New Type Power System and the Integrated Energy

A Review of Optimal Allocation and Operation of Energy Storage System for Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation in New Type Power Systems

  • FENG Mengyuan ,
  • WEN Shuli ,
  • SHI Shanshan ,
  • WANG Haojing ,
  • ZHU Miao ,
  • YANG Wen
Expand
  • 1 School of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
    2 Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
    3 State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Research Institute, Shanghai 200437, China
    4 State Grid Shanghai Changxing Electric Power Supply Company, Shanghai 202150, China

Received date: 2024-04-15

  Revised date: 2024-06-25

  Accepted date: 2024-07-15

  Online published: 2024-07-25

Abstract

To achieve China’s “dual carbon” goal, integrating large-scale renewable energy into power grids has become an irreversible trend. With the continuous increase in the use of renewable energy, the wind and solar power integration poses critical challenges to the stable operation of the power system. With the perfect dynamic response of active and reactive power, energy storage system can smooth power fluctuations caused by intermittent and uncertain renewable energy, which is conducive to promoting the access of large-scale new energy, realizing the smooth load regulation, and improving the interactive friendliness of the power grid. First, starting from the development of energy storage technology, this paper introduces the domestic and foreign research status of energy storage participating in the auxiliary service market of power peak regulation and frequency modulation. Then, it conducts a comprehensive review on the optimization configuration of energy storage systems taking into account peak shaving and frequency regulation requirements, analyzing from two perspectives: single-type setup and hybrid energy storage. Additionally, it summarizes the solving algorithms for the optimal configuration of energy storage systems. Afterwards, it proposes a grid-friendly new power system based on energy storage participation, and elaborates on collaborative scheduling methods and control strategies in multiple time scales and multiple regions from the perspective of collaborative operation. Finally, it provides an outlook on the future research direction of energy storage from four aspects, which are shared cloud energy storage, numerical intelligent aggregation modeling,intelligent and adaptive control technology, and improving multi-regional cooperation and standardization policy mechanism.

Cite this article

FENG Mengyuan , WEN Shuli , SHI Shanshan , WANG Haojing , ZHU Miao , YANG Wen . A Review of Optimal Allocation and Operation of Energy Storage System for Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation in New Type Power Systems[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2026 , 60(1) : 1 -18 . DOI: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.128

References

[1] IEA. Renewable energy progress tracker[DB/OL]. [2024-04-14]. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/renewables-data-explorer.
[2] 许津铭, 谢少军, 张斌锋. 分布式发电系统中LCL滤波并网逆变器电流控制研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(16): 4153-4166.
  XU Jinming, XIE Shaojun, ZHANG Binfeng. Overview of current control techniques for grid-connected inverters with LCL filters in distributed power generation systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(16): 4153-4166.
[3] 李明节, 陈国平, 董存, 等. 新能源电力系统电力电量平衡问题研究[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(11): 3979-3986.
  LI Mingjie, CHEN Guoping, DONG Cun, et al. Research on power balance of high proportion renewable energy system[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(11): 3979-3986.
[4] LIU W, WANG T H, WANG S, et al. Day-ahead robust optimal dispatching method for urban power grids containing high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Process Safety & Environmental Protection, 2023, 178: 715-727.
[5] 栗然, 卢云, 刘会兰, 等. 双馈风电场经串补并网引起次同步振荡机理分析[J]. 电网技术, 2013, 37(11): 3073-3079.
  LI Ran, LU Yun, LIU Huilan, et al. Mechanism analysis on subsynchronous oscillation caused by grid-integration of doubly fed wind power generation system via series compensation[J]. Power System Technology, 2013, 37(11): 3073-3079.
[6] 王波, 卢继平, 龚建原, 等. 含双馈机组转子侧附加控制的风电场次同步振荡抑制方法[J]. 电网技术, 2013, 37(9): 2580-2584.
  WANG Bo, LU Jiping, GONG Jianyuan, et al. A method to suppress sub-synchronous oscillation of wind farm composed of doubly fed induction generators with additional rotor side control[J]. Power System Technology, 2013, 37(9): 2580-2584.
