螺旋桨初生空化湍流的多相流数值模拟

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 摘要：
同时采用修正剪切应力输运(SST)湍流模型和Baseline雷诺应力模型（RSM）求取了E779A螺旋桨在无空化状态和初生空化状态下的梢涡运动轨迹，分析了涡核最小压力系数、湍动能、轴向速度分量和涡核半径沿运动轨迹的变化，并从模拟得到的梢涡卷曲起始和梢涡涡束的角度阐述了梢涡形成机理.空化模型采用改进Sauer模型，考虑了非凝结性气核质量分数、体积分数和气泡初始半径以及湍流脉动的影响，并针对轻度、中度和重度空化面积进行了可信性校验.当空化数σ>初生空化数σi时，叶梢截面压力系数分布相对不再改变的判定准则来确定.涡核中心位于螺旋线垂向截面上最小压力点，涡核边界由湍流涡频率峰值决定.数值模拟结果表明，RSM模拟梢涡路径较修正SST湍流模型稍长、局部梢涡空化范围略大、叶梢最小压力系数和轴向速度分量要小，涡核湍动能分布更为合理.但两者模拟得到的涡核运动轨迹几乎重合，并且初生空化状态下的涡核运动轨迹、最小压力系数和轴向速度分布均与各自无空化状态下非常接近，表明了初生空化状态判定的正确性和改进数值模型对梢涡运动轨迹模拟的适用性.

关键词: 螺旋桨, 梢涡, 空化初生, 空化模型, 湍流模型

Abstract: Both of the modified SST turbulence model and BSL Reynolds stress model were used to predict the tip vortex trajectories of E779A propeller under noncavitation and cavitation inception conditions. The vortex core’s minimum pressure coefficient, turbulent kinetic energy, axial velocity component and vortex size distribution related to the trajectory were analyzed at the same time, and the flow physics of tip vortex was presented from the flow field with tip vortex crimp beginning and streamtube formation. The improved Sauer cavitation model accounting for the effects of noncondensable gas’s mass and volume fraction and the bubble initial radius on cavitation inception and the effect of turbulence on phasechange pressure threshold was adopted along with validation of the cavity pattern and area of E779A propeller under lightly, moderately and heavily cavitation levels. The cavitation inception index was determined by the rule of “when σ>σi, the pressure coefficient of the blade tip section is relative unaltered”. The minimum pressure in vortex core on perpendicular cross plane was used to locate the vortex center, and vortex core bound was determined by the peak of turbulent eddy frequency. The results show that a slightly longer tip vortex trajectory appears with the BSL RSM model than the modified SST model as well as a litter bigger local tip vortex cavitation extension and more reasonable turbulent kinetic energy distribution, while the minimum pressure coefficient and axial velocity in blade tip region are smaller. On the other hand, the tip vortex trajectories captured by the two models almost superpose along with nearly the same tip vortex trajectories, minimum pressure coefficient and axial velocity distribution between noncavitation and cavitation inception condition of the two models respectively, which proves that the determination of cavitation inception by the rule is reasonable, and the adopted modified numerical models are appropriate to simulate the tip vortex trajectory.

Key words: propeller, tip vortex, cavitation inception, cavitation model, turbulence model

中图分类号:

U 664.34

杨琼方a, 王永生a, 张志宏b. 螺旋桨初生空化湍流的多相流数值模拟 [J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2012, 46(08): 1251-1262.

YANG Qiong-Fang-a, WANG Yong-Sheng-a, ZHANG Zhi-Hong-b. Multi-phase Numerical Simulation of Propeller Turbulent Cavitation Inception Flow[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2012, 46(08): 1251-1262.

