In order to reduce the power loss of the transmission equipment, improve the transmission efficiency of the propulsion shafting, and improve the vibration performance of the shafting, the multiobjective optimization design of a ship shafting experimental platform based on the response surface model and genetic algorithm is carried out in this paper. CCD star point design method is used to select reasonable experimental points in the optimized design space, and the response surface model with minimum total power consumption and vibration response amplitude is fitted. Based on genetic algorithm, Matlab software is used to solve the Pareto optimal solution of response surface model regression function. Comparing and analyzing several groups of optimization results, the optimal design scheme is obtained. The research results show that the combined method can reduce the power loss of shafting by about 7%, effectively improve the transmission efficiency of shafting, reduce the vibration amplitude of shafting by 2.3%, and effectively suppress the vibration problem of propulsion shafting, thus verifying the correctness and feasibility of the multi-objective optimization method of the ship propulsion shafting.