[7] 吴俊, 薛禹胜, 舒印彪, 等. 大规模可再生能源接入下的电力系统充裕性优化(一)旋转级备用的优化[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(8): 101-109.
  WU Jun, XUE Yusheng, SHU Yinbiao, et al. Adequacy optimization for a large-scale renewable energy integrated power system part one spinning-grade reserve optimization[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43(8): 101-109.
[8] WANG L, XIE X R, JIANG Q R, et al. Investigation of SSR in practical DFIG-based wind farms connected to a series-compensated power system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2015, 30(5): 2772-2779.
[9] LIU Z, LIU J J, BAO W H, et al. Infinity-norm of impedance-based stability criterion for three-phase AC distributed power systems with constant power loads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(6): 3030-3043.
[10] 郁海彬, 董帅, 陆增洁, 等. 新型电力系统下储能参与电力调峰调频辅助市场的竞标策略[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(8): 48-60.
  YU Haibin, DONG Shuai, LU Zengjie, et al. Bidding strategy of energy storage participating in the auxiliary market of peak and frequency modulation in new power system[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(8): 48-60.
[11] 陈启鑫, 房曦晨, 郭鸿业, 等. 储能参与电力市场机制: 现状与展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(16): 14-28.
  CHEN Qixin, FANG Xichen, GUO Hongye, et al. Participation mechanism of energy storage in electricity market: Status quo and prospect[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(16): 14-28.
[12] 郭咏涛, 向月, 刘俊勇. 面向高比例清洁能源消纳的含灵活性资源电力系统规划方案优选[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(9): 1146-1155.
  GUO Yongtao, XIANG Yue, LIU Junyong. Optimal planning of power systems with flexible resources for high penetrated renewable energy accommodation[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(9): 1146-1155.
[13] 洪烽, 梁璐, 逄亚蕾, 等. 基于机组实时出力增量预测的火电-飞轮储能系统协同调频控制研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(21): 8366-8378.
  HONG Feng, LIANG Lu, PANG Yalei, et al. Research on coordinated frequency control of thermal power-flywheel energy storage system based on the real-time prediction of output increment[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(21): 8366-8378.
[14] RAHIM M, YASEEN S, ULLAH R. Electrochemical supercapacitor based on polyaniline/bismuth-doped zinc oxide (PANI/Bi-ZnO) composite for efficient energy storage[J]. Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids, 2023, 182: 111610.
[15] PUSCEDDU E, ZAKERI B, CASTAGNETO GISSEY G. Synergies between energy arbitrage and fast frequency response for battery energy storage systems[J]. Applied Energy, 2021, 283: 116274.
[16] SU H Y, LIU J H, CHU C C, et al. Developing an optimal scheduling of Taiwan power system with highly penetrated renewable energy resources and pumped hydro storages[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2021, 57(3): 1973-1986.
[17] TIAN B Y, HE Y X, ZHOU J H, et al. Cost-sharing mechanisms for pumped storage plants at different market stages in China[J]. Renewable Energy, 2023, 217: 119183.
[18] 赵长颖, 闫君, 赵耀. 如何实现媲美化石能源的大规模储能技术?[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55 (Sup.1): 91-92.
  ZHAO Changying, YAN Jun, ZHAO Yao. How to develop large-scale energy storage technologies comparable to fossil fuels?[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2021, 55 (Sup.1): 91-92.
[19] 黄雨涵, 丁涛, 李雨婷, 等. 碳中和背景下能源低碳化技术综述及对新型电力系统发展的启示[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41 (Sup.1): 28-51.
  HUANG Yuhan, DING Tao, LI Yuting, et al. Decarbonization technologies and inspirations for the development of novel power systems in the context of carbon neutrality[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41 (Sup.1): 28-51.
[20] NIU J D, TIAN Z, LU Y K, et al. Flexible dispatch of a building energy system using building thermal storage and battery energy storage[J]. Applied Energy, 2019, 243: 274-287.
