New Type Power System and the Integrated Energy

An AGC Frequency Control Reserve Capacity Evaluation Method for Air Conditioner Groups Based on Nonintrusive Load Disaggregation

  • NIE Shihao ,
  • CHEN Lei ,
  • HAO Ling ,
  • XU Fei ,
  • MIN Yong ,
  • DOU Zhenlan ,
  • ZHANG Chunyan ,
  • SUN Pei
Expand
  • 1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    2. State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200223, China
    3. State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Research Institute, Shanghai 200437, China

Received date: 2023-03-20

  Revised date: 2023-08-01

  Accepted date: 2023-08-07

  Online published: 2023-09-14

Abstract

Massive air-conditioner resources on the consumer side have a huge potential to be involved in system frequency control, and massive scattered individual air-conditioners can be aggregated into air-conditioner groups to participate in system automatic generation control (AGC). As the operating status of individual air-conditioners is random, it is necessary to accurately evaluate the frequency control reserve capacity of air-conditioner groups. In this paper, a data-driven nonintrusive load disaggregation (NILD) method is proposed to incorporate massive air-conditioner groups into AGC frequency control reserve. First, the proposed method constructs a sequence-to-sequence model to nonintrusively forecast the frequency control reserve capacity of individual air-conditioners. Considering the fact that the participation of air-conditioners in AGC may affect the comfort of users, the feasibility of individual air-conditioners is evaluated to participate in AGC frequency control and a selection mechanism is constructed to determine whether they can be included in the frequency control reserve of air-conditioner groups. In the proposed method, individual air-conditioners within a sub-station that participate in AGC are aggregated to derive the air-conditioner group frequency control reserve of the sub-station, and the air-conditioner group frequency control reserve of all sub-stations are aggregated to derive the entire air-conditioner group frequency control reserve. The experiments simulate different degrees of system frequency drops in which air-conditioner groups work cooperatively with thermal units for AGC frequency control. The simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

Cite this article

NIE Shihao , CHEN Lei , HAO Ling , XU Fei , MIN Yong , DOU Zhenlan , ZHANG Chunyan , SUN Pei . An AGC Frequency Control Reserve Capacity Evaluation Method for Air Conditioner Groups Based on Nonintrusive Load Disaggregation[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2024 , 58(12) : 1892 -1902 . DOI: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.099

References

[1] 康重庆, 姚良忠. 高比例可再生能源电力系统的关键科学问题与理论研究框架[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017(9): 2-11.
  KANG Chongqing, YAO Liangzhong. Key scientific issues and theoretical research framework for power systems with high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017(9): 2-11.
[2] 黄远明, 张玉欣, 夏赞阳, 等. 考虑需求响应资源和储能容量价值的新型电力系统电源规划方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(4): 432-441.
  HUANG Yuanming, ZHANG Yuxin, XIA Zanyang, et al. Power system planning considering demand response resources and capacity value of energy storage[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(4): 432-441.
[3] 陈众励, 许维胜. 多冷源空调系统节能优化调度算法初探[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30 (Sup.1): 521-526.
  CHEN Zhongli, XU Weisheng. Research of multi cold sources air-conditioning system energy-saving optimal dispatching algorithm[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30 (Sup.1): 521-526.
[4] XU Z, QSTERGAARD J, TOGEBY M. Demand as frequency controlled reserve[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2011, 26(3): 1062-1071.
[5] 薛禹胜, 罗运虎, 李碧君, 等. 关于可中断负荷参与系统备用的评述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2007, 31(10): 1-6.
  XUE Yusheng, LUO Yunhu, LI Bijun, et al. A review of interruptible load participating in system reserve[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2007, 31(10): 1-6.
[6] 李晓军, 谭忠富, 王绵斌, 等. 考虑用户参与下电网公司购买备用的优化模型[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2007, 19(2): 9-14.
  LI Xiaojun, TAN Zhongfu, WANG Mianbin, et al. Optimal model of buying reserve capacity of power grid considering consumer’s participation[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2007, 19(2): 9-14.
[7] ZHAO Q Q, LI M, ZHANG H G. Spinning reserve from responsive load via intelligent energy management network[C]// 2006 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control. Fort Lauderdale, USA: IEEE, 2006: 715-720.
[8] 陈中, 李云倩, 冷钊莹, 等. 典型家用大功率负载精细化建模及能量管理策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(22): 135-143.
  CHEN Zhong, LI Yunqian, LENG Zhaoying, et al. Refined modeling and energy management strategy of typical household high-power loads[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(22): 135-143.
[9] SONG M, GAO C W, YAN H G, et al. Thermal battery modeling of inverter air conditioning for demand response[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2018, 9(6): 5522-5534.
[10] COX R, LEEB S B, SHAW S R, et al. Transient event detection for nonintrusive load monitoring and demand side management using voltage distortion[C]// Twenty-First Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. Dallas, USA: IEEE, 2006: 1751-1757.
[11] LIN Y H, TSAI M S. Development of an improved time-frequency analysis-based nonintrusive load monitor for load demand identification[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement, 2014, 63(6): 1470-1483.
[12] TSAI M S, LIN Y H. Modern development of an adaptive non-intrusive appliance load monitoring system in electricity energy conservation[J]. Applied Energy, 2012, 96: 55-73.
[13] 李利娟, 刘海, 刘红良, 等. 融合外部注意力机制的序列到点非侵入式负荷分解[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(6): 846-854.
  LI lijuan, LIU Hai, LIU Hongliang, et al. Non-intrusive load disaggregation using sequence-to-point integrating external attention mechanism[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(6): 846-854.
[14] SUTSKEVER I, VINYALS O, LE Q V. Sequence to sequence learning with neural networks[C]// Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems-Volume 2. Montreal, Canada: ACM, 2014: 3104-3112.
[15] 宁剑, 吴继平, 江长明, 等. 考虑资源运行特性的可调节负荷调峰调频优化控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(15): 11-19.
  NING Jian, WU Jiping, JIANG Changming, et al. Optimal control strategy of peak and frequency regulation for adjustable loads considering operation characteristics of resources[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46(15): 11-19.
[16] BATRA N, GULATI M, SINGH A, et al. It’s different: Insights into home energy consumption in India[C]// Proceedings of the 5th ACM Workshop on Embedded Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings. Roma, Italy: ACM, 2013: 1-8.
[17] COLE W J, RHODES J D, GORMAN W, et al. Community-scale residential air conditioning control for effective grid management[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 130: 428-436.
Outlines

/