Safety Evaluation of Commercial Vehicle Driving Behavior Based on AHP-CRITIC Algorithm

doi:10.1007/s12204-023-2575-1

Abstract

Abstract: To prevent and reduce road traffic accidents and improve driver safety awareness and bad driving behaviors, we propose a safety evaluation method for commercial vehicle driving behavior. Three driving style classification indexes were extracted using driving data from commercial vehicles and four primary and ten secondary safety evaluation indicators. Based on the stability of commercial vehicles transporting goods, the acceleration index is divided into three levels according to the statistical third quartile, and the evaluation expression of the safety index evaluation is established. Drivers were divided into conservative, moderate, and radical using Kmeans++. The weights corresponding to each index were calculated using a combination of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC), and the driving behavior scores of various drivers were calculated according to the safety index score standard. The established AHP–CRITIC safety evaluation model was verified using the actual driving behavior data of commercial vehicle drivers. The calculation results show that the proposed evaluation model can clearly distinguish between the types of drivers with different driving styles, verifying its rationality and validity. The evaluation results can provide a reference for transportation management departments and enterprises.

Key words: commercial vehicle, driving behavior, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC), safety evaluation, driving style

摘要： 为预防和减少道路交通事故，提高驾驶员的安全意识，改善驾驶员的不良驾驶行为，研究了一种商用车驾驶行为安全性评价方法。根据商用车行驶数据，提取了3项驾驶风格分类指标及4项一级、10项二级安全评价指标。其中针对商用车运输货物的稳定性程度，将加速度这一指标按照统计学中的第三四分位法分为三个等级，并建立了安全性指标评价表达式。利用k-means++将驾驶员分为保守型、温和型、激进型3种驾驶类型，采用层次分析法（AHP）和客观权重赋权法（CRITIC）相结合的方法计算各指标对应的权重，结合安全性指标得分标准计算各类驾驶员的驾驶行为得分。运用商用车驾驶员实际驾驶行为数据对建立的安全性评价模型进行验证，计算结果表明AHP-CRITIC评价模型能够明显区分出不同驾驶风格的驾驶员，验证了改进后算法的合理性，表明了该评价体系可以对驾驶员安全性驾驶行为进行有效的评价，为运输企业等管理部门提供参考。

关键词: 商用车，驾驶行为，层次分析法，客观权重赋权法，安全性评价，驾驶风格

CLC Number:

PANG Na1 (庞娜), LUO Wenguang1∗ (罗文广), WU Ruoyuan1 (吴若园), LAN Hongli1 (蓝红莉), QIN Yongxin1 (覃永新), SU Qi2 (苏琦). Safety Evaluation of Commercial Vehicle Driving Behavior Based on AHP-CRITIC Algorithm[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2023, 28(1): 126-135.

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