[21] 崔杨, 安宁, 付小标, 等. 考虑广义储能与碳捕集设备联合调峰的电力系统低碳经济调度[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2023, 43(8): 40-48.
  CUI Yang, AN Ning, FU Xiaobiao, et al. Low-carbon economic dispatching of power system considering joint peak shaving of generalized energy storage and carbon capture equipment[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2023, 43(8): 40-48.
[22] 李宏仲, 房宇娇, 肖宝辉. 考虑广义储能的区域综合能源系统优化运行研究[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(9): 3130-3138.
  LI Hongzhong, FANG Yujiao, XIAO Baohui. Research on optimized operation of regional integrated energy system considering generalized energy storage[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(9): 3130-3138.
[23] 李强, 王璇, 琚诚, 等. 基于广义储能的多时间尺度综合能源系统优化调度模型[J]. 南方电网技术, 2024, 18(9): 117-125.
  LI Qiang, WANG Xuan, JU Cheng, et al. Optimal scheduling model of multi-time scale integrated energy system based on generalized energy storage[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2024, 18(9): 117-125.
[24] 孙毅, 谷家训, 郑顺林, 等. 考虑广义储能和LCA碳排放的综合能源系统低碳优化运行策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(5): 647-658.
  SUN Yi, GU Jiaxun, ZHENG Shunlin, et al. Low-carbon optimal operation strategy of integrated energy system considering generalized energy storage and LCA carbon emission[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(5): 647-658.
[25] 徐飞, 闵勇, 陈磊, 等. 包含大容量储热的电-热联合系统[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(29): 5063-5072.
  XU Fei, MIN Yong, CHEN Lei, et al. Combined electricity-heat operation system containing large capacity thermal energy storage[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(29): 5063-5072.
[26] 陈笑云, 顾延勋, 胡大朋, 等. 基于储能船舶的海岛群电-氢混合能量调度策略[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(8): 3317-3328.
  CHEN Xiaoyun, GU Yanxun, HU Dapeng, et al. Hybrid energy dispatching strategies for island group electric hydrogen based on energy storage ships[J]. Power System Technology, 2024, 48(8): 3317-3328.
[27] YANG H J, ZHOU M, WU Z Y, et al. Exploiting the operational flexibility of a concentrated solar power plant with hydrogen production[J]. Solar Energy, 2022, 247: 158-170.
[28] 肖碧涛, 刘元, 叶雨润, 等. 考虑广义储能参与灵活响应的光储氢集站实时能量管理策略[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2024, 44(10): 53-61.
  XIAO Bitao, LIU Yuan, YE Yurun, et al. Real-time energy management strategy of photovoltaic-energy storage-hydrogen production integrated system considering generalized energy storage participating in flexible response[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2024, 44(10): 53-61.
[29] 安宁. 考虑广义储能的电力系统低碳调度及调峰补偿分摊策略研究[D]. 吉林: 东北电力大学, 2023.
  AN Ning. Research on low-carbon economic dispatching and peak-shaving compensation allocation strategy of power system considering generalized energy storage[D]. Jilin: Northeast Dianli University, 2023.
[30] 李先锋, 张洪章, 郑琼, 等. 能源革命中的电化学储能技术[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2019, 34(4): 443-449.
  LI Xianfeng, ZHANG Hongzhang, ZHENG Qiong, et al. Electrochemical energy storage technology in energy revolution[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019, 34(4): 443-449.
[31] 陈海生, 凌浩恕, 徐玉杰. 能源革命中的物理储能技术[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2019, 34(4): 450-459.
  CHEN Haisheng, LING Haoshu, XU Yujie. Physical energy storage technology in energy revolution[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019, 34(4): 450-459.
[32] WANG Y Z, HU J H, FANG X, et al. Analysis of energy storage participation policies in an electricity market environment[C]// 2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific. Haining, China: IEEE, 2022: 1-6.
[33] 陈海生. “双碳”目标下的储能发展[J]. 中国电力企业管理, 2021(22): 23-24.
  CHEN Haisheng. Energy storage development under the “dual carbon” goal[J]. China Power Enterprise Management, 2021(22): 23-24.
