基于时-频行波全息映射的有源配电网故障定位方法

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.063

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 256-269.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.063

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

基于时-频行波全息映射的有源配电网故障定位方法

曾举鹏¹, 曾祥君¹(), 白浩², 喻锟¹, 杨炜晨², 龙璇林¹, 壮婕¹

1 长沙理工大学电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室,长沙 410114
2 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广州 510663

收稿日期:2024-02-29 修回日期:2024-04-08 接受日期:2024-04-24 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-06
通讯作者: 曾祥君 E-mail:eexjzeng@163.com.
作者简介:曾举鹏(1997—),博士生,从事电力系统保护与故障定位.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52037001);国家自然科学基金(52177070);中国南方电网有限责任公司科技项目(YNKJXM20210175)

Fault Location Method for Active Distribution Networks Based on Holographic-Mapping of Time-Frequency Traveling Waves

ZENG Jupeng¹, ZENG Xiangjun¹(), BAI Hao², YU Kun¹, YANG Weichen², LONG Xuanlin¹, ZHUANG Jie¹

1 State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
2 Electric Power Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid, Guangzhou 510663, China

Received:2024-02-29 Revised:2024-04-08 Accepted:2024-04-24 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-06
Contact: ZENG Xiangjun E-mail:eexjzeng@163.com.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

现有多数配电网故障定位方法往往需要依赖时域或频域信号的局部波头信息,定位鲁棒性受到限制,同时难以适应有源配电网日益凸显的“双高”特征.为此,分析了能有效避免新能源接入引起波形畸变的行波时间和频率范围,揭示该范围下行波波形与故障位置之间一一对应的全息映射关系;构建特定时间窗和频率窗的故障行波时-频矩阵,并基于波形特征全息映射匹配技术提出一种有源配电网故障定位方法,通过挖掘矩阵能量幅值偏差累加趋势与故障点位置之间的比例关系实现故障精确定位.仿真测试和真型试验表明:该方法能有效摆脱新能源接入以及架空-电缆线路混联等配电网复杂结构对故障定位的影响,灵活地将故障定位问题转化为时-频行波波形全息映射匹配问题,提高有源配电网故障定位的准确性和鲁棒性.

关键词: 有源配电网, 行波, 故障定位, 全息映射, 时-频分析

Abstract:

Some existing fault location methods for distribution networks rely heavily on the local wave head information in the time or frequency domain, resulting in poor location robustness and difficulty in adapting to the increasingly prominent “dual-high” characteristics of active distribution networks. To address this problem, traveling wave time and frequency ranges which can effectively prevent waveform distortion caused by new energy access are analyzed, and the one-to-one holographic-mapping relationship between the traveling wave waveforms in these ranges and the fault positions is revealed. A fault traveling wave time-frequency matrix is constructed based on specific time and frequency windows, and an active distribution network fault location method is proposed based on the holographic-mapping matching technique of waveform features, which realizes the accurate fault location by exploring the proportionality between the cumulative trend of the matrix energy amplitude deviation and the fault point position. Simulation tests and real field model experiments prove that the method effectively overcomes the impact of new energy integration and the complex structure of overhead-cable hybrid lines on fault location, and flexibly transforms the fault location problem into a time-frequency traveling wave holographic-mapping matching problem, which improves the accuracy and robustness of the fault location in active distribution networks.

Key words: active distribution network, traveling wave, fault location, holographic-mapping, time-frequency analysis

中图分类号:

TM712

曾举鹏, 曾祥君, 白浩, 喻锟, 杨炜晨, 龙璇林, 壮婕. 基于时-频行波全息映射的有源配电网故障定位方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(2): 256-269.

ZENG Jupeng, ZENG Xiangjun, BAI Hao, YU Kun, YANG Weichen, LONG Xuanlin, ZHUANG Jie. Fault Location Method for Active Distribution Networks Based on Holographic-Mapping of Time-Frequency Traveling Waves[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(2): 256-269.

图/表 21

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

表1

不同真实故障点定位结果

真实故障点	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
F₁	[V(1), 0.9877]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3296(E₁)	29.6
F₂	[V(17), 0.9413]	[V(18), 0.9995]	E₁E₆	0.0081(E₆)	8.1
F₃	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5

表1

图12

表2

不同故障类型下定位结果

故障类型	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
AG	[V(1), 0.9877]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3296(E₁)	29.6
CG	[V(1), 0.9878]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3255(E₁)	25.5
AB	[V(1), 0.9877]	[V(2), 0.9502]	E₁E₂	1.3140(E₁)	14.0
BCG	[V(1), 0.9880]	[V(2), 0.9503]	E₁E₂	1.3201(E₁)	20.1
ABC	[V(1), 0.9878]	[V(2), 0.9500]	E₁E₂	1.3099(E₁)	9.9

表2

表3

不同过渡电阻下定位结果

过渡电阻/Ω	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
0	[V(17), 0.9412]	[V(18), 0.9997]	E₁E₆	0.0152(E₆)	15.2
50	[V(17), 0.9410]	[V(18), 0.9998]	E₁E₆	0.0105(E₆)	10.5
500	[V(17), 0.9413]	[V(18), 0.9997]	E₁E₆	0.0077(E₆)	7.7
1 000	[V(17), 0.9413]	[V(18), 0.9995]	E₁E₆	0.0081(E₆)	8.1
5 000	[V(17), 0.9395]	[V(18), 0.9987]	E₁E₆	0.0128(E₆)	12.8

表3

表4

不同故障初相角下定位结果

故障初相角/(°)	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
1.5	[V(32), 0.9376]	[V(33), 0.9811]	E₈E₉	2.8891(E₈)	10.9
5	[V(32), 0.9424]	[V(33), 0.9903]	E₈E₉	2.8658(E₈)	34.2
30	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
60	[V(32), 0.9465]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8780(E₈)	22.0
90	[V(32), 0.9460]	[V(33), 0.9985]	E₈E₉	2.8747(E₈)	25.3

表4

表5

不同DG类型和容量下定位结果

DG类型	DG₁容量/MW	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果 (参考端)/km	定位误差/m
燃料电池	0.1	[V(32), 0.9465]	[V(33), 0.9989]	E₈E₉	2.8668(E₈)	33.2
	4	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
	10	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9987]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
光伏电池	0.1	[V(32), 0.9465]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
	4	[V(32), 0.9464]	[V(33), 0.9986]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5
	10	[V(32), 0.9468]	[V(33), 0.9987]	E₈E₉	2.8665(E₈)	33.5

表5

图13

表6

真型试验故障定位结果

过渡电阻	$[V (p), T a n i (S F, S V (p))]$	$[V (p + 1), T a n i (S F, S V (p + 1))]$	故障区段	定位结果(参考端)/km	定位误差/m
50	[V(6), 0.8945]	[V(7), 0.9976]	#380-2-#10	0.0087(2-#10)	8.7
500	[V(6), 0.8968]	[V(7), 0.9977]	#380-2-#10	0.0099(2-#10)	9.9
2 500	[V(6), 0.8762]	[V(7), 0.9954]	#380-2-#10	0.0145(2-#10)	14.5

表6

图14

图15

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基于时-频行波全息映射的有源配电网故障定位方法

Fault Location Method for Active Distribution Networks Based on Holographic-Mapping of Time-Frequency Traveling Waves

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