可变环境温度下锂离子电池平均温度估计

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2019.230

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池的温度变化会极大地影响其使用性能,对锂离子电池进行温度信息采集对热管理系统的开发具有重要意义.为了解决传统温度传感器布置方式所导致的局部温度无法代替整体平均温度的问题,需要在可变环境温度下对10 A·h三元镍钴锰酸锂离子电池开展平均温度估计研究.首先,对锂离子电池进行建模并搭建实验平台,获取建模所需的参数.其次,提出了基于递推最小二乘与拓展卡尔曼滤波算法相结合的锂离子电池平均温度估计方法.最后,为了验证所提出方法的有效性,使用改进混合动力脉冲能力特性(IHPPC)测试工况获取电池在可变环境温度下的实验数据.结果表明:所提方法能够实时估计锂离子电池的平均温度.温度估计模型算法收敛后最大误差为1.8 ℃,平均误差仅为1 ℃.

关键词: 锂离子电池, 时变环境温度, 改进混合动力脉冲能力特性(IHPPC), 平均温度估计

Abstract:

The performance of lithium-ion batteries is greatly affected by the temperature change. Therefore, it is of great significance to get the temperature information to develop the thermal management system. In order to solve the problem that the local temperature caused by the traditional temperature sensor arrangement cannot replace the overall average temperature, it is necessary to conduct studies of average temperature estimation for 10 A·h ternary nicke clobalt manganese lithium-ion batteries at variable environment temperature. First, a lithium-ion battery is modeled and the experimental platform is built to obtain the parameters which are necessary for modeling. Then, an average temperature estimation method for lithium-ion batteries based on recursive least squares and the extended Kalman filter algorithm is proposed. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the experimental data of the battery at variable environment temperature is obtained under improved hybrid pulse power characteristic (IHPPC). The results show that the proposed method can estimate the average temperature of lithium-ion batteries in real time. The maximum error of the temperature estimation model after the algorithm convergence is 1.8 ℃, and the average error is only 1 ℃.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, time-varying environment temperature, improved hybrid pulse power characteristic (IHPPC), average temperature estimation

中图分类号:

TM912

姜余, 陈自强. 可变环境温度下锂离子电池平均温度估计[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(7): 781-790.

JIANG Yu, CHEN Ziqiang. Average Temperature Estimation for Lithium-Ion Batteries at Variable Environment Temperature[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2021, 55(7): 781-790.

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参数	拟合结果
SSR	0.000439
R	0.99933
p₅	2.40621
p₄	-7.65815
p₃	9.17574
p₂	-4.43497
p₁	1.23171
p₀	3.4598

参数	取值
电池容量/(A·h)	10
额定电压/V	3.7
上截止电压/V	4.2
下截止电压/V	3.0
电池质量/g	200
电池密度/(kg·m^-3)	2430
长,宽,高/mm	112, 92, 8

温度传感器	位置
T1	电池正极
T2	电池负极
T3	电池正面
T4	电池反面
T5	电池侧面
T6	电池底面
T7	环境温度1
T8	环境温度2

项目	算法	收敛时间/s	最大误差	最小误差	均方根误差
SOC估计(SOC₀=0)	RLS-EKF	205	1.070%	0.055%	0.274%
	RLS-UKF	214	1.263%	0.067%	0.384%
温度估计(T₀=25 ℃)	RLS-EKF	210	1.8 ℃	0.56 ℃	0.83 ℃
	RLS-UKF	223	2.0 ℃	0.63 ℃	0.94 ℃