[34] 朱佳男, 艾芊, 李嘉媚. 基于分布鲁棒优化的广义共享储能容量配置方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2024, 48(8): 185-194.
  ZHU Jianan, AI Qian, LI Jiamei. Capacity allocation method for generalized shared energy storage based on distributionally robust optimization[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2024, 48(8): 185-194.
[35] Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Order No.841[R]. Washington D. C., USA: FERC, 2018.
[36] ZHANG Z Y, DING T, MU C G, et al. Fully parallel algorithm for energy storage capacity planning under joint capacity and energy markets[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science & Engineering, 2024, 21(1): 257-268.
[37] 林森, 文书礼, 朱淼, 等. 海港综合能源系统低碳经济发展研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(4): 1364-1386.
  LIN Sen, WEN Shuli, ZHU Miao, et al. Review on low-carbon and economic development of seaport integrated energy system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(4): 1364-1386.
[38] AMIR M, DESHMUKH R G, KHALID H M, et al. Energy storage technologies: An integrated survey of developments, global economical/environmental effects, optimal scheduling model, and sustainable adaption policies[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 72: 108694.
[39] 谢小荣, 马宁嘉, 刘威, 等. 新型电力系统中储能应用功能的综述与展望[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(1): 158-169.
  XIE Xiaorong, MA Ningjia, LIU Wei, et al. Functions of energy storage in renewable energy dominated power systems: Review and prospect[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(1): 158-169.
[40] ABDALLA A N, NAZIR M S, TAO H, et al. Integration of energy storage system and renewable energy sources based on artificial intelligence: An overview[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2021, 40: 102811.
[41] DAS C K, BASS O, KOTHAPALLI G, et al. Overview of energy storage systems in distribution networks: Placement, sizing, operation, and power quality[J]. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 91: 1205-1230.
[42] 刘畅, 卓建坤, 赵东明, 等. 利用储能系统实现可再生能源微电网灵活安全运行的研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(1): 1-18.
  LIU Chang, ZHUO Jiankun, ZHAO Dongming, et al. A review on the utilization of energy storage system for the flexible and safe operation of renewable energy microgrids[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(1): 1-18.
[43] 陆秋瑜, 胡伟, 闵勇, 等. 考虑时间相关性的风储系统多模式协调优化策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015, 39(2): 6-12.
  LU Qiuyu, HU Wei, MIN Yong, et al. A multi-pattern coordinated optimization strategy of wind power and energy storage system considering temporal dependence[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(2): 6-12.
[44] 徐国栋, 程浩忠, 马则良, 等. 考虑电网调峰能力限制的风储联合系统概率综合效益评价方法[J]. 电网技术, 2015, 39(10): 2731-2738.
  XU Guodong, CHENG Haozhong, MA Zeliang, et al. A method to evaluate probabilistic comprehensive benefits of joint wind power and storage system considering constraints of peak load regulation capacity[J]. Power System Technology, 2015, 39(10): 2731-2738.
[45] 李咸善, 方子健, 李飞, 等. 含多微电网租赁共享储能的配电网博弈优化调度[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(18): 6611-6625.
  LI Xianshan, FANG Zijian, LI Fei, et al. Game-based optimal dispatching strategy for distribution network with multiple microgrids leasing shared energy storage[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(18): 6611-6625.
[46] 马静, 沈玉明, 荣秀婷, 等. 考虑储能用户与新能源双边交易调峰服务的电力系统联合运营模式[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2023, 43(1): 113-120.
  MA Jing, SHEN Yuming, RONG Xiuting, et al. Joint operation mode of power system considering bilateral peak regulation service transaction between energy storage users and new energy[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2023, 43(1): 113-120.
[47] 武艺, 姚良忠, 廖思阳, 等. 一种基于改进K-means++算法的分布式光储聚合调峰方法[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46(10): 3923-3931.
  WU Yi, YAO Liangzhong, LIAO Siyang, et al. A peak shaving method of aggregating the distributed photovoltaics and energy storages based on the improved K-means++ algorithm[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46(10): 3923-3931.
