变汽液比条件下高速燃油离心泵非定常特性分析研究

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2021.092

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了明确高速燃油离心泵在汽液比变化下流场的非定常特性,以设计流量和小流量工况为例进行内流场数值模拟,重点分析叶轮流道内的非定常流动特点及压力脉动时频特性.给出汽液比与进口压力的映射关系以确定仿真边界,并对网格模型、仿真步长进行相关性检验.将仿真与试验结果对比,以验证仿真方法的有效性.随后,基于压力等值线和湍动能等分布结果分析其非定常流动特点,并利用快速Fourier变换对叶轮进口、出口的压力脉动进行时频特性转换.研究结果表明,在燃油饱和状态条件下,叶轮流道内的流动相对稳定,压力幅值主频为转频.随着汽液比的增加,叶轮进口产生了低压区且面积明显扩大,叶轮出口出现了不同程度的尾迹流,相同区域内的湍动能耗散率同样表现最为强烈.另一方面,随着汽液比的增加,叶轮进口压力逐渐降低,在设计流量下,微小的压力幅值主频为转频,而小流量下出现了其他倍频.同时,叶轮出口的尾迹流并未严重影响各监测点的压力幅值主频,此处压力幅值主频仍为转频.

关键词: 高速燃油离心泵, 汽液比, 非定常, 压力脉动, 数值仿真

Abstract:

To clarify the transient flow characteristics of a high-speed aero-fuel centrifugal pump in variable gas-liquid ratio conditions, numerical simulations for the internal flow field in design flow rate and small flow rate conditions are conducted, focusing on the transient flow characteristics and time-frequency performance of pressure pulsation in the impeller channel. The conversion relationship between gas-liquid ratio and inlet pressure is given to determine the inlet simulation boundary, and then the grid model and length of time step are checked for relevant test. The prediction results between simulations and test are given to verify the effectiveness of the adopted simulation method. Then, the transient characteristics are analyzed through the results of pressure contour and turbulent kinetic energy, and the time-frequency performances of pressure pulsations at impeller inlet and outlet are conducted by fast Fourier transform(FFT). The results show that the flow in the impeller channel is relatively stable under the fuel saturation condition, and the main frequency of pressure amplitude is rotation frequency. With the increase of gas-liquid ratio, the impeller inlet produces a low-pressure zone whose area is significantly enlarged. Besides, a certain wake flow zone is generated at impeller outlet, where the turbulent energy dissipation rate is also demonstrated to be the strongest at these zones. Moreover, the inlet pressure is generally decreased with the increase of gas-liquid ratio, and the main frequency at the design flow rate is rotation frequency, but other frequency multiplication appears at the small flow rate. Meanwhile, the wake flow at the impeller outlet does not seriously affect the main frequencies at the monitoring points, where the main frequency is still rotation frequency.

Key words: high-speed aero-fuel centrifugal pump, gas-liquid ratio, transient characteristic, pressure pulsation, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TB553

李嘉, 李华聪, 王玥. 变汽液比条件下高速燃油离心泵非定常特性分析研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2022, 56(5): 622-634.

LI Jia, LI Huacong, WANG Yue. Transient Characteristics of a High-Speed Aero-Fuel Centrifugal Pump in Variable Gas-Liquid Ratio Conditions[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2022, 56(5): 622-634.

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参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
ρ/(kg·m^-3)	780	D_s/mm	42
D₂/mm	115	D_h/mm	24
b₁/mm	28	b₂/mm	5
β₂/(°)	15	β₁/(°)	17

模型	网格数量	H/m	η/%
G1	96925	1691.3	69.11
G2	117262	1692.3	69.64
G3	253441	1699.0	69.66
G4	348837	1688.5	70.47

旋转度数/(°)	时间步长/ms	采样频率/Hz	时间步数	主频/Hz
9	0.0536	18666	200	3781
5	0.0298	33600	360	3759
3	0.0179	55999	600	3749
1	0.0107	167760	1800	3735

r_gl	A_p/MPa					C_p
r_gl	m1	m2	m3	m4	m5	m1	m2	m3	m4	m5
0.50	0.0006	0.0050	0.0230	0.0330	0.0080	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001
0.45	3.054	2.997	2.896	3.168	3.651	0.0760	0.0540	0.0810	0.0830	0.0788
0.40	3.091	2.570	2.919	3.344	3.836	0.044	0.037	0.037	0.038	0.037

r_gl	A_p/MPa					C_p
r_gl	m1	m2	m3	m4	m5	m1	m2	m3	m4	m5
0.50	0.0001	0.0004	0.0003	0.0004	0.0008	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001
0.45	0.00008	0.00005	0.00004	0.00006	0.00013	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001
0.40	4.000	3.781	4.049	4.030	4.246	0.075	0.071	0.077	0.077	0.079