Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University >

2025 , Vol. 59 >Issue 9: 1304 - 1314

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.564

New Type Power System and the Integrated Energy

Electric Vehicles Hierarchical Charging Method Considering Multiple Modes Coordination

  • LIU Yongjiang ,
  • GUO Shan ,
  • JIA Junqing ,
  • LIU Xiaokai ,
  • CAI Wenchao ,
  • ZENG Long
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  • 1 Inner Mongolia Power (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010010, China
    2 Inner Mongolia Power Science Research Institute, Hohhot 010020, China
    3 School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Received date: 2023-11-10

  Revised date: 2024-01-06

  Accepted date: 2024-01-10

  Online published: 2024-01-24

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Abstract

To alleviate the adverse effect of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) random charging, an EV hierarchical charging method considering multiple modes coordination is proposed in this paper, which avoids the large-scale charging load centralized in a certain period by coordinating diverse charging modes. Considering the load characteristics such as the output of renewable power generation, the power load curves of an area in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are clustered into five typical power load curves based on the K-means clustering algorithm and elbow method. According to the characteristics of EV charging and battery swapping (BS) modes, the charging station models and EV hierarchical power exchange model are established. At the upper level, the users’ requirements and charging costs are considered, and EVs are matched with the charging mode based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. At the lower level, the electric price and charging station operation conditions are considered, and the charging schemes in the charging/BS station are optimized based on the optimization toolbox in the MATLAB software platform. Extensive case studies are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, where a large number of EVs charge continuously with cost efficiency. However, relying solely on electricity price as the control signal for EV charging load may exacerbate the valley-to-peak disparity and instability of the local power load curve.

Key words： electric vehicle (EV); electric vehicle charger; battery swapping (BS); charging modes coordination; hierarchical optimization

Cite this article

LIU Yongjiang , GUO Shan , JIA Junqing , LIU Xiaokai , CAI Wenchao , ZENG Long . Electric Vehicles Hierarchical Charging Method Considering Multiple Modes Coordination[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2025 , 59(9) : 1304 -1314 . DOI: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.564

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