[48] 赵海岭, 王维庆, 李笑竹, 等. 计及储能参与的电能-调频-备用市场日前联合交易决策模型[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47(11): 4575-4587.
  ZHAO Hailing, WANG Weiqing, LI Xiaozhu, et al. Day ahead joint trading decision model for electricity, frequency regulation and reserve market considering energy storage participation[J]. Power System Technology, 2023, 47(11): 4575-4587.
[49] 张小莲, 覃世球, 陈冲, 等. 考虑储能充放电均衡度的风储联合调频控制策略[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(5): 1938-1946.
  ZHANG Xiaolian, QIN Shiqiu, CHEN Chong, et al. Wind turbine storage joint frequency modulation control strategy considering the balance of energy storage charge and discharge[J]. Power System Technology, 2024, 48(5): 1938-1946.
[50] 唐飞, 亓君锋, 谢家锐, 等. 避免频率二次跌落的风储联合调频控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(10): 3824-3836.
  TANG Fei, QI Junfeng, XIE Jiarui, et al. Coordinated control strategy of wind turbine generator and energy storage equipment to avoid frequency secondary drop[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(10): 3824-3836.
[51] 赵晶晶, 徐传琳, 吕雪, 等. 微电网一次调频备用容量与储能优化配置方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(15): 4324-4332.
  ZHAO Jingjing, XU Chuanlin, Lü Xue, et al. Optimization of micro-grid primary frequency regulation reserve capacity and energy storage system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(15): 4324-4332.
[52] 李秀慧, 崔炎. 考虑调峰调频需求的新能源电网储能优化配置[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(11): 3594-3602.
  LI Xiuhui, CUI Yan. Optimal allocation of energy storage in renewable energy grid considering the demand of peak and frequency regulation[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(11): 3594-3602.
[53] ZHANG Z Y, DING T, ZHOU Q, et al. A review of technologies and applications on versatile energy storage systems[J]. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021, 148: 111263.
[54] 张婷. 新型电力系统混合储能方案优选及优化配置模型研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2022.
  ZHANG Ting. Research on optimal selection and optimal configuration model of new hybrid energy storage scheme for power system[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2022.
[55] SCHAEFER E W, HOOGSTEEN G, HURINK J L, et al. Sizing of hybrid energy storage through analysis of load profile characteristics: A household case study[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 52: 104768.
[56] ZHANG L, ZHANG T W, ZHANG K, et al. Research on power fluctuation strategy of hybrid energy storage to suppress wind-photovoltaic hybrid power system[J]. Energy Reports, 2023, 10: 3166-3173.
[57] JI W M, HONG F, ZHAO Y Z, et al. Applications of flywheel energy storage system on load frequency regulation combined with various power generations: A review[J]. Renewable Energy, 2024, 223: 119975.
[58] BARELLI L, BIDINI G, CIUPAGEANU D A, et al. Integrating hybrid energy storage system on a wind generator to enhance grid safety and stability: A levelized cost of electricity analysis[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2021, 34: 102050.
[59] RASOOL M H, TAYLAN O, PERWEZ U, et al. Comparative assessment of multi-objective optimization of hybrid energy storage system considering grid balancing[J]. Renewable Energy, 2023, 216: 119107.
[60] CHENG Z W, TONG Z M, TONG S G, et al. CAES-SC hybrid energy storage: Dynamic characteristics and control via discharge process[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 72: 108561.
[61] PAPAGEORGIOU P G, OUREILIDIS K O, CHRISTOFORIDIS G C. A systematic review of hybrid superconducting magnetic/battery energy storage systems: Applications, control strategies, benefits, limitations and future prospects[J]. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2023, 183: 113436.
[62] GUO S, KURBAN A, HE Y, et al. Multi-objective sizing of solar-wind-hydro hybrid power system with doubled energy storages under optimal coordinated operational strategy[J]. CSEE Journal of Power & Energy Systems, 2023, 9(6): 2144-2155.
