现代供电服务体系对用电客户服务的服务质量提出更高要求,精准的供电服务话务量预测不仅可以提高用电客户服务质量,还能有效降低客服人员成本.为此,基于集成学习和卷积神经网络提出一种电网短期话务量预测方法.首先,采用孤立森林算法进行异常数据识别,建立拉格朗日插值函数对异常数据或缺失数据进行修补;其次,利用层次分析法量化用户信息、气象信息和停电信息,采用灰色关联法分析话务量的影响因子,将影响因子作为话务量预测模型输入;然后,构建自适应增强(Adaboost)算法集成多个卷积神经网络(CNN)模型,提出一种Adaboost-CNN的话务量预测模型;最后,考虑供电服务系统增值服务,对预测结果进行修正,得到最终的话务量预测值.算例分析表明,所提预测模型较单一预测模型误差平均减少11.05个百分点、较组合预测模型误差平均减少5.32个百分点,具有更好的预测精度.

The introduction of modern power supply service system has raised higher requirements for the service quality of electricity customer service. Accurate power supply service traffic prediction not only improves the quality of power customer service, but also effectively reduces the cost of customer service personnel. Therefore, this paper proposes a short-term traffic prediction method for power grid based on Adaboost and convolutional neural network (Adaboost-CNN) and a value-added service correction method. First, the isolated forest algorithm is used to identify the abnormal data, and the Lagrange interpolation function is applied to repair the abnormal data or missing data. Next, the analytic hierarchy process is employed to quantify user information, meteorological data, and power outage details. The grey correlation method is then used to analyze the influence factors of traffic volume, and these factors are incorporated as inputs to the traffic volume prediction model. An Adaboost algorithm is applied to integrate multiple CNN models, resulting in an Adaboost-CNN traffic prediction model. Finally, considering the value-added services within the power supply service system, the prediction results of the model are corrected to obtain the final traffic prediction value. The case analysis shows that the proposed forecasting model reduces prediction error by an average of 11.05 percentage points compared to a single forecasting model and by 5.32 percentage points compared to a combined forecasting model, demonstrating better forecasting accuracy.