低压配电系统剩余电流保护与重合闸逻辑组合优化方法

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.438

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 901-911.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.438

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

低压配电系统剩余电流保护与重合闸逻辑组合优化方法

徐寒¹, 朱三立¹, 张腾飞¹(), 陈舒², 刘明祥³

1.南京邮电大学自动化学院、人工智能学院,南京 210023
2.国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,南京 211103
3.南瑞集团有限公司(国网电力科学研究院有限公司),南京 211106

收稿日期:2023-09-01 修回日期:2023-10-26 接受日期:2023-12-26 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2025-07-22
通讯作者: 张腾飞 E-mail:tfzhang@126.com
作者简介:徐寒(1999—),硕士生,从事低压配电网保护研究.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62073173);国家自然科学基金(61833011)

Optimization Method for Combination of Residual Current Protection and Coincidence Brake Logic in a Low-Voltage Distribution System

XU Han¹, ZHU Sanli¹, ZHANG Tengfei¹(), CHEN Shu², LIU Mingxiang³

1. College of Automation and College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
2. State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd. Research Institute, Nanjing 211103, China
3. NARI Group Corporation (State Grid Electric Power Research Institute), Nanjing 211006, China

Received:2023-09-01 Revised:2023-10-26 Accepted:2023-12-26 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2025-07-22
Contact: ZHANG Tengfei E-mail:tfzhang@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低压配电系统触漏电事故频发,但生物体触电与三相不平衡等非正常运行状态下的故障特征难以区分,导致现有剩余电流保护装置无法正常工作,低压配电系统供电安全性与供电连续性难以兼顾.为此,提出一种剩余电流保护与重合闸逻辑组合优化方法,用于处理低压配电系统触漏电事故引起的接地故障.首先,在入户变压器低压侧同时装设剩余电流保护装置和自动重合闸,当检测到故障相剩余电流过阈值后,瞬时跳开断路器以优先保障供电安全性;其次,提取剩余电流信号的鲁棒经验模态分解近似熵特征值和固有模态时域特征值,建立过阈值状态识别神经网络;最后,基于该神经网络模型对生物体触电状态和三相不平衡状态进行有效区分,优化剩余电流保护定值整定算法和自动重合闸的动作逻辑以兼顾供电连续性.仿真分析表明:该模型迭代7次后的分类结果均方误差仅为9.49×10^-9,相关系数达到0.99,验证了所提故障处理方法的可行性.

关键词: 低压配电系统, 生物体触电, 剩余电流保护, 鲁棒经验模态分解, 自动重合闸

Abstract:

Low-voltage distribution systems frequently experience leakage current accidents. However, it is challenging to distinguish fault characteristics in abnormal operating conditions, such as electric shock to biological organisms and three-phase imbalance, which leads to the improper operation of existing residual current protection devices, making it difficult to balance both the safety and continuity of power supply in low-voltage distribution systems. Therefore, an optimization method is proposed for combination of the residual current protection and the coincidence reclosing logic to address the ground fault caused by the leakage of the low-voltage distribution system. First, the residual current protection device and the automatic reclosing switch are installed in the low-voltage side outlet of the transformer. When the over-threshold residual current of the fault phase is detected, the instantaneous skip circuit breaker is used to ensure the safety of the power supply. Then, the robust empirical mode decomposition-approximate entropy value and the intrinsic mode function-time domain eigenvalue of the residual current signal are extracted, followed by the establishment of a genetic algorithm-backpropagation over-threshold status identification neural network. Finally, based on the neural network model, the electrical and three-phase imbalance characteristics are effectively separated. The action logic of the residual current protection value setting algorithm and the automatic coincidence brake is optimized to ensure the continuity of power supply. The simulation analysis shows that the error of the classification results of the model after seven iterations is only 9.49×10^-9 with a correlation coefficient of 0.99, confirming the feasibility of the proposed method.

Key words: low-voltage distribution system, bio-electrocution, residual current protection, robust empirical mode decomposition (REMD), automatic reclosing

中图分类号:

TM732

徐寒, 朱三立, 张腾飞, 陈舒, 刘明祥. 低压配电系统剩余电流保护与重合闸逻辑组合优化方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(7): 901-911.

XU Han, ZHU Sanli, ZHANG Tengfei, CHEN Shu, LIU Mingxiang. Optimization Method for Combination of Residual Current Protection and Coincidence Brake Logic in a Low-Voltage Distribution System[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(7): 901-911.

图/表 12

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参考文献 26

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电气设备或模型	参数	值或调节范围
电源	电源电压/kV	10.5
变压器	一次侧额定电压/kV	10
	二次侧额定电压/kV	0.4
线路	正序电阻/Ω	0.01273
	零序电阻/Ω	0.3864
电弧模型	耗散功率/W	0.1~1
	时间常数	1×10^-4~1×10^-3
人体阻抗模型	皮肤电阻/kΩ	1~100
	皮肤电容/nF	20
	生物体内部电阻/Ω	1000
配电线路	接线形式	TN-C
		TN-S
		TN-C-S

