基于弛豫时间的不同工况下直接甲醇燃料电池性能退化分析

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.110

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 289-299.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.110

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

基于弛豫时间的不同工况下直接甲醇燃料电池性能退化分析

王阳达¹, 王建国², 连冠³(), 张大骋¹

1 昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院,昆明 650500
2 中国铜业有限公司,昆明 650000
3 云南省建筑工程设计院有限公司,昆明 650000

收稿日期:2024-04-02 修回日期:2024-05-27 接受日期:2024-07-11 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-06
通讯作者: 连冠 E-mail:guan.lian@outlook.com.
作者简介:王阳达(1998—),硕士生,从事燃料电池系统可靠性研究.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62103174);云南省科技厅重大专项(202202AD080006)

Performance Degradation Analysis of DMFC Under Different Operating Conditions Based on Relaxation Times

WANG Yangda¹, WANG Jianguo², LIAN Guan³(), ZHANG Dacheng¹

1 Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
2 China Copper Corporation Limited, Kunming 650000, China
3 Yunnan Architectural Engineering Design Corporation Limited, Kunming 650000, China

Received:2024-04-02 Revised:2024-05-27 Accepted:2024-07-11 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-06
Contact: LIAN Guan E-mail:guan.lian@outlook.com.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)在全球统一轻型车辆测试循环(WLTC)和中国轻型汽车测试循环(CLTC)两种不同工况下的性能退化特征,采用极化曲线、等效电路模型和弛豫时间分布(DRT)相结合的方法分析DMFC的退化特征.根据波形演变,利用电化学阻抗谱计算DRT,表征DMFC各极化过程中的退化.结果表明:在WLTC工况下性能的衰退要大于CLTC工况.两种工况下,传质过程阻碍都对DMFC性能退化起主导作用,传质过程阻碍变化率在WLTC工况下为2.39 mΩ/h,CLTC工况下为0.764 mΩ/h;氧还原反应阻碍不受工况影响.在CLTC工况下,其显著的动态波动性和丰富的瞬态工况对质子传输构成较大阻碍,有效降低膜结合水含量,但对传质阻碍的影响较小,促进了氧气扩散速率的提升.根据氧还原反应阻碍的弛豫时间分布,建立一个燃料电池退化模型用于表征DMFC的健康状态,为DMFC运行中的健康状态评估提供了参考.

关键词: 不同工况, 直接甲醇燃料电池, 等效电路模型, 弛豫时间分布, 性能退化特征

Abstract:

To investigate the performance degradation characteristics of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) under two different operating conditions, the worldwide harmonized light vehicle test cycle (WLTC) and China light vehicle test cycle (CLTC), a combined method of polarization curves, equivalent circuit models, and the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) is adopted to analyze the performance degradation characteristics of DMFC. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the degradation behavior of DMFC is characterized during the polarization process by calculating the variation in DRT based on the evolution of the waveforms. The results show that the degradation in the WLTC condition is more severe than in the CLTC condition. The obstruction of the mass transfer process resistance plays a dominant role in the performance degradation of DMFC under both operating conditions. The rate of change of the mass transfer process resistance is 2.39 mΩ/h under WLTC and 0.764 mΩ/h under CLTC. Meanwhile, the oxygen reduction reaction resistance is not affected by the operating conditions. The significant dynamic fluctuations and abundant transient states of CLTC operating conditions pose greater hindrance to proton transport, thereby effectively reducing the membrane-bound water content. However, it exerts a minor impact on the mass transfer resistance and promotes an increase in the rate of oxygen diffusion. A fuel cell degradation model is developed to characterize the ageing state of DMFCs based on the distribution of relaxation times hindered by the oxygen reduction reaction, which provides a reference for the health state assessment and optimization in DMFC operation.

Key words: different operating conditions, direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), equivalent circuit model, distribution of relaxation times (DRT), performance degradation characteristics

中图分类号:

TM911.4

王阳达, 王建国, 连冠, 张大骋. 基于弛豫时间的不同工况下直接甲醇燃料电池性能退化分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(2): 289-299.

WANG Yangda, WANG Jianguo, LIAN Guan, ZHANG Dacheng. Performance Degradation Analysis of DMFC Under Different Operating Conditions Based on Relaxation Times[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(2): 289-299.

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WLTC工况	工况占比/%	输出功率/kW	负载电流/A
加速	35.4	35	0.093
匀速	31.9	21	0.030
低速	32.7	10	0.011

CLTC工况	特征	工况占比/%	平均车速/ (km·h^-1)	负载电流/A
低速	减速	11.7	11.85	0.018
	匀速	10.6	24.91	0.038
	加速	11.0	35.02	0.053
中速	减速	10.8	44.52	0.068
	匀速	11.5	55.53	0.089
	加速	11.1	62.49	0.096
高速	减速	6.8	75.13	0.114
	匀速	19.7	87.71	0.133
	加速	6.8	90.92	0.138

运行工况	模型	决定系数R²
CLTC	一阶多项式	0.913
	二阶多项式	0.937
	指数	0.872
	对数	0.652
WLTC	一阶多项式	0.929
	二阶多项式	0.945
	指数	0.898
	对数	0.594

基于弛豫时间的不同工况下直接甲醇燃料电池性能退化分析

Performance Degradation Analysis of DMFC Under Different Operating Conditions Based on Relaxation Times

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