[63] 茆美琴, 刘云晖, 张榴晨, 等. 含高渗透率可再生能源的配电网广义储能优化配置[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(8): 77-85.
  MAO Meiqin, LIU Yunhui, ZHANG Liuchen, et al. Optimal configuration of generalized energy storage in distribution network with high-penetration renewable energy[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43(8): 77-85.
[64] SAKAMOTO S, BAROLLI A, BAROLLI L, et al. Design and implementation of a hybrid intelligent system based on particle swarm optimization, hill climbing and distributed genetic algorithm for node placement problem in WMNs: A comparison study[C]// 2018 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications. Krakow, Poland: IEEE, 2018: 678-685.
[65] SUN H F, ZHANG Q Y, JIN C, et al. Inverse lithography source optimization via particle swarm optimization and genetic combined algorithm[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal, 2023, 15(2): 7800312.
[66] XU Y Y, GUO P, ZENG Y. An iterative neighborhood local search algorithm for capacitated centered clustering problem[J]. IEEE Access, 2022, 10: 34497-34510.
[67] 林森, 文书礼, 朱淼, 等. 考虑碳交易机制的海港综合能源系统电-热混合储能优化配置[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(9): 1344-1356.
  LIN Sen, WEN Shuli, ZHU Miao, et al. Optimal allocation of electric-thermal hybrid energy storage for seaport integrated energy system considering carbon trading mechanism[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(9): 1344-1356.
[68] 陈倩, 王维庆, 王海云. 基于需求侧响应的主动配电网双层优化方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50(16): 1-13.
  CHEN Qian, WANG Weiqing, WANG Haiyun. Bi-level optimization model of an active distribution network based on demand response[J]. Power System Protection & Control, 2022, 50(16): 1-13.
[69] 栗然, 王欣鹏, 白杨, 等. 考虑氢储能与源荷不确定性的微网优化配置[J]. 华北电力大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 52(3): 32-41.
  LI Ran, WANG Xinpeng, BAI Yang, et al. Optimal configuration of microgrid considering hydrogen storage and source and load uncertainty[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 52(3): 32-41.
[70] 张天策. 基于可行域投影理论的新能源电力系统协同运行方法研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2023.
  ZHANG Tiance. Research on cooperative operation method of new energy power system based on feasible region projection theory[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2023.
[71] 郝广涛, 韩学山, 梁军, 等. 传统电力系统和高比例可再生能源电力系统调度与控制方法综述[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2020, 32(9): 10-19.
  HAO Guangtao, HAN Xueshan, LIANG Jun, et al. Review of dispatch and control methods for tradition power system and high-rate renewable energy generation power system[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2020, 32(9): 10-19.
[72] 柳璐, 程浩忠, 吴耀武, 等. 面向高比例可再生能源的输电网规划方法研究进展与展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(13): 176-183.
  LIU Lu, CHENG Haozhong, WU Yaowu, et al. Research progress and prospects of transmission expansion planning method for high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(13): 176-183.
[73] 房珂, 周明, 武昭原, 等. 面向低碳电力系统的长期储能优化规划与成本效益分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(21): 8282-8295.
  FANG Ke, ZHOU Ming, WU Zhaoyuan, et al. Optimal planning and cost-benefit analysis of long-duration energy storage for low-carbon electric power system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(21): 8282-8295.
[74] WU J J, CHEN Y W, ZHOU J H, et al. Multi-timescale optimal control strategy for energy storage using LSTM prediction-correction in the active distribution network[J]. Frontiers in Energy Research, 2023, 11: 1240764.
[75] WANG L, WEI W T. A multi-timescale low carbon scheduling optimization method for integrated energy system considering source-load[J]. Journal of Electrotechnology, Electrical Engineering & Management, 2023, 6(4): 28-36.
[76] 陈长青, 李欣然, 张冰玉, 等. 基于多时间尺度的储能调峰调频协同控制策略[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50(5): 94-105.
  CHEN Changqing, LI Xinran, ZHANG Bingyu, et al. Energy storage peak and frequency modulation cooperative control strategy based on multi-time-scale[J]. Power System Protection & Control, 2022, 50(5): 94-105.
