喷射策略和运行工况对直喷汽油机微粒排放的影响

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2017.07.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 应用DMS500型快速颗粒分析仪对一台自然吸气缸内直喷汽油发动机排放的颗粒物粒径分布进行试验研究，考察了运行工况(负荷、冷却水温和点火时刻)以及喷油策略(喷油时刻、喷油压力)对颗粒物粒径分布特性及其微粒数量的影响规律，并分析了不同工况下颗粒物的氧化活化能.结果表明：缸内直喷汽油发动机排放的颗粒物粒径呈现出双峰变化特征，在30℃水温时，低负荷下以生成积聚模态颗粒物为主，高负荷下以生成核模态颗粒物为主；较低的冷却水温会增加排放的颗粒物数量；点火时刻的推迟能够减少颗粒物的生成；在不同负荷的喷油时刻都存在一个最佳的颗粒物排放点；喷油压力越高，生成的颗粒物数量越少，核模态颗粒物的比例越高；随着负荷增加和冷却水温降低，颗粒物的起燃温度升高，颗粒物的氧化活性降低.

关键词: , 直喷式汽油发动机, 喷射策略, 颗粒物数量, 粒径分布, 热重分析

Abstract: A DMS500 fast particulate spectrometer was employed to characterize the particle size distribution for a naturally aspirated gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine. The goal is to investigate the impact of engine operating parameters (load condition, coolant temperature, spark timing), injection strategies (start of injection, fuel pressure) on particulate size distribution and particle number, and thermogravimetric analyses of particulate matters in different load conditions.The experimental results show that, particulate size distribution is bimodal in form with nucleation mode particle and accumulation mode particle, depending on nucleation mode at low load or accumulation mode at high load. Cold coolant temperature produces higher particulate matter emission. With delay of spark timing, the particle number is reduced. An optimized injection timing valve has been found based on operation conditions. Fuel pressure has a significant effect in particle number, high fuel pressure reduces particle number and increases nucleation mode percentage. With increases of load, and decrease of coolant temperature, the maximum mass loss rate temperature of soot increases and soot oxidation activity reduces.

Key words: gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine, injection strategy, particle number, size distribution, thermogravimetric analysis

中图分类号:

TK 411.5

庄祝跃，赵廷钰，方俊华，黄震. 喷射策略和运行工况对直喷汽油机微粒排放的影响[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2017, 51(7): 796-804.

ZHUANG Zhuyue,ZHAO Tingyu,FANG Junhua,HUANG Zhen. Effects of Injection Strategy and Operation Parameters on
Particle Emission of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2017, 51(7): 796-804.

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