船舶大功率脉冲负载抗冲击供电系统

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2020.358

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分析船舶新型脉冲负载特性及其影响,提出一种大功率多模式脉冲负载抗冲击供电系统及其能量缓冲单元中电容电感的计算方法,实现脉冲负载的功率平抑、能量分组、谐波治理与事故备用,保证船舶电站安全和负载高精度供电.利用MATLAB/Simulink建立含大功率雷达负载的某新型测量船综合电力系统仿真模型,验证不同模式下脉冲负载抗冲击供电系统的有效性.该结构不仅降低脉冲负载的冲击,还有效抑制系统电压谐波,解决大功率脉冲负载在独立电力系统中应用的关键技术难题.

关键词: 抗冲击供电系统, 大功率脉冲负载, 综合电力系统, 多脉波整流, 电能质量

Abstract:

This paper analyzes the characteristics and influences of new pulse loads of ships. The surge-suppression power supply system for high power and multi-mode pulse loads, the capacitance and inductance calculation methods for the energy buffer unit are proposed, which can realize the power suppression, energy grouping, harmonic control and support backup, so that the safety of the ship power station and high precision power supply for loads can be ensured. The integrated power system simulation model of a new survey ship with high power radar loads is established in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the surge-suppression power supply system at different modes. The system can not only reduce the impact of impulse load on the system, but also effectively suppress the system voltage harmonics, thus solving the key technical difficulties in the application of high power pulse loads to the independent power system.

Key words: surge-suppression power supply system, high power pulse loads, integrated power system, multi-pulse rectifier, power quality

中图分类号:

U665.12

庞宇, 黄文焘, 吴骏, 邰能灵, 孙国亮. 船舶大功率脉冲负载抗冲击供电系统[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(10): 1197-1209.

PANG Yu, HUANG Wentao, WU Jun, TAI Nengling, SUN Guoliang. Surge-Suppression Power Supply System for Ship High Power Pulse Loads[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2021, 55(10): 1197-1209.

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序号	参数	波形
1	脉冲周期为6 ms,占空比为5/6,峰值功率为300 kW
2	脉冲周期为15 ms,占空比为11/15,峰值功率为300 kW
3	脉冲周期为5 ms,一周期有3种功率:201,240,329 kW
4	脉冲周期为30 ms,一周期有3种功率:126,240,305 kW
5	脉冲周期为6 ms,一周期有3种功率:138,240,305 kW

特点	影响
功率冲击性	功率为10 MW级,冲击性强,电容缓冲后动态特性复杂,对船舶此类惯性较小的系统造成较大干扰;
多模式、随机性强	负载工作特性根据任务需要实时调整,且该波动具有随机性和周期性,造成系统动态冲击与振荡;
谐波污染严重、影响电能质量	系统采用大量的非线性电力电子装置,谐波污染越来越严重,直接影响运行经济性、安全性与可靠性;

整流电路方案	THD/%	谐波成分	可靠性	质量	体积	效率/%	功率因数
传统三相不可控整流	30~40	(6k+1)次	控制及结构简单, 可靠性高	重	大	>97	>0.9
多脉波整流	15.2(12脉波) 10.1(18脉波) 6.8(24脉波)	(mk+1)次	控制及结构较简单, 可靠性高	重	大	>97	>0.99
PWM整流	<5	与控制算法有关	有源整流,元器件多, 控制复杂,可靠性不高	轻	小	>95	>0.99

N	网侧电流/A	变流器侧电流/A	电容电压/V	PCC电压/V
1	15.8	14.1	18.8	9.4
4	21.5	15.7	64.2	51.4
8	39.2	20.3	210.5	187.1

工作模式	交流电压畸变率/%	交流电流畸变率/%	发电机端电压波动率		直流侧电压波动/V
工作模式	交流电压畸变率/%	交流电流畸变率/%	V_d/%	V_q/%	直流侧电压波动/V
负载1	11.34	14.97	22.00	34.7	71.5
负载2	15.57	23.05	30.43	38.3	163.7
负载3	11.04	15.26	16.55	31.2	29.0
负载4	10.64	14.23	24.68	35.9	53.9
负载5	10.48	14.36	17.10	31.7	37.5