Abstract:

Battery-swapping heavy trucks play a crucial role in the development of green logistics parks. However, their large-scale deployment and improvement of profitability face challenges due to limited grid access and capacity expansion at swapping stations. To address these issues, this paper introduces mobile energy storage vehicles (MESVs) as flexible dispatch resources within the truck-station system and proposes a comprehensive energy scheduling strategy for rigid heavy-truck load scenarios. First, based on typical daily wind-solar-thermal power output scenarios, a full-state transition model of MESV is established, incorporating coordinated charging/discharging constraints between plant and field sites as well as transportation resource limitations. Then, with the objective of minimizing total operating costs, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) method is developed to simultaneously optimize MESV states, charging/discharging power, and transport arrangements. By integrating minimum feasible configuration determination with vehicle-discharge duration coupling analysis, operational thresholds are identified. Finally, multi-scenario simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy ensures the temporal continuity of coordinated charging/discharging operations while achieving optimal balance between task completion time and operational economy under the minimum operational boundary, highlighting its practical value in grid-constrained environments.

Key words: mobile energy storage vehicle (MESV), battery swapping for heavy trucks, coordinated charging and discharging, configuration boundary, mixed integer linear programming (MILP), typical scene scheduling