直膨式太阳能热泵热水器不同工质的性能分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 摘要：为了研究直膨式太阳能热泵热水器，分别采用R22、R410A和R290作为工质的性能，建立了太阳能集热/蒸发器和冷凝器的分布参数均相流动模型、压缩机和膨胀阀的集中参数模型以及系统工质充注量模型，编制了直膨式太阳能热泵热水器系统性能模拟程序.比较发现，理论模型计算值与文献实验结果吻合较好.在不同环境参数和运行参数的工况下，对采用3种热泵工质的系统性能系数、集热器的集热效率和系统制热功率进行对比分析.结果表明：R290系统的性能系数明显高于R22和R410A系统，R410A系统的集热效率和制热功率略高于R22和R290系统；环境参数对R290系统的影响程度大于R22和R410A系统；压缩机转速的变化对R410A系统影响显著，而水箱水温的变化对R290系统影响较明显；R290和R410A系统的最佳工质充注量分别约为R22系统的46%和95%.

关键词: 直膨式, 制冷剂, 性能 , 热泵热水器, 太阳能

Abstract: Abstract： In order to study the performance of R22, R410A and R290 in a directexpansion solarassisted heat pump water heater (DXSAHPWH) system, the distributed parameter and homogeneous flow models of solar collector/evaporator and condenser were established, and the lumped parameter models of compressor and expansion valve and the working fluid charge model were built. Besides, a simulation program of a DXSAHPWH system was coded. The comparison indicates that the simulation results are in good agreement with the reported experimental results. The coefficient of performance(COP), collector efficiency and heat power of the DXSAHPWH using R22, R410A and R290 were compared and analyzed at different environmental parameters and operating parameters. The results show that the COP of the R290 system is apparently higher than that of the R22 and R410A system in the DXSAHPWH. The collector efficiency and heat power of the R410A system are slightly higher than those of the R22 and R290 system. In comparison with the R22 and R401A system, the environmental parameter has a greater influence on the R290 system. The variation of compressor speed remarkably affects the R410A system, and the variation of water temperature has a great impact on the R290 system. In addition, the optimum refrigerant charge of the R290 system is 46% of that of the R22 system, and the optimum refrigerant charge of the R410A system is 95% of that of the R22 system.

Key words: Key words： heat pump water heater, solar energy, direct expansion, refrigerant, performance

中图分类号:

TK 11

孔祥强，李俊枭，李瑛. 直膨式太阳能热泵热水器不同工质的性能分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2016, 50(04): 506-513.

KONG Xiangqiang,LI Junxiao,LI Ying. Performance Analysis of Three Different Refrigerants in a Directexpansion Solar-Assisted Heat Pump Water Heater[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2016, 50(04): 506-513.

参考文献

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