考虑给水泄漏的锅炉升负荷仿真及其可靠性

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2020.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对常规蒸汽动力系统在锅炉升负荷过程中,由于给水卸载管路泄漏导致的锅炉失水和泵汽蚀问题,采用基于残差修正的差异演化算法辨识获得增压泵和给水泵各级叶轮的扬程-流量-转速模型,采用机理建模方法建立给水系统管路和阀门的流量-阻力模型、工质参数计算模型以及给水卸载调节阀的性能退化模型.在此基础上,对锅炉升负荷过程进行了仿真研究,获得了给水系统主要参数在不同给水卸载流量下的变化情况,发现给水卸载管路调节阀的性能退化是导致锅炉升负荷过程中锅炉失水和泵汽蚀的主要原因之一.为进一步明确给水系统的性能可靠性随工作时间的退化规律,采用数学模型与Monte Carlo随机抽样的联合仿真方法,对某型船用给水系统在锅炉升负荷过程的性能可靠性进行了仿真研究,获得了该型锅炉在总体性能可靠度变化和给水卸载管路调节阀的性能可靠寿命.研究成果揭示了一种蒸汽动力系统特有故障的故障机制及其退化规律,具有一定的理论创新和工程应用价值.

关键词: 锅炉升负荷过程, 给水泄漏, 仿真, 性能可靠性

Abstract:

In response to the problems of boiler low water level and pump cavitation caused by the leakage of feedwater unloading pipeline in the process of boiler load raising of the conventional steam power system, the relational model of water-lift, mass flow, revs of booster pump, and each impeller of the feedwater pump are identified by using a differential evolution algorithm based on residual correction. The relational model of mass flow and resistance of feedwater pipelines and valves, the calculational model of working fluid parameters in feedwater system, and the performance degradation model of feedwater unloading control valve are established by using be mechanism modeling method. On this basis, the process of boiler load raising is simulated, and the main parameters of feedwater system are obtained at different feedwater unloading flow rates. It is found that the performance degradation of the control valve of the feedwater unloading pipeline is one of the main causes for boiler water low level and pump cavitation in the process of boiler load raising. In order to further clarify the degradation rule of the performance reliability of the feedwater system with the working time, a simulation method integrating the mathematical model and Monte Carlo random sampling is adopted to the performance reliability simulation of a certain type of marine water supply system in the process of boiler load raising. Thus the whole performance reliability changes of this boiler and the performance reliability life of this feedwater unloading control valve are obtained. The research results reveal the mechanism and degeneration rule of a unique fault of the steam power system, which has certain theoretical and engineering application value.

Key words: boiler load raising process, feedwater leakage, simulation, performance reliability

中图分类号:

倪何, 覃海波, 郑奕杨. 考虑给水泄漏的锅炉升负荷仿真及其可靠性[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(4): 444-454.

NI He, QIN Haibo, ZHENG Yiyang. Simulation and Performance Reliability of Boiler Load Raising Process Considering Leakage of Feed Water[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2021, 55(4): 444-454.

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t/τ	仅增压泵汽蚀	仅锅炉失水	仅增压泵汽蚀和锅炉失水,给水泵不汽蚀	仅给水泵汽蚀和锅炉失水,增压泵不汽蚀	三者同时出现
0~17	0	0	0	0	0
18	3	2	6	0	0
20	19	8	38	0	0
22	35	90	135	0	0
24	22	166	240	6	20
26	15	238	321	18	89
28	2	216	422	42	128
30	0	132	315	22	415
32	0	48	170	12	694