面向3D打印的钛合金点阵接骨板设计及其仿真

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2019.196

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了改善骨折愈合过程中因金属接骨板弹性模量过大引起的应力屏蔽效应问题，基于拓扑优化与有限元建模技术设计一种面向3D打印的点阵结构接骨板．以钛合金胫骨接骨板为例，建立简化有限元模型，结合有限元法及数据采样方法，分别对实体接骨板系统和点阵接骨板系统进行仿真，并对比其力学性能上的异同点．基于点阵接骨板系统的力学性能分析，实现接骨板的轻量化设计，改善骨骼应力屏蔽效应．计算结果表明：在保证强度的情况下，点阵结构的接骨板设计可减小40%左右的接骨板质量；点阵接骨板对厚度较为敏感，通过小范围减小接骨板的厚度，可明显降低接骨板刚度；点阵接骨板的应用可以有效提高4%左右的骨骼平均应力，减小骨骼的应力屏蔽效应．仿真分析结果可为低应力屏蔽接骨板的设计提供一定的参考依据．

关键词: 3D打印, 金属接骨板, 刚度, 应力屏蔽效应, 点阵结构, 有限元分析

Abstract:

In order to improve the stress shielding effect caused by excessive elastic modulus of metal plates during fracture healing, a kind of 3D printing oriented lattice structure plate is designed based on topology optimization and the finite element modeling technology. A simplified finite element model of the titanium alloy tibial plate is established by using the finite element method. Combined with the finite element method and the data sampling method, the solid plate system and the lattice plate system are simulated, and the similarities and differences between their performances are compared. Based on the analysis of mechanical properties of lattice plate system, the lightweight design of the plate is realized and the stress shielding effect of the bone is improved. The results show that the weight of the lattice plate can be reduced by about 40% under the condition of guaranteed strength. The lattice plate is sensitive to the thickness. By reducing the thickness of the plate in a small range, the stiffness of the plate can be significantly reduced. The application of the lattice plate can effectively increase the average stress of the skeleton by about 4% and reduce the stress shielding effect of the skeleton. The simulated analysis results can provide references for the optimization design of low stress shielded plates.

Key words: 3D printing, metal bone fracture plate, stiffness, stress shielding effect, lattice structure, finite element analysis

中图分类号:

R687.1

张聪, 贾德君, 李范春, 徐一通, 张源. 面向3D打印的钛合金点阵接骨板设计及其仿真[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(2): 170-178.

ZHANG Cong, JIA Dejun, LI Fanchun, XU Yitong, ZHANG Yuan. Design and Simulation of a Titanium Alloy Lattice Bone Plate for 3D Printing[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2021, 55(2): 170-178.

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材料	E/GPa	ν	σ_s/MPa
骨材	17	0.30	280
钛合金	96	0.36	980

模型	σ_{b_max}/MPa	σ_{b_ave}/MPa	D_{b_max}/mm	σ_{p_max}/MPa	σ_{p_ave}/MPa	D_{p_max}/mm	V_p/mm³	σ_{c_max}/MPa	σ_{c_ave}/MPa
LPS	40.66	19.03	0.286	225.98	12.41	0.288	1 821.8	23.15	18.50
SPS	40.89	18.46	0.301	77.56	16.39	0.279	3 258.0	22.34	17.68
δ/%	－0.6	3.1	－5.0	191.4	－24.3	3.2	－44.8	3.6	4.6