用于电化学双层电容器的离子液体改性聚乙烯醇和硫氰酸钠聚合物电解质的物理表征

doi:10.1007/s12204-021-2397-y

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以聚乙烯醇（PVA）和硫氰酸钠为主要原料，采用溶液浇铸造工艺研制了新型凝胶聚合物电解质（GPEs）。将1-乙基-3-甲基-咪唑三氰基甲烷化物（[EMIM][TCM]）的离子液体掺入到聚合物-盐配合物体系（PVA + NaSCN），以进一步提高导电性能。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、偏光显微镜术（POM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和电导率测量对离子液体掺杂的聚合物电解质薄膜进行了表征。通过XRD测试了离子液体掺杂聚合物电解质薄膜的结晶度和非结晶性，发现随着离子液体含量的增加，新型凝胶聚合物电解质的非结晶性增加。POM测评了聚乙烯醇中盐和离子液体的加入对表面形貌的影响。通过FTIR研究了新型凝胶聚合物电解质薄膜的组成性质。采用循环伏安法和电化学阻抗谱对其电学和电化学性能进行了表征。聚合物-盐复合物中离子液体的质量分数为6%时，新型凝胶聚合物电解质薄膜的最大电导率为1.10 × 10^-5 S/cm。离子迁移数约为0.97。利用优化的新型凝胶聚合物电解质薄膜和还原氧化石墨烯基电极制备了电化学双层电容器。由循环伏安法计算的电化学双层电容器电池的比电容为3 F/g。

关键词: 离子电导率, 离子液体, 迁移率, 迁移数, 循环伏安法, 聚合物电解质

Abstract: Novel gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium thiocyanate were developed via a solution casting technique. An ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tricyanomethanide ([EMIM][TCM]), was doped into a polymer–salt complex system (PVA + NaSCN) to further enhance the conductivity. IL-doped polymer electrolyte (ILDPE) films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. XRD was performed to check the degree of crystallinity and amorphicity of the ILDPE films, and the amorphicity of GPEs increased with the increase of the IL content. POM was employed to evaluate the changes in the surface morphology due to the inclusion of salt and IL in the PVA. The compositional nature of the GPE films was examined via FTIR studies. The electrical and electrochemical properties were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The maximum conductivity for the GPE film was estimated to be 1.10 × 10^-5 S/cm for 6% (mass fraction) of IL in the polymer–salt complex. The ionic transference number was approximately 0.97. An electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) was built from optimized GPE films and reduced graphene oxide-based electrodes. The specific capacitance calculated from the cyclic voltammograms of the EDLC cells was 3 F/g.

Key words: ionic conductivity, ionic liquid (IL), mobility, transference number, cyclic voltammetry, polymer electrolyte

中图分类号:

AZEMTSOP Manfo Theodore, MEHRA Ram Mohan, KUMAR Yogesh, GUPTA Meenal . 用于电化学双层电容器的离子液体改性聚乙烯醇和硫氰酸钠聚合物电解质的物理表征[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2023, 28(2): 161-171.

AZEMTSOP Manfo Theodore , MEHRA Ram Mohan , KUMAR Yogesh , GUPTA Meenal . Physical Characterization of Ionic Liquid-Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol and Sodium Thiocyanate Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitor Application[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2023, 28(2): 161-171.

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