惯性同步控制三相PWM变换器的四象限控制特性分析及参数设计

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.094

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 277-288.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.094

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

惯性同步控制三相PWM变换器的四象限控制特性分析及参数设计

郭子腾¹, 王晗¹, 王富文², 曹云峰¹, 张建文¹, 蔡旭¹()

1 上海交通大学电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室,上海 200240
2 鲁能新能源(集团)有限公司,北京 100020

收稿日期:2024-03-21 修回日期:2024-07-25 接受日期:2024-09-23 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-06
通讯作者: 蔡旭 E-mail:xucai@sjtu.edu.cn.
作者简介:郭子腾(2001—),博士生,从事新能源电力变换与并网技术研究.
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4204400)

Analysis of Four-Quadrant Control Characteristics and Parameter Design of Inertia Synchronized Three-Phase PWM Converter

GUO Ziteng¹, WANG Han¹, WANG Fuwen², CAO Yunfeng¹, ZHANG Jianwen¹, CAI Xu¹()

1 Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2 Luneng New Energy (Group) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100020, China

Received:2024-03-21 Revised:2024-07-25 Accepted:2024-09-23 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-06
Contact: CAI Xu E-mail:xucai@sjtu.edu.cn.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新能源发电单元构网的主流方案之一是脉冲宽度调制(PWM)变换器做惯性同步控制,但现有研究重点关注逆变器状态下的变换器控制特性,忽略了其四象限控制特性及系统控制参数设计方法.针对上述问题,首先,构建考虑预同步环节的惯性同步控制变换器线性模型,推导直流电压-相角及无功功率-电压的频域解析表达式.然后,设计直流电压环路和无功功率环路的关键控制参数设计方法.最后,利用仿真和实验验证所提方法可行性,分析变换器的四象限控制特性及惯量支撑能力.结果表明:惯性同步控制变换器的直流电压环路与无功功率环路在四象限运行区间内强耦合,致使直流电压扰动引发无功功率显著波动;尽管其具备惯量支撑能力,但由于直流电容惯量较小,所以效果尚不明显.研究结果为下一步开展直流电压-无功解耦控制及惯量支撑能力增强控制方法研究奠定基础.

关键词: 脉冲宽度调制变换器, 惯性同步控制, 参数设计, 控制特性

Abstract:

One of the mainstream schemes for grid-forming control in new energy power generation units is the inertia synchronization control for pulse width modulation (PWM) converters (ISynC-converter). However, existing research primarily focuses on the control characteristics in inverter mode, while studies on its four-quadrant control characteristics and parameter design methods for system control remain insufficient. To address these issues, a linearized model of the ISynC-converter is first established considering the pre-synchronization stage, and the frequency-domain analytical equations for direct current (DC) voltage-phase angle and reactive power-voltage are developed. Then, a design method for key control parameters in the DC voltage loop and reactive power loop is proposed. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method is verified through simulations and experiments, and the four-quadrant control characteristics as well as inertia support capability are analyzed. The results indicate that the DC voltage and reactive power loops of the ISynC-converter exhibit strong coupling in all four-quadrant operating regions, leading to significant reactive power fluctuations during DC voltage disturbances. Additionally, while the ISynC-converter demonstrates inertia support capability, its effect is limited due to the low inertia contribution of the DC capacitor. These findings provide a foundation for further research on decoupling control between the DC voltage and reactive power loops, as well as strategies to enhance inertia support capabilities.

Key words: pulse width modulation (PWM) converter, inertia synchronization control (ISynC), parameter design, control characteristics

中图分类号:

TM461.5

郭子腾, 王晗, 王富文, 曹云峰, 张建文, 蔡旭. 惯性同步控制三相PWM变换器的四象限控制特性分析及参数设计[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(2): 277-288.

GUO Ziteng, WANG Han, WANG Fuwen, CAO Yunfeng, ZHANG Jianwen, CAI Xu. Analysis of Four-Quadrant Control Characteristics and Parameter Design of Inertia Synchronized Three-Phase PWM Converter[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(2): 277-288.

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参数	取值	参数	取值
U_DC/V	30	C/μF	8×330
U_g/V	11.5	电网频率,f/Hz	50
S_B/W	22.5	K_pss	1
开关频率,f_sw/kHz	10	K_pq	0.0488
T_d/μs	2	K_iq	1.3329
X/Ω	0.346	K_pDC	0.1013
R/Ω	0.315	K_iDC	0.5748

惯性同步控制三相PWM变换器的四象限控制特性分析及参数设计

Analysis of Four-Quadrant Control Characteristics and Parameter Design of Inertia Synchronized Three-Phase PWM Converter

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