For effectively improving the overall performance of fire truck frame structure, and solving the complexity of previous methods in the frame optimization design process, the traditional grey relational grade ranking needs to be improved. First, the first-order modal test was conducted to verify the validity of the initial frame model. Then, based on this model, a high-strength steel frame was designed to reduce deformation, maximum stress, and frame mass, and increase the fatigue life and the frequencies of the first bending modal and first torsional modal. Sixty groups of sample points were generated through Hammersley method. Subsequently, improved grey relational analysis with principal component analysis was proposed to realize the optimal design of the frame structure. Finally, the optimal combination of design parameters for the frame was obtained using the proposed method. Meanwhile, the optimized frame structure is found by comparing the models before and after optimization, and the mass is reduced by 14.8%. Moreover, the computational cost can be reduced by 135% when the proposed method is compared with the previous algorithm. Therefore, the proposed method can effectively improve the performance of the frame and improve the computational efficiency.
王爽1，王登峰2，宁占金1，胡中建1
. Frame Optimization Design Based on Improved Grey Relational Analysis[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Science), 2024
, 29(6)
: 1071
-1080
.
DOI: 10.1007/s12204-023-2605-z
[1] MA F W, CHEN S X, ZHAO H L, et al. Lightweight on frame of FSC with constriants of strength, stiffness and modal [J]. Journal of Hunan University (NaturalSciences), 2018, 45(4): 18-25 (in Chinese).
[2] LI S M, ZHANG K C, DING R, et al. Lightweight technology of steel aluminum combined commercial vehicle frame [J]. Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Natural Science), 2019, 33(10): 1-8 (in Chinese).
[3] GOSWAMI B, PRASAD S, SHARMA G S, et al. Properties in materials for car frame structure [J]. International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing, 2019, 5(2): 41-51.
[4] PODKOWSKI K, MAZUK A, STASIAK A, et al.Testing of the torsional stiffness of the passenger car frame and its validation by means of finite element analysis [J]. The Archives of Automotive Engineering-Archiwum Motoryzacji, 2019, 85(3): 83-101.
[5] XU Y X, DING P F, LI Z L, et al. Design of FSAE formula racing car frame and finite element analysis[M]//Proceedings of China SAE congress 2020: Selected papers. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore,2022: 145-163.
[6] SADEGHI A, KAZEMI H, SAMADI M. Reliability analysis of steel moment-resisting frame structure under the light vehicle collision [J]. Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, 53(11): 14-21.
[7] ZHANG J, RAN W. Lightweight optimization design of a light electric commercial vehicle frame [J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, 1939(1): 012038.
[8] SEYFRIED P, TAISS E J M, CALIJORNE A C, et al. Light weighting opportunities and material choice for commercial vehicle frame structures from a design point of view [J]. Advances in Manufacturing, 2015,3(1): 19-26.
[9] WANG Z Y, WANG Z H, ZHANG S B, et al.Application of CVDA sequential sampling method to lightweight design of aluminum alloy frame [J]. Automotive Engineering, 2019, 41(12): 1466-1472 (in Chinese).
[10] MI C J, GU Z Q, JIAN H G, et al. Anti-fatigue and lightweight design for frame structures of electric wheel dump trucks [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2017,28(20): 2455-2462 (in Chinese).
[11] CHEN D L, ZHAO H J, ZHU W C, et al. Stiffness analysis of miniature electric commercial vehicle frame based on lightweight aluminum alloy 7475 material [J].IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, 242: 032044.
[12] WANG D F, ZHANG X P. Application of the preference selection index method in multi-objective lightweight design of heavy commercial vehicle frames [J]. Engineering Optimization, 2022: 1-20.
[13] REN M, SUN T, SHI Y J, et al. Lightweight optimization of vehicle frame structure based on the kriging approximate model [J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2019, 41(6): 1372-1377 (in Chinese).
[14] GUO Q H, ZHAN X, WANG M, et al. Lightweight design of a medium-sized commercial vehicle frame considering fatigue life [J]. Machine Design & Research,2020, 36(1): 210-215 (in Chinese).
[15] LEI F, LV X, FANG J, et al. Multiobjective discrete optimization using the TOPSIS and entropy method for protection of pedestrian lower extremity [J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2020, 152: 106349.
[16] WANG S, WANG D F. Research on crashworthiness and lightweight of B-pillar based on MPSO with TOP-SIS method [J]. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 2019, 41(11): 498.
[17] SALMANI H, KHALKHALI A, AHMADI A. Multiobjective optimization of vehicle floor panel with a laminated structure based on V-shape development
model and Taguchi-based grey relational analysis [J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2022,65(3): 95.
[18] SHAN Z Y, LONG J Q, YU P, et al. Lightweight optimization of passenger car seat frame based on grey relational analysis and optimized coefficient of variation [J]. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2020, 62(6): 3429-3455.
[19] XIONG F, WANG D F, MA Z D, et al. Lightweight optimization of the front end structure of an automobile body using entropy-based grey relational analysis[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering,
2019, 233(4): 917-934.
[20] WANG S, WANG D F. Optimization design of carbon fiber reinforced polymer anti-collision beam crashworthiness by grey relational analysis with entropy method [J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2020,37(2): 345-355 (in Chinese).
[21] COULLEREZ G, LUNDMARK S, MALMSTROM E, et al. ToF-SIMS for the characterization of hyperbranched aliphatic polyesters: Probing their molecular weight on surfaces based on principal component analysis (PCA) [J]. Surface and Interface Analysis, 2003,35(8): 693-708.
[22] QAZI M U D, HE L S, MATEEN P. Hammersley sampling and support-vector-regression-driven launch vehicle design [J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets,2007, 44(5): 1094-1106.