[77] PAN C Y, FAN H T, ZHANG R X, et al. An improved multi-timescale coordinated control strategy for an integrated energy system with a hybrid energy storage system[J]. Applied Energy, 2023, 343: 121137.
[78] SHEN W J, ZENG B, ZENG M. Multi-timescale rolling optimization dispatch method for integrated energy system with hybrid energy storage system[J]. Energy, 2023, 283: 129006.
[79] 官裕达, 杨苹, 蒋建香. 考虑能量-调频辅助服务下的用户侧储能经济运行策略[J]. 电气自动化, 2024, 46(1): 39-42.
  GUAN Yuda, YANG Ping, JIANG Jianxiang. Economical operation strategy of user side energy storage under energy-frequency modulation auxiliary service[J]. Electrical Automation, 2024, 46(1): 39-42.
[80] 郝文波, 景菲, 颜庆宇, 等. 数据驱动下基于风电场景的多时间尺度调峰调度研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2023, 51(16): 115-126.
  HAO Wenbo, JING Fei, YAN Qingyu, et al. A multi-time scale peak shaving scheduling strategy based on wind power scenario using a data-driven method[J]. Power System Protection & Control, 2023, 51(16): 115-126.
[81] 谭俊丰, 杨苹, 张凡, 等. 考虑能量-辅助服务下的园区综合能源系统多时间尺度优化模型[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(10): 100-111.
  TAN Junfeng, YANG Ping, ZHANG Fan, et al. Multi-time scale optimization dispatch model of integrated energy system considering energy-auxiliary services[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55(10): 100-111.
[82] 黄寅峰. 考虑碳排放权的多区域综合能源系统联合优化运行[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2023.
  HUANG Yinfeng. Joint optimal operation of multi-regional comprehensive energy system considering carbon emission rights[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2023.
[83] MASRUR H, KHALOIE H, AL-AWAMI A T, et al. Cost-aware modeling and operation of interconnected multi-energy microgrids considering environmental and resilience impact[J]. Applied Energy, 2024, 356: 122320.
[84] 宋晓通, 孙艺, 刘欣博, 等. 计及能量互济的多区域综合能源系统多目标双层优化[J]. 高电压技术, 2024, 50(4): 1426-1435.
  SONG Xiaotong, SUN Yi, LIU Xinbo, et al. Multi-objective bi-level programming strategy of integrated energy system considering regional interconnection[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2024, 50(4): 1426-1435.
[85] 林顺富, 张琪, 沈运帷, 等. 考虑灵活性互济的跨区电网灵活性资源优化调度策略[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44(8): 71-81.
  LIN Shunfu, ZHANG Qi, SHEN Yunwei, et al. Optimal dispatching strategy of flexible resources considering flexible mutual aid among regional grid[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2023, 44(8): 71-81.
[86] 杨晓辉, 袁志鑫, 肖锦扬, 等. 考虑电池寿命的混合储能微电网优化配置[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2023, 51(4): 22-31.
  YANG Xiaohui, YUAN Zhixin, XIAO Jinyang, et al. Optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage microgrid considering battery life[J]. Power System Protection & Control, 2023, 51(4): 22-31.
[87] 陈登义, 李啸骢, 刘松. 多区域互联电力系统静止同步串联补偿器自适应反步滑模控制器设计[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(1): 200-205.
  CHEN Dengyi, LI Xiaocong, LIU Song. Adaptive backstepping sliding mode controller design for multi-region interconnected power system with SSSC[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(1): 200-205.
[88] LIU X X, SU X J, LI T. Load frequency composite control for multi-region interconnected power systems[J]. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 2023, 360(7): 4784-4806.
[89] SHIN M, CHOI D H, KIM J. Cooperative management for PV/ESS-enabled electric vehicle charging stations: A multiagent deep reinforcement learning approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2020, 16(5): 3493-3503.
[90] LI X J, WANG L J, YAN N, et al. Cooperative dispatch of distributed energy storage in distribution network with PV generation systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, 31(8): 0604304.