参考文献

［1］Ghias R, Mittal R, Dong H, et al. Study of tipvortex formation using lardyeddy simulation ［C］∥43rd Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit. Reno: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005, AIAA20051280: 113.
［2］Brewer W H．On simulation tipleakage vortex flow to study the nature of cavitation inception ［D］. USA: Mississippi State University, 2002.
［3］Hsiao C T, Chahine G L. Numerical study of cavitation inception due to vortex/vortex interaction in a ducted propulsor ［J］. Journal of Ship Research, 2008, 52(2): 114123.
［4］韩宝玉. 片空泡和梢涡空泡CFD数值模拟及空泡初生尺度效应研究［D］. 武汉: 海军工程大学船舶与动力学院, 2011.
［5］Lifante C, Frank T. Investigation of higher order pressure fluctuations and its influence on ship stern, taking into account cavitation at propeller blades, ANSYS/TR0804 ［R］. Germany: ANSYS Germany GmbH, 2008.
［6］Kim S. Multiphase CFD simulation of turbulent cavitating flows in and around marine propulsors ［C］∥ Open Source CFD International Conference 2009. Spain: IconCFD Inc, 2009, Session VI3: 131.
［7］杨琼方, 王永生, 张志宏. 螺旋桨空化初生的判定和空化斗的数值分析［J］. 上海交通大学学报, 2012, 46(3): 410416.
YANG Qiongfang, WANG Yongsheng, ZHANG Zhihong. Determination of propeller cavitation initial inception and numerical analysis of the inception bucket ［J］. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2012, 46(3): 410416.
［8］Olsson M. Numerical investigation on the cavitating flow in a waterjet pump［D］. Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology, 2008.
［9］杨琼方, 王永生, 张志宏. 螺旋桨叶截面空化模拟数值模型的改进与评估［J］. 北京理工大学学报, 2011, 31(12): 14011407.
YANG Qiongfang, WANG Yongsheng, ZHANG Zhihong. Improvement and evaluation of numerical model for cavitation flow viscous simulation around propeller blade section ［J］. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2011, 31(12): 14011407.
［10］Shin K W. Cavitation simulation on marine propellers ［D］. Denmark: Technical University of Denmark, 2010.
［11］Frikha S, CoutierDelgosha O, Astolfi J A. Influence of cavitation model on the simulation of cloud cavitation on 2D foil section ［J］. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2009,2008(146234):112.
［12］王国玉, 张淑丽, 张博, 等. FBM模型在栅中翼型云状空化流动数值计算中的应用［J］. 北京理工大学学报, 2009, 29(8): 673680.
WANG Guoyu, ZHANG Shuli, ZHANG Bo, et al. Application of a filterbased turbulence model for cloud cavitating flows around a cascade hydrofoil ［J］. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2009, 29(8): 673680.
［13］Salvatore F, Streckwall H, Terwisga T. Propeller cavitation modeling by CFDresults from the VIRTUE 2008 Rome workshop ［C］∥First International Symposium on Marine Propulsors. Norway: Norwegian Marine Technology Research Institute, 2009, TB41: 110.

[1]	秦广菲, 姚慧岚, 张怀新. 螺旋桨脉动压力作用下自航船舶艉部振动数值研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2022, 56(9): 1148-1158.
[2]	李鹏, 王超, 孙华伟, 郭春雨. 潜艇阻力及流场数值仿真策略优化分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2022, 56(4): 506-515.
[3]	刘恒, 伍锐, 孙硕. 非均匀流场螺旋桨空泡数值模拟[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(8): 976-983.
[4]	吴利红, 封锡盛, 叶作霖, 李一平. 自主水下机器人强制自航下潜的类物理模拟[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(3): 290-296.
[5]	张宇, 王晓亮. 基于径向点插值方法的柔性螺旋桨气动弹性模拟[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2020, 54(9): 924-934.
[6]	徐野, 熊鹰, 黄政. 双桨船螺旋桨空泡脉动压力的试验及数值研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2020, 54(8): 831-838.
[7]	李清，于汉，杨德庆. 多类振动噪声源下舰船水下噪声的耦合声场计算方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2019, 53(2): 161-169.
[8]	黄福祥, 吴昌楠, 李想, 李新飞, 李隶辉, 阴炳钢. 动力定位船桨-桨干扰建模及分析[J]. 海洋工程装备与技术, 2019, 6(2): 536-543.
[9]	姚慧岚, 张怀新. 较低雷诺数下ITTC尺度效应换算方法的改进[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2019, 53(1): 35-41.
[10]	傅慧萍a,b，李杰a. 轻载下的螺旋桨空化流场数值模拟[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2018, 52(6): 631-635.
[11]	倪问池1,2,康庄1,张橙1,张立健1. 运用修正剪应力输运湍流模型模拟双自由度涡激振动[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2017, 51(7): 819-825.
[12]	赵大刚1，郭春雨1，苏玉民1，豆鹏飞2，景涛1，张海鹏1. L型吊舱推进器直航及操舵工况水动力性能试验研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2017, 51(7): 812-818.
[13]	刘辉1,2，冯榆坤1,2，陈作钢1,2,3，代燚1,2,3，田喜民1,4. 船舶艏侧推器脉动压力数值计算[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2017, 51(3): 294-.
[14]	蒲汲君，熊鹰，王睿. 三维水翼初始梢涡空泡数的尺度效应[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2017, 51(3): 374-.
[15]	叶金铭，王威，于安斌，张凯奇. 抗空化扭曲舵的设计及其水动力性能分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2017, 51(3): 314-.