含柔性软开关有源配电网故障恢复合闸时冲击电流对电流保护的影响

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.194

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 270-276.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.194

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

含柔性软开关有源配电网故障恢复合闸时冲击电流对电流保护的影响

杨增力¹, 王若琪², 胡炎²(), 范春菊², 王晶¹

1 国网湖北省电力有限公司,武汉 430077
2 上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院,上海 200240

收稿日期:2024-05-27 修回日期:2024-09-01 接受日期:2024-11-21 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-06
通讯作者: 胡炎 E-mail:yanhu@sjtu.edu.cn.
作者简介:杨增力(1982—),高级工程师,从事电力系统继电保护研究和管理相关工作.
基金资助:
国网湖北省电力有限公司科技项目(52150522000W)

Impact of Impulse Current on Current Protection in Fault Recovery and Closing of Active Distribution Networks with Soft Open Point

YANG Zengli¹, WANG Ruoqi², HU Yan²(), FAN Chunju², WANG Jing¹

1 State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430077, China
2 School of ElectronicInformation and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Received:2024-05-27 Revised:2024-09-01 Accepted:2024-11-21 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-06
Contact: HU Yan E-mail:yanhu@sjtu.edu.cn.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在含分布式电源的配电网故障恢复中,利用柔性软开关(SOP)替代联络开关,能够在进行负荷转供的同时对分布式电源进行电压支撑.然而,柔性软开关引入的双侧电源重合闸在两端电压不一致时易产生冲击电流,若未控制,将危及配电网的安全运行.本文将柔性软开关在故障恢复过程中的支撑电压与系统电源电压之间可能存在的相位差作为冲击电流的主源之一,同时考虑分布式电源接入点电压相位突变对冲击电流的贡献,将系统总合闸冲击电流表示为两部分的叠加并给出其物理含义,提出总合闸冲击电流的简化计算公式,并通过时域仿真在标准配电网模型下验证公式的正确性与合理性.基于最大冲击电流的极限分析,探讨合闸冲击电流对系统侧电流保护的影响,并给出配电网允许接入的分布式电源容量上限,指出容量过大可能导致保护动作失效的风险.

关键词: 分布式电源, 柔性软开关, 冲击电流, 故障恢复, 电流保护

Abstract:

In distribution networks with distributed generation (DG), employing a soft open point (SOP) to replace a tie switch during fault recovery enables load transfer and simultaneous voltage support for distributed generations. However, the bidirectional breaker closure enabled by SOP can induce surge currents when the voltages on the two sides are not aligned, potentially compromising system security if not controlled. This paper treats the phase difference between the SOP-supported voltage during fault recovery and the system power supply voltage as a principal source of the closing surge current, and also accounts for the voltage phase jump at the DG interconnection point. The total closing surge current is expressed as the superposition of two contributing parts with their physical interpretations provided. A simplified formula for the total closing surge current is proposed of which the correctness and reasonableness is validated by time-domain simulations on a standard distribution network model. The impact of the closing surge on system-side current protection is examined and an upper bound on the permissible DG capacity for the network is identified based on a limit analysis of the maximum surge current. The results indicate that over-sized DG capacity may pose a risk of failure in protection actions.

Key words: distributed generation (DG), soft open point (SOP), surge current, fault recovery, current protection

中图分类号:

TM762.2

杨增力, 王若琪, 胡炎, 范春菊, 王晶. 含柔性软开关有源配电网故障恢复合闸时冲击电流对电流保护的影响[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(2): 270-276.

YANG Zengli, WANG Ruoqi, HU Yan, FAN Chunju, WANG Jing. Impact of Impulse Current on Current Protection in Fault Recovery and Closing of Active Distribution Networks with Soft Open Point[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(2): 270-276.

图/表 6

图1

图2

表1

表2

图3

表3

合闸冲击电流对各阶段电流保护的影响总结

保护类型	电流速断保护	限时电流速断保护	定时限过电流保护
合闸冲击电流是否对保护产生影响	是	是	否
不影响保护准确动作的DG容量限制	$P 2 E ϕ 2 Z s + L' Z l × K r e l I K z - 2 1 + K$	$P 2 E ϕ 2 Z s + L' Z l × K r e l I I K r e l I - 2 1 + K$	$P 2 E ϕ K r e l I I I K s s K r e I L, m a x - 4 E ϕ 2 Z s + L' Z l + Z 1$

表3

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DG出力/ MW	i^*理论值/A	i^*仿真值/A	I_DG,max 仿真值/A	M= I_DG,max/i^*
0.5	29	24	41	1.414
1.0	58	53	82	1.414
1.5	87	82	121	1.391
2.0	115	112	162	1.409

DG出力/ MW	I₁理论值/A	I_DG,max 理论值/A	I_imp理论值/A	I_imp仿真值/A
0.5	455	43	498	495
1.0	455	87	542	507
1.5	455	130	585	530
2.0	455	172	627	566

含柔性软开关有源配电网故障恢复合闸时冲击电流对电流保护的影响

Impact of Impulse Current on Current Protection in Fault Recovery and Closing of Active Distribution Networks with Soft Open Point

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