考虑5G基站低碳赋能的主动配电网优化运行

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2021.367

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

5G基站的大量接入为未来电力系统的低碳化发展提供了新的可能.通过激励5G基站参与需求响应,并将其纳入现有主动配电网(ADN)运行框架,能够在降低5G基站自身用电成本的同时,促进可再生能源(RES)消纳和高效利用.提出了一种考虑5G基站低碳赋能的ADN多目标区间优化运行方法.在深入分析5G基站与配电网互动模式的基础上,构建了5G基站运行灵活性描述模型,并采用系统动力学方法分析了5G基站对配电侧碳减排的作用.以系统运行成本和碳排放量最小化作为目标,考虑配电网和通信网两方面的约束限制,建立了含5G基站的ADN多目标运行优化模型.该模型通过对ADN中RES及5G基站设备联合调度,并采用区间方法考虑RES出力和通信负载的不确定性,可实现系统经济与低碳效益的综合最优.结合基于区间分析的等效转化和非支配排序遗传算法对问题进行求解,算例分析结果证明了所提方法的有效性.

关键词: 5G基站, 主动配电网, 碳减排, 互动, 多目标区间优化

Abstract:

The massive access of 5G base stations (5G BSs) provides new possibilities for the low-carbon development of future power systems. By incentivizing 5G BSs to participate in demand response and incorporating them into the existing active distribution network (ADN) operation framework, the cost of the electricity consumption of 5G BSs can be reduced while promoting the consumption and efficient use of renewable energy sources (RES). This paper proposes a multi-objective interval optimization model for ADN operation considering low-carbon empowerment of 5G BSs. Based on the interaction mode between 5G BSs and the distribution network, a 5G BSs operating flexibility description model is constructed, and the system dynamics method is used to reveal the mechanism of 5G BSs on carbon emission reduction on the distribution side. Taking the minimization of system operating cost and carbon emissions as the goals, and considering the constraints for both the distribution network and the communication network, a multi-objective optimization model for ADN operation with 5G BSs is established. The model cooptimizes the dispatch of RES and 5G equipment, and adopts an interval method to consider the uncertainty of RES output and communication loads, which can achieve simultaneous optimization of system economy and low-carbon benefits. Combining the equivalent transformation and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm to solve the problem, the results of numerical studies prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: 5G base station (5G BS), active distribution network, carbon emission reduction, interaction, multi-objective interval optimization

中图分类号:

TM732

曾博, 穆宏伟, 董厚琦, 曾鸣. 考虑5G基站低碳赋能的主动配电网优化运行[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2022, 56(3): 279-292.

ZENG Bo, MU Hongwei, DONG Houqi, ZENG Ming. Optimization of Active Distribution Network Operation Considering Decarbonization Endowment from 5G Base Stations[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2022, 56(3): 279-292.

图/表 15

图1

图2

表1

所建优化模型的问题规模

变量/约束条件	个数
$P i, t BS, P i, j, t TR, P i, j, t out, N i, t TR, r i, j, t tr, P i, t dg, α i, j, t, P t grid, P i, t ch, P i, t dis$	Ω^BSΩ^T,(Ω^BSΩ^T $N i, t TR$ )²,Ω^BSΩ^T $N i, t TR$ ,Ω^BSΩ^T,Ω^BSΩ^T $N i, t TR$ ,Ω^DGΩ^T,Ω^BSΩ^T $N i, t TR$ ,Ω^T,Ω^BSΩ^T,Ω^BSΩ^T
式(4)~(7),式(10)~(23)	Ω^BSΩ^T+Ω^BSΩ^T $N i, t TR$ +Ω^T+Ω^BSΩ^T+Ω^T+Ω^BSΩ^T+Ω^BSΩ^T+Ω^BSΩ^T+Ω^BSΩ^T+Ω^BSΩ^T+Ω^BSΩ^T+ Ω^WDΩ^T+Ω^WDΩ^T+Ω^JΩ^T+Ω^JΩ^T+Ω^JΩ^T+Ω^JΩ^T+Ω^JΩ^T+Ω^FΩ^T+Ω^FΩ^T+Ω^T

表1

图3

图4

表2

图5

图6

表3

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

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参数	取值
收发器个数	6
可用带宽数/MHz	20
基站最大传输功率/W	39.8
斜率Δp_i	2.6
电源和冷却系统功耗/W	16.7
固定信令信号所占发射功率的比例	0.2

指标	运行经济成本/元	主网购电费用/元	风电消纳量/ (kW·h)	碳排放量/t
基站未参与灵活调度	76194.56	62496.89	17122.09	133.58
基站参与灵活调度	81975.65	54662.88	25550.06	116.83
改善率/%	-	12.54	49.22	12.54