5G base stations are in a critical period of large-scale application, and economic problems caused by high energy consumption are one of the factors hindering their development. At the same time, 5G base stations are usually equipped with energy storage batteries to ensure power supply reliability, and their idle energy provides flexible and adjustable resources for the power grid. In order to reduce the power consumption of 5G base stations and make full use of energy storage resources, this paper first establishes a 5G base station power consumption model and analyzes the impact of a large number of mobile users accessing the 5G base station's backup energy storage and dispatchable energy. Secondly, based on energy boundary projection, a backup energy storage aggregation regulation model is established. The sexual aggregation method is used, and then a cooperative game model is established by considering the participation of 5G base station operators in power transactions and solved by the alternating direction multiplier method. The calculation example analysis results show that communication load transfer can effectively reduce the power consumption of 5G base stations during low load periods and increase the dispatchable energy of energy storage. The proposed distributed optimization operation model can effectively