样本序号	A相负荷/kW	B相负荷/kW	C相负荷/kW	I_A/A	I_B/A	I_C/A	I₀/mA	γ/%
1	2.55	2.55	0	9.96	10.03	0.068	37.41	99.36
2	3.40	1.28	0.43	8.08	7.13	2.760	38.81	65.89
3	6.80	2.55	0.85	16.06	14.21	5.470	39.15	65.95
4	5.95	1.70	2.25	16.22	9.87	12.390	30.33	39.19
5	10.20	0	0	26.54	0.08	0.080	75.19	70.51
6	7.51	2.55	0	14.94	14.91	0.071	49.53	99.53
7	6.00	6.00	0	23.45	23.52	0.070	37.62	99.71
8	4.50	1.28	0.55	9.13	7.60	3.580	43.11	60.85
9	5.10	0	0	0.26	0.08	0.080	74.82	70.46

状态	样本编号	IMF1	IMF2	IMF3	IMF4	IMF5	IMF6	IMF7	IMF8	a
生物体触电	1	3.44×10^-4	8.17×10^-4	4.89×10^-4	1.60×10^-4	2.92×10^-4	1.62×10^-4	1.94×10^-4		2.375
	2	2.12×10^-3	1.74×10^-3	2.11×10^-4	1.75×10^-4	1.78×10^-4	2.40×10^-4	1.39×10^-4		0.82
	3	5.12×10^-4	9.88×10^-4	6.53×10^-4	4.31×10^-4	1.72×10^-4	2.43×10^-4	1.94×10^-4	1.51×10^-4	1.93
	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
	79	1.76×10^-3	7.82×10^-4	4.13×10^-4	3.69×10^-4	2.19×10^-4	1.19×10^-4	1.92×10^-4		0.84
	80	1.35×10^-3	1.26×10^-3	5.83×10^-4	4.88×10^-4	2.90×10^-4	7.33×10^-4	1.60×10^-4	1.95×10^-4	0.93
三相不平衡	81	2.15×10^-3	1.94×10^-4	3.49×10^-4	2.78×10^-4	1.01×10^-4				0.09
	82	1.97×10^-4	2.51×10^-4	2.28×10^-4	1.68×10^-4	2.58×10^-4	2.13×10^-4			0.47
	83	2.04×10^-3	1.17×10^-3	4.34×10^-4	3.11×10^-4	2.08×10^-4	1.98×10^-4			0.87
	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
	159	2.06×10^-3	3.46×10^-4	3.19×10^-4	2.14×10^-4	2.17×10^-4	2.34×10^-4			0.16
	160	2.05×10^-3	3.41×10^-4	3.22×10^-4	1.54×10^-4	2.83×10^-4	2.54×10^-4			0.17

样本编号	IMF	标准差	裕度因子	能量值	样本编号	IMF	标准差	裕度因子	能量值
1	1	5.32×10^-1	1.76	2.73×10⁴	81	1	4.15	8.02×10^-1	1.03×10⁶
	2	1.55×10^-1	43.1	2.41×10³		2	10.22	2.07×10^-1	6.60×10⁶
	3	3.10×10^-1	15.4	7.69×10³		3	13.44	1.73×10^-1	1.09×10⁷
	4	1.74×10^-1	11.1	4.84×10³		4	2.73	1.54×10^-1	9.14×10⁵
	5	8.57×10^-2	7.85	1.10×10³		5	2.81	6.12×10^-1	4.85×10⁵
	6	3.67×10^-2	75.4	1.18×10²		6	1.38×10^-2	1.24×10^-2	13.28
	7	3.33×10^-2	50.6	92.99		7
	8					8
2	1	4.34×10^-1	2.32	1.85×10⁴	82	1	3.09	1.04	5.76×10⁵
	2	1.36×10^-1	71.8	1.69×10³		2	6.28×10^-1	4.31	2.90×10⁴
	3	1.90×10^-1	26.11	3.09×10³		3	2.11	1.52	2.71×10⁵
	4	1.40×10^-1	17.02	1.59×10³		4	2.89	8.97×10^-1	6.90×10⁵
	5	1.29×10^-1	15.57	2.06×10³		5	6.83×10^-1	2.85×10^-1	1.04×10⁶
	6	3.15×10^-2	28.87	1.41×10²		6	1.97	1.47	2.37×10⁵
	7	5.94×10^-2	29.83	2.84×10²		7
	8	2.08×10^-2	1.27×10²	37.2		8
……	……
80	1	9.79×10^-2	32.74	8.82×10²	160	1	3.46	9.66×10^-1	7.21×10⁵
	2	7.69×10^-2	63.74	5.08×10²		2	8.75×10^-1	6.6	4.64×10⁴
	3	7.54×10^-2	1.19×10²	4.78×10²		3	2.53×10^-1	9.34	3.84×10³
	4	3.76×10^-2	61.54	1.14×10²		4	4.45×10^-2	43.6	1.27×10²
	5	4.65×10^-2	48.45	1.81×10²		5	3.55×10^-2	57.8	82.46
	6	4.31×10^-2	41.25	3.16×10²		6	1.90×10^-3	1.40×103	2.30×10^-1
	7	5.06×10^-3	2.69×10²	3.34		7
	8	3.37×10^-3	5.11×10²	9.28×10^-1		8

低压配电系统剩余电流保护与重合闸逻辑组合优化方法

Optimization Method for Combination of Residual Current Protection and Coincidence Brake Logic in a Low-Voltage Distribution System

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