[91] 陈心宜, 胡秦然, 石庆鑫, 等. 新型电力系统居民分布式资源管理综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2024, 48(5): 157-175.
  CHEN Xinyi, HU Qinran, SHI Qingxin, et al. Review on residential distributed energy resource management in new power system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2024, 48(5): 157-175.
[92] Statista. Projected capacity of energy storage deployed in the U.S. from 2018 to 2024, by sector (in gigawatts)[EB/OL]. (2020-04-21)[2024-04-14]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/578701/projected-energy-storage-deployment-in-the-us-by-sector/.
[93] 张博, 唐巍, 蔡永翔, 等. 面向高比例户用光伏消纳的储能系统与通信网络协同规划[J]. 电网技术, 2018, 42(10): 3161-3169.
  ZHANG Bo, TANG Wei, CAI Yongxiang, et al. Collaborative configuration of energy storage systems and communication networks for accommodation of high-penetration residential PVs[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42(10): 3161-3169.
[94] WANG W J, KANG K Y, SUN G, et al. Configuration optimization of energy storage and economic improvement for household photovoltaic system considering multiple scenarios[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 67: 107631.
[95] 张兴, 黄辉, 岳芬. 中德用户侧储能发展现状及经济性对比[J]. 中外能源, 2023, 28(12): 22-28.
  ZHANG Xing, HUANG Hui, YUE Fen. Development status and economic comparison of user-side energy storage in China and Germany[J]. Sino-Global Energy, 2023, 28(12): 22-28.
[96] TANG Y Z, COCKERILL T T, PIMM A J, et al. Environmental and economic impact of household energy systems with storage in the UK[J]. Energy & Buildings, 2021, 250: 111304.
[97] SUN Y M, GAO J, WANG J X, et al. Evaluating the reliability of distributed photovoltaic energy system and storage against household blackout[J]. Global Energy Interconnection, 2021, 4(1): 18-27.
[98] Statista. Worldwide number of battery electric vehicles in use from 2016 to 2022 (in millions)[EB/OL]. (2023-04-01)[2024-04-14]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/270603/worldwide-number-of-hybrid-and-electric-vehicles-since/.
[99] BAI J W, DING T, JIA W H, et al. Online rectangle packing algorithm for swapped battery charging dispatch model considering continuous charging power[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science & Engineering, 2024, 21(1): 320-331.
[100] 黄学良, 刘永东, 沈斐, 等. 电动汽车与电网互动: 综述与展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2024, 48(7): 3-23.
  HUANG Xueliang, LIU Yongdong, SHEN Fei, et al. Vehicle to grid: Review and prospect[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2024, 48(7): 3-23.
[101] 宋梦, 林固静, 蒙璟, 等. 共享储能关键技术与应用[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(5): 585-599.
  SONG Meng, LIN Gujing, MENG Jing, et al. Key technologies and applications of shared energy storage[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(5): 585-599.
[102] HAN O Z, DING T, ZHANG X S, et al. A shared energy storage business model for data center clusters considering renewable energy uncertainties[J]. Renewable Energy, 2023, 202: 1273-1290.
[103] 闫东翔, 陈玥. 共享储能商业模式和定价机制研究综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(23): 178-191.
  YAN Dongxiang, CHEN Yue. Review on business model and pricing mechanism for shared energy storage[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46(23): 178-191.
[104] 苏娟, 李拓, 刘峻玮, 等. 综合能源系统下虚拟储能建模方法与应用场景研究综述及展望[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(6): 53-68.
  SU Juan, LI Tuo, LIU Junwei, et al. Review and prospect of modeling method and application scenarios of virtual energy storage under integrated energy system[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(6): 53-68.
[105] 付乐融, 冯谟可, 许建中. 超级电容储能型MMC多工况电磁暂态等值建模方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2025, 49(8): 30-39.
  FU Lerong, FENG Moke, XU Jianzhong. Electromagnetic transient equivalent modeling method for modular multilevel converter with supercapacitor energy storage system under multiple working conditions[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2025, 49(8): 30-39.
Outlines

/