海洋风电场尾流荷载作用下水平轴风力机结构动力响应

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.476

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (8): 1081-1091.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.476

海洋风电场尾流荷载作用下水平轴风力机结构动力响应

祝怡情¹, 吴锋², 周岱¹(), 韩兆龙¹, 卓杨², 朱宏博¹, 张凯¹

1.上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院, 上海 200240
2.中交上海三航科学研究院有限公司, 上海 200032

收稿日期:2023-09-18 修回日期:2023-10-22 接受日期:2023-10-26 出版日期:2025-08-28 发布日期:2025-08-26
通讯作者: 周岱 E-mail:zhoudai@sjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:祝怡情(1998—),硕士生,从事水平轴风力机相关研究.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42076210);国家自然科学基金(52122110);上海市教委重大科技创新计划(2019-01-07-00-02-E00066)

Structural Dynamic Response of Offshore Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Subjected to Wake-Induced Action

ZHU Yiqing¹, WU Feng², ZHOU Dai¹(), HAN Zhaolong¹, ZHUO Yang², ZHU Hongbo¹, ZHANG Kai¹

1. School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2. CCCC Shanghai Third Harbor Engineering Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200032, China

Received:2023-09-18 Revised:2023-10-22 Accepted:2023-10-26 Online:2025-08-28 Published:2025-08-26
Contact: ZHOU Dai E-mail:zhoudai@sjtu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究串列布置水平轴双风力机动力响应对保障风力机结构安全至关重要.基于计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,分析处于上游风力机近尾流区的下游风力机尾流场特性,获取双风力机气动荷载时程曲线.进而结合结构动力学与有限元数值方法,分析上、下游风力机结构的风致动力响应特性.研究发现:近尾流区尾流速度亏损显著,导致下游风力机的推力和扭矩分别减少54.94%和91.89%;同时,尾流湍流加剧了下游风力机的气动荷载的周期性波动.气动荷载波动性对下游风力机动力响应影响较小,其整体动力响应较弱,表现为塔顶推力方向的位移减小50.79%.研究成果可为海洋风电场风力机群结构气动响应分析提供技术参考.

关键词: 水平轴风力机, 海洋风电场, 气动性能, 尾流干扰效应, 动力响应

Abstract:

The study of the dynamic response of a horizontal axis twin wind turbine in tandem arrangement is crucial for ensuring the structural safety of the wind turbine. Based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the characteristics of the wake flow field of the downstream turbine, located in the near wake region of the upstream turbine, are analyzed. The time course curves of the aerodynamic loads on the twin turbines are obtained. Structural dynamics and finite element numerical methods are then used to analyze the wind-driven dynamic effects of the upstream and downstream turbine structures. It is found that the wake velocity deficit in the near wake region is significant, causing a reduction in thrust and torque of the downstream turbine by 54.94% and 91.89% respectively. Additionly, the wake turbulence increases cyclic fluctuation of aerodynamic load on the downstream turbine. While the aerodynamic load volatility has a small effect on the dynamic response of the downstream wind turbine, the overall dynamic response is weaker, and the displacement of the downstream wind turbine tower top in the thrust direction is reduced by 50.79%. The results provide technical references for the analysis of aerodynamic response of wind turbine cluster structures in offshore wind farms.

Key words: horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT), offshore wind farms, aerodynamic performance, wake interference effect, dynamic response

中图分类号:

TK83

祝怡情, 吴锋, 周岱, 韩兆龙, 卓杨, 朱宏博, 张凯. 海洋风电场尾流荷载作用下水平轴风力机结构动力响应[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(8): 1081-1091.

ZHU Yiqing, WU Feng, ZHOU Dai, HAN Zhaolong, ZHUO Yang, ZHU Hongbo, ZHANG Kai. Structural Dynamic Response of Offshore Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Subjected to Wake-Induced Action[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(8): 1081-1091.

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参数	取值	参数	取值
额定输出功率/MW	5	额定风速/(m·s^-1)	11.4
叶片直径/m	126	轮毂高度/m	90
叶片数	3	叶尖速比TSR	8
切入风速/(m·s^-1)	3	切出风速/(m·s^-1)	25
切入转速/(r·min^-1)	6.9	额定转速/(r·min^-1)	12.1

网格	网格数量	推力/MN	扭矩/(MN·m)
粗网格	2.08×10⁷	0.75	3.59
中等网格	3.35×10⁷	0.81	3.70
细网格	4.57×10⁷	0.82	3.72

时间步长/ms	M₀/(MN·m)
5	103.5
10	103.0
20	102.0
30	101.0

位置	U_X_,max/m	ΔX/m	U_Y_,min/m	U_Y_,max/mm	ΔY/m
上游风力机塔顶	-0.017 9	1.425 0	1.442 4	-0.9	0.160 0
下游风力机塔顶	-0.010 6	0.702 0	0.712 7	-0.5	0.082 8
上游风力机叶尖	0.004 0	4.053 0	4.048 9	0.2	0.423 0
下游风力机叶尖	0.002 5	2.109 6	2.107 0	0.2	0.320 8

海洋风电场尾流荷载作用下水平轴风力机结构动力响应

Structural Dynamic Response of Offshore Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Subjected to Wake-Induced Action

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