度焦虑(GAD评分≥5, DASS-21焦虑评分≥ 8)或压力(DASS-21压力评分≥14)的合并患病率为19.69% (100/508)。不同性别、地区、专业的COVID-19隔离大学生焦虑或压力检出率无统计学差异。χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，学习效率或持续时间[OR=1.36, 95%CI (1.14~1.62), P=0.001]是隔离状态下大学生出现轻度焦虑或压力的独立危险因素。隔离前心理健康[OR=0.22, 95%CI (0.13~0.36)，P<0.0001]、更多的低强度运动[OR=0.36，95%CI (0.15~0.87)，P=0.02，以高强度运动为参照]、良好的睡眠质量[OR=0.14，95%CI (0.07~0.30)，P<0.0001: OR=0.42, 95%CI (0.30~0.59)，P <0.0001]是缓解我国大学生对本轮新冠肺炎疫情隔离焦虑或压力的保护因素。本研究结果显示，2022年新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情隔离期间，少数大学生存在轻度焦虑，其受到学习效率下降或时间的影响，低强度运动和良好的睡眠质量可缓解焦虑。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎，心理调查，大学生，焦虑，压力

Abstract: In response to the new round of COVID-19 outbreaks since March 2022, universities with high outbreak rates around the country have taken quarantine measures to contain the epidemic. Evidence from previous coronavirus outbreaks has shown that people under quarantine are at risk for mental health disorders. To better understand the impacts of this round of COVID-19 quarantine on domestic college students and their responses, we conducted a systematic survey to assess the stress and anxiety, and to evaluate effective measurements in this population. We searched relevant documents and literature, and designed a questionnaire from six aspects, including psychological status, epidemic situation, study, daily life, sports, and interpersonal communication, with 51 items in total. We sent the questionnaire on the Wenjuanxing Web platform, from April 2 to 8, 2022. We evaluated the mental status according to parts of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), and investigated the influencing risk factors and countermeasures. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Chi-square test and multi-variable logistic regression. In total, 508 college respondents were recruited in our survey, and the pooled prevalence of mild anxiety (GAD score 5, or DASS-21 anxiety score 8) or stress (DASS-21 pressure score 14) caused by the new round of COVID-19 pandemic quarantine was 19.69% (100/508). The prevalence of the anxiety or stress in college students with COVID-19 quarantine between different genders, regions, and majors was not significantly different. Independent risk factors for the mild anxiety or stress of undergraduates by COVID-19 quarantine included learning efficiency or duration [OR = 1.36, 95%CI (1.14—1.62), P = 0.001], based on the combined analysis of Chi-square test analysis with multi-variable logistic regression analysis. Interestingly, the mental well-beings before COVID-19 epidemic quarantine [OR = 0.22, 95%CI (0.13—0.36), P < 0.000 1], more low-intensity exercise [OR = 0.36, 95%CI (0.15—0.87), P = 0.02, high-intensity exercise as reference], and good sleep quality [OR = 0.14, 95%CI (0.07—0.30), P < 0.000 1: OR = 0.42, 95%CI (0.30—0.59), P < 0.000 1] are protective factors for alleviating the quarantinecaused anxiety or stress in Chinese college students for this round of COVID-19 epidemic quarantine. During the round of COVID-19 epidemic quarantine in 2022, a small number of college students have mild anxiety, affected by decreased learning efficiency or duration, which could be mitigated with low-intensity exercise and good sleep quality.

Key words: COVID-19, psychological investigation, college students, anxiety, stress

中图分类号:

R181.8
G444

洪冬羊1,3, 王金霞2,3, 张虹洋2,3, 曹紫阳2,3, 晏紫君2,3, 邹琳2,3. 2022年新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对中国大学生心理影响[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2024, 29(1): 141-149.

HONG Dongyang^1,3 (洪冬羊), WANG Jinxia^2,3 (王金霞), ZHANG Hongyang^2,3 (张虹洋), CAO Ziyang^2,3 (曹紫阳), YAN Zijun ^2,3 (晏紫君), ZOU Lin^2,3∗(邹琳). Psychological Impact of the 2022 Round COVID-19 Pandemic on China’s College Students[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2024, 29(1): 141-149.

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